OMD001101

GSM BSC Hardware Structure (AMCM)

ISSUE3.1

Wireless Training Department

 Contents

AM/CM Overall structure

Communication control unit

Central Switching structure

Transmission interface unit

Clock synchronization system

Alarm system
BAM
 AM/CM Overview

AM/CM
overview

Hardware
structure

Functional
structure
 Single Module BSC

But I need a GSM

BAM system with larger
capacity!

BM

1#

One BM can act as a single-

module office, but the
capacity is limited.
 Overview : AM/CM and BM

BAM

AM/CM 0# BAM
80M 80M 80M
BM
BM BM ...... BM
.
1# 2# ………. 8# 1#
multi-module office single-module office
 AM/CM & BM

With AMCM, I can

combine 8 BMs
together to form a BAM
GSM BSS system
with 1024TRXs!
AM/CM 0#
80M 80M 80M

BM BM ...... BM
.
1# 2# ………. 8#
AM/CM Overview

AM
Administration Module

CM
Communication Module
 AM/CM Functions

Traffic and inter- Generate

module signal synchronal
switching signal

AM/CM
functions

Control and Gather alarm

command other information
modules
 BSC Overall Structure
MSC
A
E1

BSC
TC/SM
E1 Asub

AM/CM BAM OMC

BM BM …… BM
… Abis
E1 E1 E1 E1 E1 E1

BTS ¡ ­ BTS BTS ¡ ­ BTS ¡ ­¡ ­ BTS BTS

¡ ­
 Connection Between Modules
MSC
E1

BSC
TC/SM
E1
HDLC
AM/CM BAM OMC
OPTICAL FIBRE

BM BM …… BM
…
E1 E1 E1 E1 E1
E1

BTS ¡ ­ BTS BTS ¡ ­ BTS ¡ ­¡ ­ BTS BTS

¡ ­
AM/CM Overall Structure

AM/CM
overview

Hardware
structure

Functional
structure
 Rack Structure

Clock frame
AM frame
CM frame
CM frame
Active CDB Standby CDB
BAM

AM/CM
 Hardware Configuration (AM/CM)
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25
G G
P P
C C
5 W W 5
K K
C C
S S

G G G G G G G G G G G G G
P P
A M M M M M M M M M M S S
4 W W 4
L C C C C C C C C C C N N
C C
M C C C C C C C C C C T T

P E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E P
3 W 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 W 3
C M M M M M M M M G G M M M M M M M M C
C C
G G G G T T G G G G
P N N P
F F F F F F F F
2 W W 2
B B B B B B B B
C C
I I I I I I I I

1 Active CDB standy CDB 1

0 BAM 0
AM/CM Overall Structure

AM/CM
overview

Hardware
structure

Functional
structure
 System Composition

AM/CM comprises:
Communication control unit
Central switching network
Transmission interface unit
Clock synchronization
Alarm system
BAM
 Functional Structure
TCSM
16-Digit
16位并行

BITS
Parallel总线
Bus

G G G G G G
8K M M M M M M
E3M GCKS
C C C C C C
C C C C C C
0 1 2 3 10 11

32 M
4M
8K

HDLC
HDLC BAM
16K×16K C 2K×2K
T C S
N T N S
N HDLC T N HDLC
0 ALM
1 0 T
1

粗线：32M话路HW
Coarse line: voice
HW32.768M
细线：2M信令HW
GFBI0 GFBI1 Narrow line: signaling GFBIk-1 GFBIk GFBIn-1 GFBIn
HW2.048M

BM#1 BM#k BM#n

 Communication Mode

Mailbox mode
•The communication between GMCC boards is
implemented via the bus by the mailbox mode.
Serial port mode
•Each GMCC provides 2 serial ports.
•Communication between GMCC and GCKS and
GFBI can be implemented via serial ports.
 Communication Mode

HDLC mode
• GMCCM boards communicate with
GCTN,GSNT,GALM and BAM via HDLC links.
• GMCCS boards communicate with E3M and GCTN
via HDLC links.
• GMCCS boards communicate with the GMC2 board
in BM via the HDLC link.
HDLC: High level Data Link Control protocol
 Contents

