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Super Computer

This document provides information about supercomputers including: - A list of 5 student roll numbers - Definitions of a supercomputer as one of the fastest computers available designed to handle extremely large jobs - A brief history of supercomputers dating back to the 1960s and early models like the CDC 6600 - Modern supercomputers use tens of thousands of processors and operate systems like Linux across large memory and storage capacities - Supercomputers are measured in floating point operations per second and are used for applications like simulations, modeling, and research

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Anik Roy
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214 views

Super Computer

This document provides information about supercomputers including: - A list of 5 student roll numbers - Definitions of a supercomputer as one of the fastest computers available designed to handle extremely large jobs - A brief history of supercomputers dating back to the 1960s and early models like the CDC 6600 - Modern supercomputers use tens of thousands of processors and operate systems like Linux across large memory and storage capacities - Supercomputers are measured in floating point operations per second and are used for applications like simulations, modeling, and research

Uploaded by

Anik Roy
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Super Computer

Roll and Name

• 201003008-Joyanta biswas
• 201003016-Kazi Hussain
• 201003067-Dipto paul Dipok
• 201003057-Ukhimong Marma
• 201003029-Md. Sohan
What is a Supercomputer?

Supercomputer is a broad term for one of


the fastest computer currently available.

Super computers were designed and built


to work on extremely large jobs that could
not be handled by no other types of
computing systems.
History of Supercomputers

 The history of supercomputer goes back to the 1960s when a series of computers at
Control Data Corporation (CDC) were designed by Seymour Cray to use
innovative designs and parallelism to achieve superior computational peak
performance.
  The CDC 6600, released in 1964, is generally considered the first supercomputer
CDC 6600
History of Supercomputers
(contend)

 Cray then developed the CDC 7600 in 1970.


 Cray-1 supercomputers project started in 1972 and finished in
1974 and was twice as fast as the 7600 with a vector speed of
80 MFLOPS.
History of Supercomputers (contend)

 In 1990 Cray successful build Cray-4 the fastest


supercomputer in the world at around 10 gigaflops
Measurement of Speed :

Supercomputers speed are measured in


floating point operations per second
(FLOPS) in units of :
 megaflops (MFLOPS)
 gigaflops (GFLOPS)
 teraflops (TFLOPS)
Uses of supercomputers :

 Scientific simulations
 Molecular Dynamics Simulation
 Analysis of geological data
 Nuclear energy research
 Computational fluid dynamics
 Weather forecasting and meteorology
 Aerodynamic research
 Probabilistic analysis
Hardware  

 While the supercomputers of the 1970s used only a few processors, in the 1990s,
machines with thousands of processors began to appear and by the end of the 20th
century, massively parallel supercomputers with thousands of "off-the-shelf"
processors were the norm.

 Supercomputers of the 21st century can use over 100,000 processors.


Operating System :

 Modern massively parallel supercomputers typically separate


computations from other services by using multiple types of
nodes, they usually run different operating systems on different
nodes, e.g. using a small and efficient lightweight kernel on
compute nodes, but a larger system such as a Linux-derivative
on server and I/O nodes.
Architecture

 Approaches to supercomputer architecture have taken dramatic turns since the


earliest systems were introduced in the 1960s. Early supercomputer architectures
pioneered by Seymour Cray relied on compact innovative designs and local
parallelism to achieve superior computational peak performance.
 However, in time the demand for increased computational power ushered in the age
of massively parallel systems
   Systems with a massive number of
processors  use one of two paths:

 In first approach, e.g. in grid computing the processing power of a large number of
computers in distributed, diverse administrative domains, is  used whenever a
computer is available.
 In another approach, a large number of processors are used in close proximity to
each other, e.g. in a computer cluster.
 In such a centralized massively parallel system the speed and flexibility of the
interconnect becomes very important and modern supercomputers have used
various approaches ranging from enhanced Infiniband systems to three-dimensional
torus interconnects.
What do you mean by
Cluster Computers

Cluster computers are two or more


computers working parallel to achieve
greater performances. Cluster computers
breakup work among the computers in the
cluster.
Cluster Computers (contend)

 Each computer in the cluster is a cpu itself with its own


processor, memory, and disk.

 The computers communicate with each other via an


interconnecting bus.
What are Multi-Processor Computers

A multi-processor computer has 2 or more


cpus. Each processor is capable of running
different program simultaneously (true
multitasking).
Multi-Processor (contend)

 The cpus all shared the other parts of the


computers: memory, disk system, bus, etc.

 Cpu communicate via memory and the system


bus.

 Cheaper than cluster computers but does not


perform as well.
   From top 500 supercomputers the 3 top ranked  supercomputers are:-

 RANK NO.1:-Sunway-TaihuLight
 RANK NO.2:-Tianhe 2
 RANK NO.3:-Oak Ridge Laboratories TITAN
2009-2010
World’s Fastest SuperComputer:

     Oak  Ridge ‘Jaguar’


About   Jaguar :

 SITE:-Oak Ridge National Laboratory(ORNL’s)


 SYSTEM MODEL:-Cray XT5-HE
 COMPUTER:-Cray XT5-HE Operation Six Core 2.6GHz
 VENDOR:-Cray Inc.
 INSTALLATION YEAR:-2009
 OPERATING SYSTEM:-Linux
 PROCESSOR:-AMD x86-64 Operation Six Core 2600MHz(10.4 Gflops)
FEATURES OF JAGUAR
SUPERCOMPUTER

 Cray XT computer system


 2.595 petaflops peak theoretical performance
 255,584 processing cores
 System memory: 362 terabytes
 Unmatched input/output bandwidth to read and write files: 284
gigabytes per second
ADVANTAGES OF JAGUAR
SUPERCOMPUTER

 High speed(1.759Petaflop)
 Greater performance.
 High data transfer rate(284gb/s)
 High system memory(362tb)
DISADVANTAGES OF JAGUAR
SUPERCOMPUTER

 Requires large  area.


 Very  costly($19.5 million).
 Required  more  electricity.
 Large  no. of  chips(37,376chips).
 THANK YOU

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