COMPARISON OF ROLLING AND

SLIDING BEARINGS
Advantages of rolling bearings:
- Low starting and good operating friction torque
- Ease of lubrication
- Requiring less axial space
- Generally, taking both radial and axial loads
- Rapid replacement
-
Warning of impending failure by increasing
noisiness
- Good low-temperature starting
Disadvantages of rolling bearings:
- Greater diametral space
- More severe alignment requirements
- Higher initial cost
- Noisier normal operation
- Finite life due to eventual failure by fatigue
- Ease of damage by foreign matter
- Poor damping ability
 Ball and Roller bearings - Application
Deep Groove ball bearing
-
Can carry considerable thrust load apart from
radial load – high speed
Self aligning ball bearing
-
Minor angular displacements of shafts will not
affect
Single row angular contact ball bearing
-
For heavy axial loads in one direction
Double row angular contact ball bearing
-
Can carry radial loads with heavy thrust in both
directions
 Ball and Roller bearings – Application -
Contd…
Spherical roller bearing
- High carrying capacity, self aligning – for heavy radial
loads with considerable axial load in both directions.

Cylindrical roller bearing

- For heavy loads at high speeds - permit slight axial
displacement.

Taper roller bearing

- For combined radial and axial loads
 Ball and Roller bearings – Application -
Contd…
Single thrust ball bearing
- For axial load in one direction only

Double thrust ball bearing

- For axial loads acting on both directions

Spherical roller thrust bearing

- For heavy axial loads-high speed-self aligning
 EQUIVALENT LOAD
P = (XVFr + YFa) x Kt x S

P – Equivalent load S – Service factor

X – Radial load factor Kt – Temperature factor
Y – Axial load factor
Fr – Radial load Fa – Axial load
V - Rotation factor = 1.0 for inner ring rotation
= 1.2 for outer ring rotation
 DYNAMIC LOAD CAPACITY

C = (L / L10)1/k x P

C = Basic dynamic load capacity

L10 = 1 mr.
K = 3 for ball bearings
= 10 / 3 for roller bearings
L = Required life in million revolutions
DECREASE IN CARRYING CAPACITY AT HIGH
TEMPERATURES
Bearing temp. oC Decrease in
capacity, %

125 5
150 10
175 15
200 25
225 35
250 40
 SERVICE FACTORS FOR BEARINGS
CARRYING GEARED SHAFTS

S
Rotary M/c with no impact 1.1 – 1.5

Reciprocating m/c 1.3 – 1.9

M/c with pronounced impact, 1.6 - 4.0

hammer mills etc.,
 SHOCK OR SERVICE FACTORS, S

Type of load Ball bearing Roller bearing

Constant 1.0 1.0

Light shocks 1.5 1.0
Moderate shocks 2.0 1.3
Heavy shocks 2.5 1.7
Extreme shocks 3.0 2.0
EQUIVALENT BEARING LOAD
Deep Groove ball bearing

Fa / VFr  e X=1 Y=0

Fa / Co e Fa / VFr > e
X Y
0.025 0.22 2.0
0.04 0.24 1.8
0.07 0.27 1.6
0.13 0.31 0.56 1.4
0.25 0.37 1.2
0.50 0.44 1.0
DEEP GROOVE BALL BEARING - SERIES
62

SKF No. d D B Co C Nmax.

mm mm mm Kgf Kgf rpm
6204 20 47 14 655 1000 16000
6205 25 52 15 710 1100 13000
6206 30 62 16 1000 1530 13000
6207 35 72 17 1370 2000 10000
6208 40 80 18 1600 2280 10000
DEEP GROOVE BALL BEARING - SERIES
63

SKF No. d D B Co C Nmax.

mm mm mm Kgf Kgf rpm
6304 20 52 15 765 1250 13000
6305 25 62 17 1040 1660 10000
6306 30 72 19 1460 2200 10000
6307 35 80 21 1760 2600 8000
6308 40 90 23 2200 3200 8000
 SELECTION OF ROLLING CONTACT
BEARINGS
 Data to be given:

1. Load - Radial and / or Axial Load

2. Shaft or Bore diameter

3. Required Life

4. Speed of rotation
 OPTIONAL: Nature of Load / Application,
Type of Bearing
PROBLEM ON BALL BEARINGS
Select a Deep Groove ball bearing for the
following requirements:
Radial Load = 3.6 kN, Axial Load = 1.5 kN
Minimum Shaft Diameter = 25 mm
Speed of the shaft = 300 rpm
Operating Temperature = 125ºC
Required Life: 4 Years, 50 Weeks per Year,
5 Days a Week, 4 Hours per day
 For the selected bearing determine
a) the Probability of Survival and also,
b) the shaft and the housing tolerances.