AM/CM Overall structure

Communication control unit

Central Switching structure

Transmission interface unit

Clock synchronization system

Alarm system
BAM
 Composition

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

P G G G G G G G G G G P
G G G
M M M M M M M M M M
A S S
W C C C C C C C C C C W
L N N
C C C C C C C C C C
M T T
C 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 C

Board ID

The communication control unit

enables the management and
control of the whole system.
 GMCC

 The communication control center

 According to the function and locations, GMCC
can be divided into two types:
GMCCM （ Master GMCC ）
GMCCS （ Slave GMCC ）
 Communication mode: Mailbox
 GMCCM & GMCCS

The same hardware

Differences:
The switch on board: S2
S2 is set as "ON" ----- MCCM
S2 is set as "OFF" ----- MCCS
Location
MCCM ---- 16 & 15# slots
MCCS ---- 7~14# slots
Loaded software is different
 GMCCM

Function: main control CPU

Administrative equipment in AM/CM
Control the communication between front
& back station
Working mode:
Active / Standby Mode
 Location of GMCCM

GCTN
HDLC

HDLC HDLC
GALM GSNT BAM
HDLC

GMCCM GMCCS GMCCS GMCCS

BUS
 Loading Mode

Flash Memory DRAM

Program

Data

CPU
2
3
GMCC
1

Program Data
BAM
 GMCC Toggle Switch

S1 setting:
 S1-4: If program/data on Flash Memory can be used or not
ON—used OFF-- not used
 S1-3 If write program/data to Flash Memory or not,
ON—write OFF--not write
S1-2 default ON
 S1-1 default OFF
 GMCC Toggle Switch

S2 setting:
All are set as "ON": GMCCM
All are set as "OFF": GMCCS

SW1: a reset button on the panel.

 GMCC Indicators

Indicator Color Meaning

working indicator£ ¬ if the board is
RUN red normal, the light flashes at the
interval of a second.
Master/slave indicator£ ¬the light is
M/R green on when the board is master and
is off when the board is slave.
Loading indicator£ ¬ the light
flashes fast when loading, the
LOAD green light is on when the board ask to
be loaded, the light is off when the
board work properly.
 GMCCS

 GMCCS board is an Inter-module communication cont

rol board.
 The GMCCS boards provide signaling communication
links for BM and AM/CM, and forwards the control inf
ormation from BM to BM.
 The GMCCS boards also provide serial ports for the G
FBI board maintenance.
 2 adjacent GMCCSs work in load - sharing mode.
 Location of GMCCS

E3M GFBI GFBI

HDLC

HDLC
GSNT GCTN
HDLC

GMCCM GMCCS GMCCS GMCCS

BUS
 GSNT

GSNT is the inter-module signal switching center

of AM/CM.
It is used to implement the switching of inter-
module signal information and provide the BSC
with load channels
GSNT receives the clock from clock frame, and
provides the clock for GMCC, GALM, BAM.
 Location of GSNT

0 15 16 31

GFBI0 GFBI15 GFBI16 GFBI31

32 33
HDLC
GCTN 51

GALM
34 35 GSNT 49
BAM
HDLC
36 37 47

GMCC0 GMCC1 GMCC9

BUS0
BUS1
 GSNT Toggle Switch

S1: on GSNT panel, it is a 4-bit toggle switch.

 S1-4: If program/data on Flash Memory can be used or
not .
ON--be used OFF--not be used
 S1-3: If write program/data to Flash Memory or not.
ON--write OFF--not write
 S1-2: default ON
 S1-1: default OFF
 SW1: on GSNT panel, reset switch
 GSNT Indicator

Indicator color meaning

working indicator ， if the board is
RUN red normal, the light flashes at the interval
of a second.
Master/slave indicator ， the light is on
green when the board is master and is off
M/R when the board is slave.

