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Thermodynamic Mind Map

1) The first law of thermodynamics states that energy can neither be created nor destroyed, only transferred or changed in form. The change in internal energy of a system is equal to the heat transferred plus work done. 2) The second law of thermodynamics states that heat cannot spontaneously flow from a colder location to a hotter location without an external work being performed. In any cyclic process, the entropy of the universe increases or remains the same. 3) The third law of thermodynamics states that as the temperature of a system approaches absolute zero, the entropy of the system approaches a minimum finite value, usually zero.

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LEE LEE LAU
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883 views

Thermodynamic Mind Map

1) The first law of thermodynamics states that energy can neither be created nor destroyed, only transferred or changed in form. The change in internal energy of a system is equal to the heat transferred plus work done. 2) The second law of thermodynamics states that heat cannot spontaneously flow from a colder location to a hotter location without an external work being performed. In any cyclic process, the entropy of the universe increases or remains the same. 3) The third law of thermodynamics states that as the temperature of a system approaches absolute zero, the entropy of the system approaches a minimum finite value, usually zero.

Uploaded by

LEE LEE LAU
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1st Law 2nd Law

• conservation of energy
• thermal equilibrium
• energy can be neither
• process occurs sponteneous
created nor destroyed
• in any cyclic process the
• ΔU=q+w
entropy will either increase or
• irreversible process: not in
remain the same
equilibrium changes
(wirreversible=-ʃPext.dV) ΔQ
• reversible process: Thermodynamic T1 heat transfer T2
infinitesimal changes • energy transfer (work/heat) Hot Cold
(w=-ʃPdV) • spontaneous direction of
• constant P, isobaric chemical process
(w=-PΔV) ΔS = Entropy = ΔQ/T
• equilibrium states
• constant V, isochoric (w=o) V1 Sf = Si (reversible)
Pext
• constant T, isothermal PS Sf > Si (irreversible)

• two different T, T1 and T2 V2


dw = F.dx
(w=-nR(T2-T1)) Volume = Area (A) × Distance (dx)
dV = A .dx
3rd Law
independent on the extensive properties
mass of system system
• open • a state of 0 entropy can only
surroundings exist in a perfectly pure
• closed
dependent on the • isolated boundary crystalline solid at absolute 0
intensive
mass of system

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