DRUG EDUCATION

Presented by: PHILIP C. DIMACULANGAN

NSTP – Coordinator/Instructor
Objectives:
At the end of the session, students must be able to:

 explainin their own words the meaning of drug and

drug abuse;
 describe symptoms of drug addiction;
 identifythe immediate and long term effects of drug
abuse, and
 recognizethe importance of PDEA in the prevention of
drug abuse
 Discussion:

Drug education has become part of the Philippine curriculum since

the late 80s. The Philippine government at that time recognized the
need to educate the youth about the ill effects of using drugs. The
National Drug Education Program of the Department of Education
aims to prevent drug abuse among students through the
development of desirable values, attitudes and practices.
A drug is a chemical substance that brings about physical,
emotional or behavioral change in a person taking it. It is any
substance other than food or water that is intended to be taken or
administered for the purpose of altering, sustaining or controlling
the recipient’s physical, mental or emotional state.
DRUG OF CHOICE
 DRUG OF CHOICE
 Shabu - (Methamphetamine Hydrochloride); with a street
name known as the poor man’s cocaine, Meth, Ice, Speed,
Shab’s, “S”, Shasha, Ubas, Bato, Tobats, Siopao, Splash,
Items etc.
 Marijuana or Cannabis – (Cannabis Sativa-plants;
Tetrahydrocannabinol-process); with a street name known as
Mary Jane, MJ, Doodie, Pampapogi, Brownies, Damo, Pot,
Tea, Joint, Dope, Jutes, Chongki, Weed, Ganja, Hushies,
etc.
 Ecstacy – (3-4 Methylene DioxyMethamphetamine or
MDMA); with a street name known as Designer’s drug, X,
XTC, Rave, E, Eckie, Love Drug, Flying Saucer, LBD or
Libido, Jagged Little Pill, Adam, Eve, Artist Drug, Hug Drug,
 CLASSIFICATION OF DRUGS
 According to Origin
 Natural - anything that comes from nature. Ex. Plants (Marijuana) and
Animals (Snake venom - snakebites)
 Synthetic - anything that is produced artificially or processed in the
laboratory.
Ex. Shabu
According to Effects
 Inhalants - Volatile chemical substances that contain psycho-active
(mind/mood altering) vapors to produce a state of intoxication.
Ex: Glue and Adhesive Cement / Rugby / Super Glue / Thinner.
 Narcotics - The term narcotic, derived from the Greek word for
stupor, originally referred to a variety of substances that induced
sleep. It is also called OPIATES, which is medically used to relieve
pain. When abused it causes insensibility, stupor, and dullness of
mind with delusions. (Ex: Cough syrups, Opium, Cocaine, Morphine,
Heroine)
 IMMEDIATE EFFECTS WITHDRAWAL SYNDROME

