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FSC Physics 2 Year: Chapter 14: Electromagnetism

1. A current carrying coil placed in a magnetic field will experience a torque that causes it to rotate. The torque depends on factors like the current, number of coil turns, coil area, and angle between the coil plane and magnetic field. 2. A galvanometer is an instrument that converts electrical energy to mechanical energy and can detect both AC and DC currents and voltages. It works by applying the torque principle - a current carrying coil in a magnetic field will rotate. 3. The moving coil galvanometer has a coil suspended by a wire that allows rotation. When the coil is deflected and stops, the deflection torque equals the restoring torque from the suspension wire. The

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73 views

FSC Physics 2 Year: Chapter 14: Electromagnetism

1. A current carrying coil placed in a magnetic field will experience a torque that causes it to rotate. The torque depends on factors like the current, number of coil turns, coil area, and angle between the coil plane and magnetic field. 2. A galvanometer is an instrument that converts electrical energy to mechanical energy and can detect both AC and DC currents and voltages. It works by applying the torque principle - a current carrying coil in a magnetic field will rotate. 3. The moving coil galvanometer has a coil suspended by a wire that allows rotation. When the coil is deflected and stops, the deflection torque equals the restoring torque from the suspension wire. The

Uploaded by

Adeela Umar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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FSC Physics 2 nd

year
Chapter 14: Electromagnetism
Lecture – 20
*Torque on a current carrying coil
*Galvanometer
Torque On A Current
Carrying Coil
Torque on a Current Carrying Coil

1. Statement:
 
• “A current carrying coil placed in a magnetic filed, will be
rotated in magnetic field producing torque”.

‘ is the angle between plane of coil and magnetic field


‘N’ number of turns of the coil
‘A’ area of the coil
SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM OF A CURRENT CARRYING
COIL
1.  
As current carrying conductor of length L in magnetic field
experiences a force F = ILBsin where is angle b/w conductor
and field.
Sides AB and CD make angle 0 and 180 with magnetic field line,
BC and DA make angle 90 with magnetic field line.So
F₁ = F₂ = ILB
F₁ and F₂ are equal and opposite forces form couple which tends to
rotate it about the axis.
= Force x Momentum arm
= ILBxa a= length of side AB or CD
= IBA When B is in the plane of coil
If field makes angle with plane of coil
= ILB x acos = IBA cos
2.  Special Cases:
1.
i. Maximum Torque:
• When coil is parallel to magnetic field

ii. Minimum Torque:


• When coil is perpendicular to magnetic field

iii. If coil taking only 1 turn:


• When coil taking only one turn and is parallel to magnetic field
N = 1;
Galvanometer
Galvanometer

1. Electrical Measuring Instruments:


• “Those instruments which convert electrical energy into
mechanical energy”.
i. Examples
• Galvanometer
• Voltmeter
• Ammeter
• AVO meter
2. Galvanometer
1.   (G.M):
• “Galvanometer is used for the detection of both A.C and D.C
currents and voltage”.
i. Principle of G.M:
• “Current carrying coil experiences electrical torque
when placed in magnetic field”.
ii. Types of G.M:
• Moving coil G.M (MCGM)
• Moving magnet G.M (MMGM)
iii. Major parts of moving coil G.M:
• Pole piece made concave
• Suspension wire
• Lamp – scale arrangement
• Coil
• Hair springs
1.   iv. Calculation:
• When coil of G.M stops after deflection, then
Deflection torque = Restoring torque

Here 0
I= =K
• Where c represents couple per unit twist or torsion constant that
depends upon the nature and geometry of suspension wire.
v. Galvanometer constant:
K=
• A G.M can be made sensitive by making “K = ” small.
• c is made small
• A and N are made large
• Best suggestion to make B as strong as possible.

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