SOLUTION:
Step 1: Find the Equivalent Load,P
P = ( XVFr + YFa)x Ktx S
Assume, steady / Constant Load S=1.0
Assume, inner ring rotation, V=1.0
Kt = 1.05 for 125º C ie 5 %
X and Y values for deep groove ball bearings
are depend upon three parameters, namely
(Fa/ Co), (Fa/ Fr), and e
where Co is Static Load Capacity. This will be
known only after selecting the bearing. Hence,
an initial selection has to be made based on
shaft diameter and speed of rotation. From the
data book, available deep groove ball bearings
for 25 mm diameter are:
6005, 6205, 6305, and 6405
Initial Selection is made as 6205 bearing
First digit 6 - Deep Groove Ball Bearing
Second digit 2 – Light duty (assumption)
Last two digits are obtained by (Shaft Dia./ 5)
For this bearing,
Static Load Capacity, C0= 6.95 kN
Dynamic Load Capacity, C = 10.8 kN
Therefore, (Fa / Co ) = 1.5 / 6.95
= 0.215
For this (Fa / Co ) value e = 0.36
Next compare this value of e with (Fa/ VFr)
(Fa/ VFr) = (1.5 / 1 x 3.6) =0.416 > 0.36
For (Fa/ VFr)> e, X = 0.56
Y = 1.26 by interpolation
Hence,
P =(( 0.56 x 1 x 3.6) + ( 1.26 x 1.5))x 1.05 x1
= (2.016 + 1.89) x 1.05
= 4.101 kN
Step 2:
Determine the required life, L
L = 4 x 50 x 5 x 4 x 60 x 300
= 72 x 106
= 72 mr
Step 3:
Determine the expected life of the initially
selected bearing, L'10 = (C / P)3
= (10.80/4.101)3
= 18.264 mr.
Compare the life obtained in step 3 with life
required in step 2.
18.264 mr < 72 mr
Hence, 6205 is not suitable.

Using similar steps, 6305 gives 53.25 mr

6405 gives 213.5 mr
Hence, 6405 is selected, for which Co= 19.62 kN
C = 27.71 kN.
 PROBABILITY OF SURVIVAL
L ln (1/p) 1/b

=
L’10 ln (1/p10)

L - Required life of bearing in mr.

L’10- Calculated life of selected bearing,
for the given load for 90% survival.
ln (1/p10) = 0.1053
b = 1.17 for a median life = 5L10
b = 1.34 for a median life = 4.08 L10 (for deep
groove ball bearings)
 PROBABILITY OF SURVIVAL

72 ln (1/p) 1 / 1.34

=
213.5 0.1053

p=
 SHAFT SEATING FOR RADIAL BEARINGS

Rotating inner ring load or direction of loading

indeterminate – Ball bearing

Normal and heavy load

Shaft diameter 18-100 mm
Tolerance j6
 HOUSING SEATING FOR RADIAL BEARINGS

Split or solid housing - stationary outer ring load

All loads - General application

Tolerance - H7
 TOLERANCES

Shaft tolerance - 18-30mm 30-50mm

j6 +09 +11
- 04 - 05

Hole tolerance 50-80mm 80-120mm

H7 +30 +35
00 00
DEEP GROOVE BALL BEARING - SERIES
64

SKF No. d D B Co C Nmax.

mm mm mm Kgf Kgf rpm
6404 20 72 19 1660 2400 8000
6405 25 80 21 2000 2825 7100
6406 30 90 23 2400 3350 6300
6407 35 100 25 3250 4300 5600
6408 40 110 27 3800 5000 5000
 Shaft Dimensions
 Minimum diameter = 25.000 – 0.004
= 24.996 mm

 Maximum diameter = 25.000 + 0.009

= 25.009 mm
 Housing Dimensions
 Minimum diameter = 80.000 mm


Maximum diameter = 80.000 + 0.030
= 80.030 mm