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Programming Fundamentals: by Imran Kazmi

The document discusses different loop structures in programming. It covers while loops, for loops, and do-while loops. Examples are provided to illustrate generating even numbers from 0 to 50, a series from 1 to N, calculating a factorial, and generating a number table using while and for loops. Operators like increment/decrement, arithmetic assignment are also explained. The key aspects covered are the parts of a loop, flowchart, initialization, test condition, incrementing/decrementing, and using for loops as an alternative to while loops for the examples provided.

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Abdul Quddus Khan
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61 views19 pages

Programming Fundamentals: by Imran Kazmi

The document discusses different loop structures in programming. It covers while loops, for loops, and do-while loops. Examples are provided to illustrate generating even numbers from 0 to 50, a series from 1 to N, calculating a factorial, and generating a number table using while and for loops. Operators like increment/decrement, arithmetic assignment are also explained. The key aspects covered are the parts of a loop, flowchart, initialization, test condition, incrementing/decrementing, and using for loops as an alternative to while loops for the examples provided.

Uploaded by

Abdul Quddus Khan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Programming Fundamentals

Lecture 7
By
Imran Kazmi
> In the previous lecture , we have started loop control
instructions and started working on while loop .

> In this lecture we will cover

i) “ while ” loop
ii) Programming practice
iii) “ for ” loop
iv) Programming Practice
v) Introduction of “ do while “ loop
While Loop
• Parts of while loop:

1) Initial value
2) Test Condition
3) Increment / Decrement
(Change in value of the variable, testing the
condition)
Loop flow chart

start

Initialize

False
test

True
stop
Body of loop

Increment/decrement
Initialization;

while ( Test condition )


{
statement1;
statement 2;
statement 3 ;

increment/decrement;
}
Programming Practice
• Write Down the program that generate even numbers from 0
to 50.

• Write down the program that generate the following series


1 2 4 5 7 8 10 11 13……….N

• Write down the program the generate the table of any number
N

• Write down the program that calculate the factorial of any


number N
Write Down the program that generate even numbers from 0 to 50.
Write down the program that generate the following series
1 2 4 5 7 8 10 11 13……….N
Write down the program the generate the table of any number N
output
Write down the program that calculate the factorial of any number N
output
Increment/decrement operator

• i) ++ increment operator
• ii) -- decrement operator

e.g

n++; Same As n=n+1


n--; Same As n=n-1
Write down the program the generate the table of any number N

(Java)
import java.io.*;
public class loopwhile
{
public static void main(String[] args)throws Exception
{
int n,t,x; output
BufferedReader str=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
String s;
enter the value
System.out.println("enter the value of n"); of n
s =str.readLine(); 2
n=Integer.parseInt(s); 2*1=2
x=1; 2*2=4
while(x<=10) 2*3=6
{ 2*4=8
t=n*x; 2*5=10
System.out.println(n+"*"+x+"="+t);
2*6=12
x=x+1;
2*7=14
}
}
2*8=16
} 2*9=18
2*10=20
Write down the program that calculate the factorial of any number N ( in Java)
import java.io.*;
public class factorial
{
public static void main(String[] args)throws Exception
{
int n, f;
BufferedReader str=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
String s;
System.out.println("enter the value of n ");
s =str.readLine();
output
n=Integer.parseInt(s);
f=1;
while(n>=1)
{ enter the value of n
f=f*n ; 5
n-- ;
} factorial of n=120
System.out.println("factorial of n="+f);

}
Arithmetic Assignment Operators
i) += counter += 3 ; same as
counter = counter + 3 ;

ii) -= counter -= 5 ; same as


counter = counter – 5 ;

iii) *= x*=2 ; same as x = x * 2;

iv) /= x /= 2; same as x=x/2;

V) %= x %=2; same as x=x % 2;


For loop

for ( initialization condition ; termination condition ; increment condition )


{

statement 1 ;
statement 2 ;
statement 3 ;

}
Example

int counter ;
for( counter = 0 ; counter < 10 ; counter = counter + 1 )
{
cout << counter;
}

Output
0123456789
Assignment

All the program we have done through “while” loop, please develop them
using “ for “ loop.

Thank you

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