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Communication: Siti Azilah Atan

1. Effective communication is critical for sport performance and personal growth. Breakdowns often stem from problems between coaches and athletes. 2. The communication process involves a sender encoding a message and choosing a channel to transmit it to a receiver, who decodes and provides feedback. Noise can interfere at any point. 3. Over 50% of communication is nonverbal through appearance, posture, gestures, touching, facial expressions and voice. Coaches must carefully interpret athletes' nonverbal cues.

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Islah
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54 views

Communication: Siti Azilah Atan

1. Effective communication is critical for sport performance and personal growth. Breakdowns often stem from problems between coaches and athletes. 2. The communication process involves a sender encoding a message and choosing a channel to transmit it to a receiver, who decodes and provides feedback. Noise can interfere at any point. 3. Over 50% of communication is nonverbal through appearance, posture, gestures, touching, facial expressions and voice. Coaches must carefully interpret athletes' nonverbal cues.

Uploaded by

Islah
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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COMMUNICATION

SITI AZILAH ATAN


OVERVIEW
• Critical element in the sport environment
• Good communication skills are among the most important ingredients
contributing to sport performance enhancement, personal growth
• Breakdown in communications often are at the root of problems as
coaches talks to athletes
• Ineffective communication may lead individuals to dislike each other,
lose confidence, refuse to listen and disagree and other interpersonal
problems
The Communication Process
The Communication Process
1. Sender 2. Encoding
• The communicator or sender is • Encoding means converting or
the person who is sending the translation the idea into a
message. perceivable form that can be
communicated to others.
The Communication Process
3. Message 4. Channel
• The Sender chooses the medium through
• Once the encoding is finished, which he wants to convey his message to the
the sender gets the message recipient.
that he intends to convey. • It must be selected carefully in order to make
the message effective and correctly
• The message can be written, interpreted by the recipient.
oral, symbolic or non-verbal such • The choice of medium depends on the
interpersonal relationships between the
as body gestures, silence, sighs, sender and the receiver and also on the
sounds, etc. or any other signal urgency of the message being sent.
that triggers the response of a • Oral, virtual, written, sound, gesture, etc. are
receiver. some of the commonly used communication
mediums.
The Communication Process
5. Receiver 6. Decoding
• The receiver is the person for whom • the receiver interprets the
the message is intended or targeted. sender’s message and tries to
• He tries to comprehend it in the best understand it in the best
possible manner such that the possible manner.
communication objective is attained.
• An effective communication
• The degree to which the receiver
decodes the message depends on
occurs only if the receiver
his knowledge of the subject matter, understands the message in
experience, trust and relationship exactly the same way as it was
with the sender. intended by the sender.
The Communication Process
7. Feedback * Noise
• The Feedback is the final step of the The Noise shows the barriers in
process that ensures the receiver has
received the message and interpreted communications. There are
it correctly as it was intended by the chances when the message sent
sender. by the sender is not received by
• It increases the effectiveness of the the recipient.
communication as it permits the
sender to know the efficacy of his
message.
• The response of the receiver can be
verbal or non-verbal.
Types of Communication
COMMUNICATION

INTERPERSONAL: INTRAPERSONAL:
INVOLVES ATLEATS TWO PEOPLE SELFTALK
AND A MEANINGFUL EXCHANGE
• Communication we have with
ourselves (internal dialogue)
• Includes non verbal and verbal
communication • Usually helps and predict how
we act and perform
• Sender ------- receiver
• Affects motivation and behavior
Verbal vs Nonverbal messages
Verbal Nonverbal
• As much as 50% and 70% of human
communication is nonverbal
• Should be sent clearly and
interpreted correctly • Therefore, it is critical for
coaches/leaders to be extremely
• Pick the right time and place to observant of their nonverbal cues
deliver communication as a source of information
• Less likely to be under conscious
control therefore harder to hide
than verbal messages
• Accurate indicators how a person
feels
Nonverbal messages
• It can be interpreted inaccurately, thus we have to be cautious in
giving them meaning/ judge correctly

1. PHYSICAL APPERANCE
2. POSTURE
3. GESTURES
4. BODY POSITION
5. TOUCHING
6. FACIAL EXPRESSIONS
7. VOICE CHARACTERISTICS
1. Physical appearance 2. Posture
• first impressions • Slumpped posture conveys low
• Hairstyle/piercing/ tattoos/ self image/ depressions
clothing/ sloppy • Erect posture coveys
• Have to be careful when confidence/ energy
imparting information from
these
3. Gestures 4. Body Position
• Folding your arms across chest • Personal space between you and
can means that you’re not open others to the position of your
to others body with respect to others
5. Touching 6. Facial expressions
• Most expressive part of your body
• Another powerful form of
nonverbal communication • Eye contact is particularly important in
communication feelings
• Can be used to calm or express • Eye contact means yr listener is
affection (depending on the interested
situation) • Embarrass/uncomfortable –try to avoid
eye contact
• Touching should be restricted to
public places to minimize • Smile and other facial expresions can
both invite verbal communication and
misinterpretation of the elicit feedback about how effective yr
meaning of your touching communivation has been
• 7. Voice characteristics
• Sound of voice can powerfully
reinforce/ undercut verbal
communication
• Voice’s quality often betrays true
feelings, moods, and attitudes
• Include pitch (high or low)
tempo (speed) volume ( loud or
soft) and articulation
Guidelines for sending effective verbal and
nonverbal messages
1. Be direct 7. Deliver messages immediately
2. Be complete and specific 8. Make sure yr messages did not have
hidden agenda
3. Be clear and consistent 9. Be supportive
4. State your needs and feeling 10. Be consistent with yr nonverbal
clearly messages
5. Separate fact from opinion 11. Reinforce with repetition
12. Make sure message is appropriate to
6. Focus on one thing at a time receiver
13. Look for feedback that yr message
was accurately interpreted
Receiving messages effectively
1. Active listening
• Best way to listen –listen actively
• Actives listening enhances communication because the speaker feels that she
is being heard, acknowledged and provide with appropriate feedback
• Good listener shows sensitivity and encourages an open exchange of ideas
and feelings
2. Supportive listening
• You are “with” the speaker and values the person’s message
• Tips for supportive behavior:
• Use supportive behavior as you listen so the sender acknowledged: remain open to new
ideas
• Ued nonverbal/verbal listening: maintaining eye contact, appropriate facial gestures,
open postures, facing the speaker
3. Aware listening
• People react differently to the way you communicate
• Be flexible – different situations require strategies
• Be alert for barriers and breakdown in communication
• Not paying attention
• Lack of trustd
• Different perceptions
Improving communication
Confrontation
• face to face discussion among people in conflict
• When properly used can help both parties understand the issues
more clearly without feeling undue stress, guilt and inadequacy
• When to avoid use confrontation: angry
How to use confrontation
• express feelings constructively- do not attack
• think –take a deep breath, be positive
• understand- try to understand people position
• be empahtic- not antagonistic or sarcastic, never criticized
• Be tentative –
• Proceed gradually – give person time to understand gradually
Constructive criticism
• Positive statement, future oriented and a compliment
• Avoid the negativism that usually accompanies critical remarks
• Allows people to focus on the positive aspects of the behaviour
Breakdowns in Communication
1. Sender failures
• Inconsistent messages/ sender transmit a message poorly/ ambiguous
messages
2. Receivers failure
• Misinterpreting, miscommunication

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