Basic SQL Queries

Presented By
Md. Zahid Hasan
[email protected]
এই Lesson এ কি শিখব?
• Create and Delete Database
• Create and Delete Table
• Insert records Into Table
• Delete records into Table
• Update or Modify records into Table
• Read records from Table
• Where and Order By Clause
• Group By Clause
Create and Delete Database

• Create database online_event

• Delete database online_event

online_event
Create Table
CREATE TABLE MyGuests (
id INT(6) UNSIGNED AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
firstname VARCHAR(30) NOT NULL,
lastname VARCHAR(30) NOT NULL,
email VARCHAR(50),
reg_date TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE
CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
)

MyGuests

id firstname lastname email reg_date

Delete Table

drop table MyGuests

MyGuests

id firstname lastname email reg_date

Insert records Into Table
INSERT INTO MyGuests (firstname, lastname, email)
VALUES
('John', 'Doe', '[email protected]')
(‘zahid', hasan', ‘[email protected]')

MyGuests

id firstname lastname email reg_date

1 John Doe [email protected] 04-26-2020

2 zahid hasan [email protected] 04-26-2020

Delete records Into Table

delete * from MyGuests

MyGuests

id firstname lastname email reg_date

1 John Doe [email protected] 04-26-2020

2 zahid hasan [email protected] 04-26-2020

‘Where’ Clause

• The WHERE clause is used to extract only those records that fulfill
a specified condition.
Update or Modify records into Table

• UPDATE MyGuests SET lastname=‘Abraham' WHERE id=1

MyGuests

id firstname lastname email reg_date

1 John Abraham [email protected] 04-26-2020

2 zahid hasan [email protected] 04-26-2020

Read records from Table

SELECT id, firstname, lastname FROM MyGuests

MyGuests

id firstname lastname email reg_date

1 John Abraham [email protected] 04-26-2020

2 zahid hasan [email protected] 04-26-2020

Read Specific records from Table

• SELECT * FROM MyGuests WHERE lastname='Abraham'

MyGuests

id firstname lastname email reg_date

1 John Abraham [email protected] 04-26-2020

2 zahid hasan [email protected] 04-26-2020

 Order By Clause

• The ORDER BY clause is used to sort the result-set in ascending or descending

order.

• The ORDER BY clause sorts the records in ascending order by default. To sort
the records in descending order, use the DESC keyword.

SELECT id, firstname, lastname SELECT id, firstname, lastname

FROM MyGuests ORDER BY lastname FROM MyGuests ORDER BY lastname desc

MyGuests MyGuests
id firstname lastname id firstname lastname

1 John Abraham 2 zahid hasan

2 zahid hasan 1 John Abraham

Group By Clause

• The GROUP BY statement groups rows that have the

same values into summary rows, like "find the number of
customers in each country".

• The GROUP BY statement is often used with aggregate

functions (COUNT, MAX, MIN, SUM, AVG) to group the
result-set by one or more columns.
 Group By Clause

Number Country
1 Germany
2 Mexico
1 UK

SELECT COUNT(CustomerID) as Number, Country FROM Customers

GROUP BY Country;
AGGREGATE FUNCTIONS
AGGREGATE FUNCTIONS
Five (5) aggregate functions namely:

• COUNT

• SUM

• AVG

• MIN

• MAX 
Why use aggregate functions
• From a business perspective, different organization levels have different
information requirements. Top levels managers are usually interested in knowing
whole figures and not necessary the individual details. 
>Aggregate functions allow us to easily produce summarized data from our
database. 

• For instance, from our test database , management may require following reports
> Least rented movies.
> Most rented movies.
> Average number that each movie is rented out in a month.
 COUNT Function movierentals

• The COUNT function

returns the total
number of values in
the specified field. • Let's suppose that we want to get the number of times that
the movie with id 2 has been rented out

• It works on both SELECT COUNT(`movie_id`) FROM `movierentals` WHERE

numeric and non- `movie_id` = 2;
numeric data types.
Output: 3
 DISTINCT Keyword movierentals

• The DISTINCT
keyword that allows
us to omit duplicates
from our results.
SELECT `movie_id` FROM `movierentals`;

SELECT DISTINCT `movie_id` FROM `movierentals`;

MIN function
Movies
• The MIN function
Movie_Name year_released
returns the smallest Sharlock holmes 2003
value in the Quarentine 2005
specified table field.
As an example, let's suppose we want to know the year in which
the oldest movie in our library was released

SELECT MIN(`year_released`) FROM `movies`;

Output: 2003
MAX function
Movies
• The MAX function
Movie_Name year_released
returns the highest Sharlock holmes 2003
value in the Quarentine 2020
specified table field.
As an example, let's suppose we want to know the year in which
the recent movie in our library was released

SELECT MAX(`year_released`) FROM `movies`;

Output: 2020
SUM function
payments

• SUM function which

returns the sum of
all the values in the
specified column.

SELECT SUM(`amount_paid`) FROM `payments`;

Output: 10500
AVG function
payments

• AVG function
returns the average
of the values in a
specified column.

SELECT AVG(`amount_paid`) FROM `payments`;

Output: 3500
 Mysql Aliases
payments

• MySQL aliases are used

to give a table, or a
column in a table, a
temporary name.
• Aliases are often used
to make column
names more readable.
SELECT AVG(`amount_paid`) as Average FROM `payments`;
• An alias only exists for
the duration of the Average
query.
3500
 ‘Between’ and ‘AND’

Select name from instructor where salary between 8000 and 12000;
instructor
instructor
Name salary
Name salary
Zahid 1000
Sobuj 8000
Morium 6000
Moin 11000
Bob 15000

Sobuj 8000

Moin 11000
“Success comes from having dreams that are bigger
than your fears.”
– Bobby Unser