Link indicator, the light is on when the

LKS green link between GMCCM is failed and is
off when the link is normal.
 Distributed Control Structure

FBI
GMCCS
E3M
GMCCM

FBI
GMCCS
E3M

AM/CM adopts 3 levels distributed control structure:

The 1st level is GMCCM
The 2nd level comprises GMCCS, GCTN, GSNT, and GALM
The 3rd level comprises other boards in AM/CM
 Contents

AM/CM Overall structure

Communication control unit

Central Switching structure

Transmission interface unit

Clock synchronization system

Alarm system
BAM
 Central Switching Structure

The central switching network mainly performs the

switching of traffic channels
The functions are implemented by the GCTN
 Network Structure

AM/CM
GCTN
2×HHW

GFBI GFBI ………. GFBI

GOPT GOPT GOPT GOPT

1×HHW ¡ ­
GNET GNET
BM BM

HHW=16HWs, 32Mbps
 GCTN

GCTN is central switching network board, GCTN: 16K×16

K, T network
Self-Checking function and Clock checking
Communication with GMCC across HDLC
Providing switchover function of GCTNs
 GCTN Toggle Switch

S1: on GCTN backboard, 4-bit toggle switch

 S1-4 If program/data on Flash Memory can be used or not
ON--be used OFF--be not used
 S1-3 If write program/data to Flash Memory or not
ON--write OFF--not write
 S1-2 default ON
 S1-1 default OFF
 GCTN Indicators

Indicator color meaning

working indicator, if the board is
RUN red normal, the light flashes at the
interval of a second.
Master/slave indicator, the light is
ACT green on when the board is master and is
off when the board is slave.
Fault indicator, the light is on or
ENA green flashing when the board is failed,
and is off when it is normal.
 Contents

AM/CM Overall structure

Communication control unit

Central Switching structure

Transmission interface unit

Clock synchronization system

Alarm system
BAM
 Transmission Interface Unit

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

P E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E P
W 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 W
C M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M C
C C
T T
G G G G N N G G G G
P P
F F F F F F F F
W W
B B B B B B B B
C C
I I I I I I I I
 Location of GFBI

GSNT GCTN Coarse line: voice

channel HW,
32.768M
GFBI GFBI Narrow line:
signaling HW,
2.048M
FBC FBC
 GFBI

GFBI is the optical fiber interface board. It's major

function is to provide 40.96Mbps optical channel
between BM and AM/CM.

32Mbps 2Mbps 2Mbps 4Mbps

speech signaling sync errorcheck

32Mbps---for voice
2Mbps---for signaling
2Mbps---for synchronization
4Mbps---for overhead of error-check and correction
 GFBI Indicator

Indicator Color Meaning

Working indicator, the light flashes at the interval of 1 second when
RUN red the board works normally, when the light flashes at the interval of 0.25
second, the serial port doesn't work.
Serial port indicator, the light is on when the first serial port is chose,
GNOD green
and it is off when the second serial port is chose.
Active and standby indicator of optical channel 1 or 2, the ACT1 light is
ACT1
green on when the first optical channel is active, and is off when this optical
ACT2
channel is standby. The same as ACT2.

RNL1 The light is on when the first optical channel cannot receive the optical
green
RNL2 signal, and is off when it receives optical signal. The same as RNL2.

Indicator of lossing of synchronization, the LFA1 light is on when the

LFA1
green first optical channel is out of synchronization, and is off when the
LFA2
optical channel is synchronous. The same as LFA2.
BER1 Error indicator, the light is off when no error codes are received, and
green
BER2 it is on when there are some error code.
RMT1 Alarm indicator of BM side, the light is off when GOPT is normal, and
green
RMT2 is on when the GOPT is failed.
 FBC

FBC: Optical/electric conversion board

It is responsible for optical / electric
conversion and electric / optical conversion

40Mbps 40Mbps
GFBI FBC optical signal
electrial
signal
BM
 Optical Port on FBC

There are 4 optical ports on FBC board.

