QAFQAZ UNIVERSITY

Internet Technologies
Dr. Abzetdin ADAMOV
 EVALUATION
• Dİİ – 30%
• MDİA – 20% (quiz – 70%; ders de katılım +
devam – 30%)
• DSİ – 50%
• Toplam – 100 puan

• İBDİA – 10 puan (max) (Referat – kurallara

uygun, min 7 sayfa , Azerice + konuyla bağlı
yazılım ödevi)

• Note: Alınan İBDİA mutlaka sonuçlanmalı

 Internet History
•• In
In 1957,
1957, thethe Soviet
Soviet Union
Union launched
launched the the first
first satellite,
satellite, Sputnik
Sputnik I,I, triggering
triggering
US
US President
President Dwight
Dwight Eisenhower
Eisenhower to to create
create the
the ARPA
ARPA (Advanced
(Advanced
Research
Research Project
Project Agency
Agency )) agency
agency to to regain
regain the
the technological
technological lead lead in
in the
the
arms
arms race.
race.
•• AA special
special computer
computer called
called anan Interface
Interface Message
Message Processor
Processor was was
developed
developed to to realize
realize the
the design,
design, andand thethe ARPANET
ARPANET went went live
live in
in early
early
October,
October, 1969.1969.
•• The
The first
first networking
networking protocol
protocol used
used onon the
the ARPANET
ARPANET was was the the
Network
Network Control
Control Program
Program.. InIn 1983,
1983, itit was
was replaced
replaced with
with thethe TCP/IP
TCP/IP
protocol developed by Robert Kahn
protocol developed by Robert Kahn, Vinton Cerf , Vinton Cerf
•• In
In 1990,
1990, thethe ARPANET
ARPANET was was retired
retired and
and transferred
transferred to to the
the NSFNET
NSFNET
(National
(National Science Foundation Network ). The NSFNET was soon
Science Foundation Network ) . The NSFNET was soon
connected
connected to to the
the CSNET
CSNET,, which
which linked
linked Universities
Universities around
around NorthNorth
America,
America, and then to the EUnet, which connected research facilities
and then to the EUnet , which connected research facilities in
in
Europe.
Europe.
•• The
The useuse ofof the
the Internet
Internet exploded
exploded after
after 1990,
1990, causing
causing thethe USUS Government
Government
to
to transfer
transfer management
management to to independent
independent organizations
organizations starting
starting inin 1995.
1995.
 Internet History
The conceptual foundation for creation of the Internet was
significantly developed by three individuals and a research
conference, each of which changed the way we thought about
technology by accurately predicting its future:
•• Vannevar
Vannevar Bush
Bush wrotewrote the
the first
first visionary
visionary description
description ofof the
the
potential
potential uses
uses for
for information
information technology
technology with with his
his description
description ofof
the
the "memex"
"memex" automated
automated library
library system.
system.
•• Norbert
Norbert Wiener
Wiener invented
invented thethe field
field of
of Cybernetics,
Cybernetics, inspiring
inspiring future
future
researchers
researchers to to focus
focus on
on the
the useuse of of technology
technology to to extend
extend human
human
capabilities.
capabilities.
•• The
The 1956
1956 Dartmouth
Dartmouth Artificial
Artificial Intelligence
Intelligence conference
conference
crystallized
crystallized the
the concept
concept that
that technology
technology was was improving
improving at at an
an
exponential
exponential rate,
rate, and
and provided
provided the the first
first serious
serious consideration
consideration of of
the
the consequences.
consequences.
•• Marshall
Marshall McLuhan
McLuhan made made the the idea
idea of of aa global
global village
village
interconnected
interconnected by by an
an electronic
electronic nervous
nervous system
system part
part of
of our
our
popular
popular culture.
culture.
 Internet Today
Nüfüs Alanı

1500 514,45
Internet Internet

1295 17,07
Çin Rusya

1029 9,97
Hindistan Canada

278 9,62
Amerika Amerika

0 500 1000 1500 0 200 400 600

milyon milyon kilometre kare
Internet Today

Diğer Economi
65.4%

Information
Tecnology
34.6%
 Internet Today
1500 1500
1400
1300
1200 1100
Kullanıcı sayısı (mln.)

