Shikhar Verma 1

File Transfer Protocol (FTP) is a standard network protocol used to

copy a file from one host to another over a TCP-based network, such
as the Internet. FTP is built on client-server architecture and utilizes
separate control and data connections between the client and server.

If you take an example of NFS (Network File system) it has an

restriction to it can’t be access from other platform such as windows.
FTP server does not have such a restriction it can be accessed from
Linux OR windows OR OSx.

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Server profile:

Packages : vsftpd
Daemon : vsftpd
Port Numbers : 20, 21
Config file path : /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf

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Let’s see installation and configuration FTP server in RHEL 7.

Whenever we install vsftpd package installed then ftp user will be

created.
ftp user home directory will be set as /var/ftp ftp’s document root
path.
Vsftpd has been very popular because it is a very fast.

Lightweight FTP server and very easy to configure.

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 Directive In Uses
  Vsftpd.conf

anonymous_enable YES Controls whether anonymous logins are permitted or not. If       enabled,
both the usernames ftp and anonymous are recognised as Anonymous
logins.

local_enable YES Controls whether local logins are permitted or not. If enabled,             
normal user accounts in /etc/passwd (or wherever your PAM config
references) may be used to log in. This must be enabling for any non-
anonymous login to work, including virtual users.

write_enable YES This controls whether any FTP commands which change the file system
are allowed or not. These commands are:  STOR,  DELE,  RNFR,RNTO,
MKD, RMD, APPE and SITE.

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local_umask 022 The  value  that the umask for file creation is set to for local
Users.

anon_upload_enable YES If set to YES, anonymous users will be permitted to upload files Under
  certain conditions. For this to work, the option   write_enable must be
But it commented activated, and the anonymous ftp user must   have write permission on
on file, need to desired upload locations. This setting              is also required or virtual
uncomment it. users to upload; by default, virtual   users   are   treated with
anonymous (i.e.  Maximally restricted) privilege.
anon_mkdir_write_enable YES If set to YES, anonymous users will be permitted to  create  new
  Directories under certain conditions.  For this to work, the option
But it commented write_enable must be activated, and the anonymous ftp user must have
on file, need to write permission on the parent directory.
uncomment it.

listen YES If enabled, vsftpd will run in standalone mode. This means that Vsftpd
  must not be run from an inetd of some kind. Instead, the
Vsftpd executable is run once directly. Vsftpd itself will then take care of
listening for and handling incoming connections.

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Directive options Description

userlist_enable YES/NO If enabled, vsftpd will load a list of usernames, from the file name given by
userlist_file. If a user tries to log in using a name in this file, they will be denied
before they are asked for a password. This may be useful in preventing
cleartext passwords being transmitted. See also userlist_deny.

chroot_local_user YES/NO If set to YES, local users will be  (by  default)  placed  in  a chroot()  jail  in 
their  home directory after login.  Warning: This option has security plications,
especially if the users have upload permission, or shell access. Only enable if
you know What you are doing.  Note that these security implications are Not
vsftpd specific. They apply to all FTP daemons which offer To put local users in
chroot() jails.
local_max_rate In kb          The maximum data transfer rate permitted, in bytes per second, for local
Ex: authenticated users.              Default: 0 (unlimited)
local_max_rate=10
00
anon_max_rate in kb The maximum data transfer rate permitted, in bytes per second, for
Ex: anonymous clients.              Default: 0 (unlimited)
anon_max_rate=10
00

no_anon_password YES/NO When  enabled, this prevents vsftpd from asking for an anonymous password –
the anonymous user will log straight in.

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 Here, we will look only into our requirements. Lets disable anonymous login by
editing the following entry in the config file.

 anonymous_enable=NO Allow local users to login in vsftpd.

 local_enable=YES Enable write access to local users.
 write_enable=YES Put the local users into “chroot jailed” so that they will be
denied to access any part of system files
 chroot_local_user=YES Allow chroot user to write.
 allow_writeable_chroot=YES Restart the vsftpd service.

 # systemctl restart vsftpd.service

 Set vsftpd to start at system boot.

 # systemctl enable vsftpd.service

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END of this Course Module.

Thanks
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