From top to bottom, the 4 ports are :
LDX1: transmitter port of first optical channel
LDX2: receiver port of first optical channel
LDY1: transmitter port of second optical channel
LDY2: receiver port of second optical channel
Optical Fibre Connection

AM/CM

GFBI+FBC

optical fiber
(a pair) optical fiber
(a pair)

GOPT

BM
 Optical Channel Allocation

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23

0 2 4 6 16 18 20 22

1 3 5 7 G G 17 19 21 23
C C
T T
8 10 12 14 N N 24 26 28 30

9 11 13 15 25 27 29 31

optical
channel
No.
 Transmission Interface Unit

FBI0 FBI2

0 0 2 2
1 1 3 3

AM/CM
BM

G G G G
O O O O
P P P P
T T T T
0 1 0 1
BM1 BM2

FBC work in load sharing mode

 Enhanced Sub-multiplex Board E3M

E3M TCSM GDTM

E1 E1×4
BSC 16Kbps 64Kbps MSC

Each E3M board provide 5 E1 interfaces.

Each two E3M boards can supply one BM module.
 E1 Driving Board DRC

DRC board inter-working with E3M provides E1 interface

to the outside. DRC board is inserted on the Back of
inserting frame
 Contents

AM/CM Overall structure

Communication control unit

Central Switching structure

Transmission interface unit

Clock synchronization system

Alarm system
BAM
 Clock Synchronization System

Clock Synchronization System

 phase-locks the clock reference sources of
the upper-level MSC or BITS
 Clock synchronization system provides
with the standard level-2 A-type Clock
 The functions are implemented by GCKS
 Clock Sync. System Structure

MSC GMCC
BITS
GPS GCKS GSN T
GALM

GCTN GFBI BM
 GCKS Indicator

RUN ： red, communication indicator

ACT ： green, active and standby
indicator
F1 ： green, fault indicator

MOD ： clock working mode indicator

OFF ： free-run
Flash fast ： Fast Pull-in
Flash slowly ： Locked
ON ： Hold-over
 Clock Control Structure

GMCCM

Serial Serial
Port Port

GCKS GCKS
 Contents

AM/CM Overall structure

Communication control unit

Central Switching structure

Transmission interface unit

Clock synchronization system

Alarm system
BAM
 AM/CM Alarm System

Alarm system
 The alarm system enables alarm
collection and alarm box driving
 It comprises the GALM board,
alarm box and alarm console
 GALM

GALM: Alarm communication board

 The GALM provides hardware interfaces
for equipment environmental alarms
 GALM sends alarm message to alarm box
and OMC alarm console
 GALM Toggle Switch

The switch S1 on PCB.

GALM in AM/CM: S1-4 is
ON, other bits are OFF.
GALM in BM: S1-2 is ON,
other bits are OFF.
 Alarm system

G
M
C
C BAM
M OMC alarm console

Serial port

HDLC G BSC alarm box

A
L
M

environment alarm
 Contents

AM/CM Overall structure

Communication control unit

Central Switching structure

Transmission interface unit

Clock synchronization system

Alarm system
BAM
 BAM

BAM
 BAM is the communication bridge
between the BSC and OMC
 It can execute operation and
maintenance on BSC
 BAM structure

Remote/centralized maintenance system

RI/CI

RI Network
peripheral CI
Interface
MCP

HDLC

BSC main system

 Location of the bam in the system

BSC

BAM PSTN/DDN
MSC /X.25/LAN

OMC Server
BAM

BSC

BAM
Work Station Work Station
(WS) (WS)
 CDB

AM/CM

GMPU GMPU GMPU

¡ ­¡ ­
GMEM GMEM GMEM
BM1 BM2 BMn Ethernet
Network
CDB
Server

In M900/M1800 BSC, CDB central database adopts

centralized database planning. Respective basic modules BM
communicates with CDB via Ether net interface provided by
a database interface board (GMEM)
 Summary

The overall structure

functional units

boards on AM/CM
 References

 M900/M1800 Base Station Controller Technical Manual

 1. System Overview
 2. Hardware Description
 4. System Application