1100
1000
900
800
700 650
562 580
600 515
500
460
381
400
300 254
147 155 195
74 102
200
100 16 37 57
0
12.95 12.96 02.97 09.97 01.98 09.98 01.99 08.99 01.00 10.00 04.01 08.01 01.02 05.02 11.02 12.05 12.09
Tarih - Ay / Yıl

NOTE: 2009 sonunda eTForecasts araştırmalarına göre 1.5 milyara ulaşacak

 Internet Today

600
550
Host Sayısı (mln.)

500
450
400
350
300
250
200
150
100
50
0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
в.9 в.9 в.9 в.9 в.9 в.9 в.9 в.9 в.9 в.0 в.0 в.0 в.0 в.0 в.0 в.0 в.0 в.0 в.0
ян ян ян ян ян ян ян ян ян ян ян ян ян ян ян ян ян ян ян
 Foundations of the Web
34,7
20
Kullanıcıların nüfus da yüzdesi (%)

18
16
14 13
12,4
12
10
8,2
8
6
4,1
4
1,5 1,1
2 0,9 0,6 0,59 0,5 0,34 0,32 0,04 0,03
0
EE LV RU LT BY UA KG AM KZ UZ GE MD AZ TM TJ
Ülkenin Internet uzantısı

Note: Bilgiler 2001 yılın Aralık ayına aitdir

 Foundations of the Web
34
32
Kullanıcıların nüfus da yüzdesi (%)

30
28
26
24
22
20 18
18
15
16
14
12 10
10
8 5,2 5
6
3 2,7
4 2,3 2,2 1,8 1,8 1,3
2 0,9 0,8
0
EE LV RU LT BY UA KG AZ AM KZ UZ GE MD TM TJ
Ülkenin Internet uzantısı

Note: Bilgiler 2004 yılın Aralık ayına aitdir

 Foundations of the Web
70 65,6
Kullanıcıların nüfus da yüzdesi (%)

65 59,4 59,2
60
55
50
45
40
35 29,1
30 27,1
25
18,2
20 16,2 14,7 13,8 12,3
15
8,8 7,8
10 6,6 5,8
5 1,4
0
EE LV LT BY RU AZ MD UA KG KZ UZ GE TJ AM TM
Ülkenin Internet uzantısı

Note: Bilgiler 2009 yılın Eylül ayına aitdir

Avarage Internet usage ın the world 21.9%
 Foundations of the Web
8126000
8000000

7000000

6000000
5220000
Data (TB/month)

5000000

4000000 3339000
3000000
2055000
2000000
1267000
1000000 681000
175000 356000
75250
0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
Years

Note: Global Internet traffic

 Foundations of the Web

Note: Protocols that make up Internet traffıc

 Foundations of the WEB
DNS DNS
2 8
SUN SUN

3
1 DNS 7

DNS 5
4

- Ülkeler, şehirler, kullanıcı grupları

 Foundations of the Web
• To build web applications, you first need to
understand the foundations of the web:
– HyperText Transfer Protocol (HTTP)
– HyperText Markup Language and Forms
(HTML)
– Common Gateway Interface (CGI)
– Cookies
– Other Technologies
 Introduction to HTTP
• HyperText Transfer Protocol: The defined
standard of communication between web
browsers and web servers.
• Coverage:
– How does HTTP work?
– What’s the difference between GET and
POST?
– How does it affect my web applications?
– How does it affect application development?
 Web Programming Technologies

• CGI (Common Gateway Interface)

• Perl / DBI / MySQL
• PHP
• JSP (Java Server Pages)
HTML Forms

Other Slide
Teşekkürler