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Kotebe Metropolitan University Menelik Ii Medical and Healthscience College

This document provides an overview of health service management. It begins by outlining the objectives of the course, which are to identify basic management principles, perform environmental analysis, describe health services in Ethiopia, and outline management of resources. It then defines key terms like health, health services, and health management. The basis for health services management is explained as the need for good management of scarce resources. Finally, it introduces concepts of management like effectiveness, efficiency, and Fayol's 14 principles.

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2K views

Kotebe Metropolitan University Menelik Ii Medical and Healthscience College

This document provides an overview of health service management. It begins by outlining the objectives of the course, which are to identify basic management principles, perform environmental analysis, describe health services in Ethiopia, and outline management of resources. It then defines key terms like health, health services, and health management. The basis for health services management is explained as the need for good management of scarce resources. Finally, it introduces concepts of management like effectiveness, efficiency, and Fayol's 14 principles.

Uploaded by

zeyneb pink
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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KOTEBE METROPOLITAN UNIVERSITY

MENELIK II MEDICAL AND HEALTHSCIENCE COLLEGE

COURSE- HEALTH SERVICE MANAGEMENT

BY GENET ATLABCHEW (BSC,MHS)

OCTOBER 2013E.C
Objectives of the course

By the end of this course, students should

Identify the basic principles involved in planning and management

Perform environmental analysis using different mechanisms so as to making


planning process more realistic

Describe the history of health service in Ethiopia and determinants to Health

Define PHC, Concept, strategy and enumerate what we have learned and
gained
Objectives of the course

Describe basic principle involved in management of resources.

Appreciate different schemes of financial health care.


Outline of presentation
Definition of terms.

Rationale for health services management

Functions of management &roles

Different level and skills of Management

Concepts and principles in management


UNIT-1

INTRODUCTION
What is health ?

What is health services ?

What is health Management?

Why do we need to study Health services

Management?
Health
“A state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, not merely

the absence of disease”

Recently WHO has improved the definition by including “the ability to

lead socially and economically productive life”.

Even though this is the most widely accepted definition, it has its own

strength and weakness.


Basis for Health services Management
Health professionals often find themselves in a managerial position.

Health services require good management (Mgt).

Scarce resources need proper Mgt. for optimal use.

Prioritizing health problems for intervention need good Mgt. skills.


Basis for Health services Management

Mangers influence all phases of modern organizations.

The society demands good managers.

Managerial effectiveness & efficiency are becoming more important


in any organization (society).
Health care is one of the fastest growing and most dynamic industries
nationally and internationally.

Health care is the total social effort, undertaken in the private and public sectors,
focused on pursuing health.

Any of the activities that fall under definitions of the WHO and the Alma Atta
declaration on primary health care.

 All services dealing with the diagnosis and treatment of disease, or the
promotion, maintenance, and restoration of health

(Wofford,2015).
Health services are specific activities undertaken to maintain or

improve health.

These services can be preventive (e.g. BP screening), chronic(e.g.

control of DM), restorative(e.g. rehabilitation of stroke patients), or

palliative (e.g. pain relieve ) in nature (Wofford,2015).


Health Service Organizations ( HSOs)

HSOs are entities/units that provide the organizational

structure within w/c the delivery of health services

are made directly to customers, whether the purpose of the service is

preventive, acute, chronic, restorative, or palliative.

• Historically, many HSOs have joined to form systems of organizations

(Longest,2000,Stephen ,15th ed.).


Health Systems (HSs)

Are formally linked HSOs, possibly including financing


arrangements joined together to provide more coordinated and
comprehensive health services (Wofford,2015).

Organization A consciously coordinated social unit, composed of two


or more people, that functions on a relatively continuous basis to
achieve a common goal or set of goals (John Snow, 2010).
Organization as a process

Managers perform the organizing function by:

1. Identifying the work

2. Grouping and re-grouping it

3. Establishing formal reporting relation ship

4. Providing means for measurements, evaluation and control

5. Creating a system of delegating authority and responsibility

(Griffin ,2016).
Organizational performance

The measure of how well the organizations do their job

Is the measure of how efficient and effective an organization is -how

well it achieves appropriate objectives

=>Both managers and organizations performance might be evaluated by

their efficiency and effectiveness(Griffin ,2016).


Organization and the need for managers

Organizations are established with purpose and goals

Could be formal or informal – we will focus on the formal. In both


people work together.

 Health service Mgt. is:

‘’The application of management to health care service’’

Managers are generally responsible for a group of individuals’


performance.
Definitions of Management
Management has no single definition.

Management is process of directing, coordinating, and influencing


organizational operations in order to obtain desired results and
enhance/maximize performance

Management may be defined as the process of planning, organizing,


directing and controlling to accomplish organizational goal through the
coordinated use of human and material resources (commonly used
definition)
Management as a Science, an Art and a Profession

Management is a social science and deals with the behavior of people


in the organization.

Mgt. as the body of knowledge and discipline is a science.

Its application to the solution of organizational problems is an art.

Scientific Mgt. requires advanced education and training. So that it is


a profession.

Therefore, Management is a science and an art as well as a profession


Organization Management Goal

Other Resources
Materials Finance
Time Information
Space Technology

N.B . All these do not guarantee health in the absence of health


management
Importance of Management

Management is essential for all kinds of organizations. This is because


every organization requires:-

• The making of decisions

• The coordinating of activities

• The handling of people and

• Evaluating the performance directed toward its objectives


Concepts of management

Effective organizing depends on the mastery of several important concepts:


work specialization, chain of command, authority, delegation, span of
control, and centralization versus decentralization. Many of these concepts
are based on the principles developed by Henri Fayol

A centralized organization systematically works to concentrate authority at


the upper levels. In a decentralized organization, management consciously
attempts to spread authority to the lower organization levels (Ellen_A).
Concepts of management

Effectiveness
Effectiveness is the degree to which a stated objective is being
achieved. It is something that management tries to improve.

Efficiency
• It is concerned with the balanced use of resources
(money, material, human resource, time, space and
information)
Concepts of management

Economy of Scarce Resources

Some, and often many, resources are scarce and costly thus we have to
economize
Work Relations -Work activities should be designed and structured so as to
support each other towards the achievement of objective.

Information-Management needs information to make the right decision for


action. At the same time, information can easily handicap Management, if it is
not the right kind, at the right time and in the right hands (Wofford,2015,Griffin ,2016).
Fayol’s 14 principles of management
1. Division of Work. Specialization increases output by making employees more
efficient.
2. Authority and Responsibility. Managers must be able to give orders, and authority
gives them this right / formal and legitimate right of a manager.
3. Discipline. Employees must obey and respect the rules that govern the organization.
4. Unity of command. Every employee should receive orders from only one superior.
5. Unity of direction. The organization should have a single plan of action to guide
managers and workers.
6. Subordination of individual interests to the general interest. The interests of any
one employee or group of employees should not take precedence over the interests of
the organization as a whole.
7. Remuneration. Workers must be paid a fair wage for their services
Cont…

8. Centralization. This term refers to the degree to which subordinates are


involved in decision making.
9. Scalar chain. The line of authority from top management to the lowest ranks
is the scalar chain.
10. Order. People and materials should be in the right place at the right time.
11. Equity. Managers should be kind and fair to their subordinates and impartial
treatment of all employees.
12. Stability of tenure of personnel. Long-term employment is important for the
development of skills that improve the organization’s performance.
13. Initiative. Employees who are allowed to originate and carry out plans will exert
high levels of effort.
14. Esprit de corps. Promoting team spirit will build harmony and unity within the
organization (Cliffs QuickReview,Ellen).

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