Scribd
Upload
39 views33 pages

IE 447 Computer Integrated Manufacturing: Numerical Control

The document discusses numerical control, which uses numerical data to automatically control manufacturing processes. It describes different types of numerical control including conventional NC, direct numeric control (DNC), and computer numeric control (CNC). The document then covers NC part programming fundamentals such as linear and circular interpolation using G-codes to specify tool motions and positions.

Uploaded by

shahnawaz875
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
39 views33 pages

IE 447 Computer Integrated Manufacturing: Numerical Control

The document discusses numerical control, which uses numerical data to automatically control manufacturing processes. It describes different types of numerical control including conventional NC, direct numeric control (DNC), and computer numeric control (CNC). The document then covers NC part programming fundamentals such as linear and circular interpolation using G-codes to specify tool motions and positions.

Uploaded by

shahnawaz875
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 33

1

IE 447
COMPUTER INTEGRATED
MANUFACTURING

CHAPTER 3
NUMERICAL CONTROL

Prepared by Hamed
2
3

A Definition:
Numerical Control is a system in which
actions are controlled by the direct insertion
of numerical data at some point. The
system must automatically interpret at least
some portion of the data
4

NUMERICAL
DATA
(NC CODE)

NUMERICAL
MANUFACTURING CONTROLLER
OPERATOR
Drive Control

PROCESSED
PART

MACHINE UNIT
5

Types of Numerical Control


• Conventional Numerical Control (NC)
• Direct Numerical Control (DNC)
• Computer Numerical Control (CNC)
6

Conventional Numerical
Control (NC)
Data is sent to the machine tool by means of
punch cards or tapes. The reader at the
machine performs no calculations or
interpolations.
7

Direct Numeric Control (DNC)


Is a method where a single computer
controls many numerical control
machine tools. These machine tools may
or may not be of a similar nature
8

Computer Numerical Control


(CNC)
The idea of computer numerical control is
to position a computer right at the
machine tool. Most, if not all machine tools
that are numericaly controlled are CNC
machine tools.
9

Computer Numerical Control (CNC)


10

Advantages
o Reduces time for o Reduces storage
delivery of part problems
Reduces scrap rate of o Less setup time
material o Reduces actual
o Reduces tooling machining time
costs Allows rapid design
o Reduces layout time changes in part Less
o Increases machine jigs and fixtures are
and tool life needed
11

NC Programming Fundamentals

or how to put the “GO” in your G-


codes
12

NC Part Programming

• Linear tool motion (Milling) relative to the part


13

Example: A Milling Operation


NC CODE (Word Address Format) SPINDLE
STOP !
N50 G00 X15 Y12.5 Z0 SPINDLE
N55 M03 STARTED !
N60 G01 Z-2.5 F500 M08
N65 G01 X50
N70 G01 Y45
N75 G01 X15
N80 G01 Y12.5
N85 G00 Z0 M09
N90 G79 M04 Z Y
X
(0,0,0)
14

Basics of NC Part Programming


• it is always assumed that the tool moves relative to
the work piece no matter what the real situation is.
• The position of the tool is described by using a
Cartesian coordinate system.
• If (0,0,0) position can be described by the operator,
then it is called floating zero.
15

Preparatory Functions (G Codes)


ß Tool motion
ß Rapid traverse G00
ß Positioning command
ß Moves the tool at a rapid feed rate to a specific XYZ
coordinate
ß Takes the shortest route to reach the specified point
ß Format
ß G00 Xx Yy Zz

G-codes
16

Linear Interpolation
ß Moves the tool from its current position to a
specific XYZ coordinate at a specified feed
rate
ß Format
ß G01 Xx Yy Zz ff

G-codes
17

Linear Interpolation

G-codes
18

Circular Interpolations
ß Moves a tool around a circular arc to a
specific XYZ coordinate
ß Requires 5 pieces of information
ß Plane selection
ß Arc start point
ß Rotation direction
ß Arc end point
ß Arc center or arc radius

G-codes
19

Circular Interpolations
ß G02 circular interpolation clockwise around
an arc G03 circular interpolation counter
clockwise around an arc

G-codes
20

How You Tell Directions


ß The direction for G02 can be determined
by rotating from the positive axes
towards the negative axes. The direction
for a G03 is exactly opposite

G-codes
21

Still Going in Circles


ß basic methods
ß Radius method
ß (G02,G03) Xx Yy Rr Ff (on the XY plane)

G-codes
22

Radius Method
ß Requires two entry parameters in the
command the XYZ end point of the arc and
the radius R
ß G02/G03 Xx Yy Zz Rr

G-codes
23
G90 M3 S2000
; G90 -absolute coordinate X45 y45
; M3 - spindle ON
; S - RPM
G0 X0 Y0 Z10
;G0- rapid movement
X10 Y5
Z2 X80
X5
G1 Z-2 F100 y40
y40
;G1- linear movement
;F- feed
X80 F200
X10 Y40
Y5
x80 Y40
x45 y45 X80
x10 y40 X5 y10
x80 y10
x80 y5
g0 z10
x0y0
M30 ; Spindle off G-codes
24

G-codes
25

Quiz
26

Homework #1 - Due date: March 10th

Z=-2

Tool Diameter = 0.5 mm


27

CNC Pro-Light 1000 Machine


28

G-codes
29

Spindle
On/Off

Vice
Open/Close

E-stop
30

1- Machine Home
31

2- Reference Point
32

3. Set position
33

4- Run

You might also like