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Module - 1 Introduction

The document discusses the course ENE 440 Environmental Engineering. The course aims to develop students' knowledge of principles of environmental engineering and design and implementation of water supply schemes. Upon completion, students should be able to comprehend public health aspects of water supply, water supply design, water quality monitoring, and water treatment technologies. The course content includes topics like water quality criteria, water consumption estimation, waste water characteristics, and environmental quality standards. The document recommends textbooks and provides modules on introduction to environmental engineering, air pollution, and noise pollution.

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35 views

Module - 1 Introduction

The document discusses the course ENE 440 Environmental Engineering. The course aims to develop students' knowledge of principles of environmental engineering and design and implementation of water supply schemes. Upon completion, students should be able to comprehend public health aspects of water supply, water supply design, water quality monitoring, and water treatment technologies. The course content includes topics like water quality criteria, water consumption estimation, waste water characteristics, and environmental quality standards. The document recommends textbooks and provides modules on introduction to environmental engineering, air pollution, and noise pollution.

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© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 17

Environmental Engineering

ENE 440

8th Semester
Civil Engineering Department, QCET Sahiwal
1
Course Aim
Develop the student’s knowledge of

 Principles of Environmental Engineering.

 To design and Implementation of Water


Supply Schemes.

2
Outcome
 Upon successful completion of the course, the student should
be able to comprehend:

 Public Health Aspect of Water Supply

 Water Supply Design

 Water Quality Monitoring and Sampling

 Water Treatment Technologies

3
TENTATIVE COURSE CONTENT
◦ Introduction to Environmental Engineering
◦ Water Quality Criteria and Standard
◦ Estimation of Water Consumption for Communities
◦ Principles of Process Engineering
◦ Water Treatment
◦ Sources of Waste Water
◦ Characteristics of Municipal and Industrial waste water
◦ Waste Water Treatment
◦ National Environmental Quality Standards
◦ Water Supply and Sewer Appurtenaces

4
WARNINGS !!!
● Study in groups but submit work on your own
● No copying of project / assignments
● Severe penalty in case someone found cheating
● No make up quizzes or projects / assignments
● At least 80 % attendance is mandatory to appear in the exam

5
Recommended Books:

 Water Supply & Waste Water Engineering book

6
Module – 1
Introduction to Environmental
Engineering

7
Introduction to Environmental Engineering

Environmental Engineering

 It is the application of engineering principles towards the protection and enhancement


of the quality of environment and also towards the protection and enhancement of
public health and welfare.

Environment

 In the simplest words environment is every thing that surrounds man. It includes air,
water, soil, plants and animal life.

Worth Of Environmental Engineering

 Design and construction of water supply and sewerage


 Design and construction of water and waste water treatment plants
 Solid waste management
 Air pollution control
 Noise pollution control
 Industrial pollution control

8
Sources of Environmental Pollution
Pollution
 Any condition or substance resulting from human or natural

activity that adversely effect the quality of environment is called


pollution.

Examples

- Human Activity
 Production and disposal of untreated waste water into water

bodies or cutting trees

- Natural Activity
 Volcanic eruption result in disbursement of dust particles, So etc
2
which effect environment. 

9
Major Sources of Environmental Pollution
1) Municipal source
 Domestic Sewage
 Solid Waste

2) Industrial source
 Heavy Metals
 Acid & Alkalies
 Cooling Waters
 Organic Compounds

3) Agriculture source
 Excessive use of Fertilizer
 Excessive use of Pesticide

10
Pollution & Its Effect

 Pollution of Water

 Pollution of Air

 Pollution of Land

11
Introduction to Air Pollution
Definition
 It refer to substances present in atmosphere in concentrations, high

enough to harm humans, animals, plants or other materials

Sources
1. Natural: e.g. smoke from forest fires caused by lightening, volcanic
eruption etc.

2. Anthropogenic: Pollution due to Human activity


 Rapid urbanization with the associated growth is industry and vehicle

use has increased the problems of air pollution.

Major Air Pollutants


 Include: suspended particulate matter CO, SO , NO lead and other
2 x
heavy metals, VOC(Volatile organic compounds e.g. small amount of
unburnt fuel from automobile exhaust).

12
Major Sources of Air Pollution

 Motor Vehicles

 Miscellaneous Industry

 Municipal Solid Waste

 Agriculture

13
Effects of Air Pollution
Short term exposure may result in
 Eye irritation
 Inflammation of respiratory tract
 Suppression of immune system etc.

Long term exposure to toxic air pollutants may


cause
 Cancer, asthama, respiratory infection etc.

Air pollution may result in acidification of lakes,


reduction in crop yield affect plant growth.

14
Noise
Noise

 Sound is called noise when it becomes disagreeable or


loud, particularly when it results in physiological harm.

Measuring Units

 Relative loudness is expressed numerically using the


decibel (db) scale or a modified decibel scale called
decibel-A (dBA) which takes into account high pitched
sounds to which human ear is more sensitive.

15
Effects of Noise
In addition to hearing loss, noise produces a number of
physiological effects in the body and physiological
stresses.

Physiological stresses are


 Increase in heart beat
 Dilates the pupils
 Cause muscle contraction
 Permanent constriction of blood vessels(due to long

exposure resulting in blood pressure)


 Migraine headaches, nausea, dizziness
 Gastric ulcers

16
Sources of Noise & Control Measure

 Road traffic noise

 Air traffic noise

 Neighborhood noise

 Rail traffic noise

 Occupational noise

17

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