Scribd
Upload
67 views

Lecture 2 DESIGN PROCESS

The document outlines the design process, which includes ideation, refinement, and implementation phases. [1] It describes ideation as involving problem identification, preliminary ideas, and preliminary design. [2] Problem identification comprises defining the problem statement, research, objectives, limitations, and scheduling. [3] Preliminary ideas come from brainstorming and selecting some for further analysis using techniques like Pugh charts.

Uploaded by

levy
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
67 views

Lecture 2 DESIGN PROCESS

The document outlines the design process, which includes ideation, refinement, and implementation phases. [1] It describes ideation as involving problem identification, preliminary ideas, and preliminary design. [2] Problem identification comprises defining the problem statement, research, objectives, limitations, and scheduling. [3] Preliminary ideas come from brainstorming and selecting some for further analysis using techniques like Pugh charts.

Uploaded by

levy
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 28

DESIGN PROCESS

TYPES OF DESIGN PROJECTS

• Not All designs are totally new designs


• Most designs have at least some common features
• Design projects are grouped as
 Modification of an existing Design
Improvement of an existing design
Development of a new product
THE DESIGN PROCESS: IDEATION

• Ideation is a structured approach to thinking for the purpose


of solving a problem
• This is the conceptual phase of the design process
• It comprises of
 Problem identification
 Preliminary ideas
 Preliminary design
THE DESIGN PROCESS: IDEATION

• Ideation is a structured approach to thinking for the purpose


of solving a problem
• This is the conceptual phase of the design process
• It comprises of
 Problem identification
 Preliminary ideas
 Preliminary design
THE DESIGN PROCESS: IDEATION

• Problem Identification
• This includes the following elements
1. Problem statement:
 Summarizes the problem to be solved
 Must be clearly defined before the design process begins.
THE DESIGN PROCESS: IDEATION

2. Research and Data gathering


 Gathers relevant information useful to the design team
 Determines market needs through surveys, mail
questionnaires, interviews etc.
 Benchmarking with other competitors
 This process of researching similar products and technologies and
applying the results to the new design is called synthesis.
THE DESIGN PROCESS: IDEATION

• Problem Identification
3. Objectives
 lists the things to be accomplished by the design team
 may include factors related to manufacturing , materials etc.
4. Limitations
 such as time, material, size, weight, environmental factors,
cost
THE DESIGN PROCESS: IDEATION

• Problem Identification
5. Schedule
 Organizes activities into a sequence
 Gantt charts may be used to plan and schedule simple
projects
 The critical path method (CPM) or Project Evaluation
Management can also be used.
THE DESIGN PROCESS: IDEATION

• A Gantt chart is a visual representation of the activities (tasks or


events) displayed against time in a project
THE DESIGN PROCESS: IDEATION

• In CPM and PERT, activities are scheduled in such a way as to


optimize progress toward completion
THE DESIGN PROCESS:
Preliminary ideas statement
• This is the brainstorming stage
• Brainstorming is the process of suggesting as many solutions to a
problem as possible.
• A brainstorming session normally has a leader or moderator and a
recorder.
• Ideas are suggested freely, without criticism or discussion of feasibility.
• Ends when the free flow of ideas begins to slow down
THE DESIGN PROCESS:
Preliminary ideas statement
Members of the design team
THE DESIGN PROCESS:
Preliminary ideas statement
Taking down minutes:
• Brainstorming results in a list of ideas,
along with some preliminary sketches or
computer models.
• All ideas should be appended to the
meetings.
• Two or more ideas are selected for further
analysis
• Note: the models are not required to be
dimensionally accurate at this stage
THE DESIGN PROCESS:
Preliminary ideas statement
Designers must also have a Notebook for taking meticulous notes to
ensure that ideas and decisions are kept for future reference. This should
contain
• Design sketches
• Notes
• calculations
• Signatures
• dates
THE DESIGN PROCESS:
Preliminary Design
• The ideas are now evaluated against problem statements and
limitations.
• The choice for the final design may be easy if only one design meets
the criteria.
• Usually there is more than one viable design solution. When this
happens, an evaluation table may be used to “score” each design idea
relative to the objectives of the project.
• One such example is the Pugh charts
THE DESIGN PROCESS:
Preliminary Design

• Pugh charts: comparative analysis for engineering decision making


 Binary scale to rate concepts: +1 0 -1
 Good for rough, first-pass concept selection
 Evaluation is based on design objectives or requirements
 Allows identification of “reasonable” ideas in the solution space for
design iteration.
THE DESIGN PROCESS:
Preliminary Design
PUGH CHART
Ideation resources
1. Personal experience

2. Consumer surveys

3. Competition reviews

4. Searches on the Web (Thomas register, CAD vendors …)

5. Etc.
THE DESIGN PROCESS:
REFINEMENT

• Stage for testing the preliminary design and making necessary


changes
• Sketches from the ideation stage are refined to dimensionally
accurate drawings
• Material selection is done in this stage
• Heavily dependent on drawings to document, visualize and
communicate the design idea.
THE DESIGN PROCESS:
REFINEMENT

• Consists of three main areas


 Modelling: the process of presenting abstract ideas, words
and forms through orderly use of simplified images and text
 Design simulations and animations
 Design analysis
THE DESIGN PROCESS:
REFINEMENT
• Modelling may be mathematical models, descriptive or scale models
(shown here).

Rapid prototyping

Paper and Glued Cast/machined

These are also called prototypes: A prototype is an functional or non functional version of a design product. It is
often made with different materials (cheaper and easier to work with) than the final version
THE DESIGN PROCESS:
REFINEMENT
• Design simulations and animations
• Material properties can be assigned to a computer model so that it behaves
and looks like the real product

Simulation
THE DESIGN PROCESS:
REFINEMENT
• Design analysis
• This is further evaluation of the design idea. The analyses performed are
THE DESIGN PROCESS:
REFINEMENT
• Design review meetings
• A design review is a formal meeting where the design team presents
their progress to management.
• Design teams prepare calculations, charts and graphs, sketches,
technical drawings and 3-D models
• The purpose is to determine if the design of the product should
continue or end.
THE DESIGN PROCESS:
IMPLEMENTATION

• Changes the design from idea to product, process, or structure


• The design is final and any changes can be very expensive
• It comprises of
 Planning:

Production

Documenting

 Marketing and financing

Servicing
THE DESIGN PROCESS:
IMPLEMENTATION
• Planning: Determines the most effective method of moving a product
through the production cycle

• Production: the process to transform raw materials into finished products


using labor, equipment, capital and facilities. This process requires

 Bills of materials (BOM)

 Engineering drawings

 Technical specifications etc.


THE DESIGN PROCESS:
IMPLEMENTATION
• Service: Is an activity that supports the installation, training, maintenance and
repair of a product or structure for the consumer.

• Services use technical illustrations and reports to support its activities. These are
included in installation, maintenance and repair manuals

• Documentation: this is the process used to formally record and communicate the
final design solution. These are in the form of 3D drawings (engineering
drawings, technical illustrations, animations, patent drawings, manufacturing
instructions, work instructions etc. )
THE END

You might also like