1. Restlessness 1. Uneasiness

2. Nausea and vomiting 2. Diarrhea

3. For every large dosage; cannot be awakened 3. Abdominal cramps

4. Smaller pupils 4. Chills

5. Cold, moist and bluish skin 5. Sweating

6. Slowed down breathing 6. Nausea

7. Death 7. Runny nose and eyes

 CLASSIFICATION OF DRUGS
o Stimulants - They are also known as “uppers”. Any of a group
of drugs that excite the central nervous system, which
increase alertness, alleviates fatigue, reduce hunger and
provide a feeling of well-being. (Ex. Cocaine/Amphetamine
i.e. SHABU)
IMMEDIATE EFFECTS
1. Dilated pupils
2. Increase in blood pressure/ heart rate/ breathing rate/ body
temperature
3. Involuntary muscle twitching
4. A sense of well being
5. Feels energetic and alert
6. Less hunger
7. Slurred speech
 CLASSIFICATION OF DRUGS
Depressants - They are also called as “downers” or “barbs”.
Any drug or chemical that decreases the activity of any
bodily function. The term most often is used to refer to drugs
that reduce the activity of the central nervous system. (Ex:
Sedatives / Sleeping Pills / Tranquilizers).
IMMEDIATE EFFECTS WITHDRAWAL SYNDROME
1. Small doses: calmness and relaxation 1. Psychosis
2. Large doses: slurred speech, staggering, 2. Restlessness
poor judgment, slow body movements and 3. Irritability/anxiety
uncertain reflexes 4. Sleeplessness
3. Overdose: unconsciousness/ Death 5. Stuffy or running nose
6. Ulcerated mucous membrane of nose
7. Lung damage
8. Confusion
9. Slurred speech
 CLASSIFICATION OF DRUGS
Hallucinogens - They are also called psychedelics. They were first developed
as appetite suppressant, one of a large number of natural or synthetic
psychoactive drugs that produce marked distortions of the senses and changes
in perception. They are drugs capable of provoking changes in sensation,
thinking, self-awareness and emotion and an alteration of time and space
perception and hallucination. (Ex: MJ / LSD / Ecstasy / Ketamine)
 CLASSIFICATION OF DRUGS
IMMEDIATE EFFECTS LONG TERM EFFECTS
Hallucinations/Illusions Psychiatric consequences
Faster heart beat and pulse rate Severe irritation of the nasal passages that they may become prone
to frequent nose bleed

Bloodshot eye/Blurred Injecting MDMA from contaminated needles may lead to risk of
vision/Rapid Eye Movement infections resulting in inflammation of the blood vessels, infection of
(REM) the heart valves, blood poisoning and AIDS all of which can lead to
death
Dry mouth and throat Renal damage heart disease and strokes
Forgetfulness/Inability to think  

Altered sense of  
time/Disorientation
Impaired reflexes coordination  
and concentration

Acute panic anxiety reaction  

Appetite loss and sleeping  

problems (MDMA)

“Food-trip” and sleepiness (MJ)

Common Signs of Drug Abuse
Common Signs of Drug Abuse
1. Injection marks of an addict
2. Unusual effort made to cover arms in order to hide needle marks
3. Stealing items which can be readily sold for cash (to support a drug
habit)
4. Changes in mood – depending on the drug taken. Example: depressed
or becoming elated and euphoric.
5. Association with known drug abusers
6. Change from normal capabilities (work habits, efficiency, etc.)
7. Change in attendance at work or school
8. Wearing sunglasses constantly at inappropriate times (for instance,
indoors or at night) or only to hide dilated or constricted pupils but also
to compensate for the eyes’ inability to adjust to sunlight. Marijuana
causes bloodshot eyes.
9. Poor physical appearance, including inattention to dress and personal
hygiene
ADDITIONAL READING.
PHILIPPINE DRUG ENFORCEMENT AGENCY
 
Republic Act No. 9165 passed on June 7, 2001, also called as the
“Comprehensive Dangerous Drugs Act of 2002” created the Philippine Drug
Enforcement Agency (PDEA) which consists of 13 articles and 1002 sections.
 
Section 82. Creation of the Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency (PDEA). – To
carry out the provisions of this Act, the PDEA, which serves as the implementing
arm of the Board, shall be responsible for the efficient and effective law
enforcement of all the provisions on any dangerous drug and/or controlled
precursor and essential chemical as provided in this Act.
 
The PDEA shall be headed by a Director General with the rank of Undersecretary,
who shall be responsible for the general administration and management of the
Agency. The Director General of the PDEA shall be appointed by the President of
the Philippines and shall perform such other duties that may be assigned to
him/her. He/she must possess adequate knowledge, training and experience in
the field of dangerous drugs, and in any of the following fields: law enforcement,
law, medicine, criminology, psychology or social work.
ADDITIONAL READING.
The Director General of the PDEA shall be assisted in the performance of
his/her duties and responsibilities by two (2) deputies’ director general with
the rank of Assistant Secretary; one for Operations and the other one for
Administration. The two (2) deputies’ director general shall likewise be
appointed by the President of the Philippines upon recommendation of the
Board. The two (2) deputies’ director general shall possess the same
qualifications as those of the Director General of the PDEA. The Director
General and the two (2) deputies’ director general shall receive the
compensation and salaries as prescribed by law.
 
Section 83. Organization of the PDEA. – The present Secretariat of the
National Drug Law Enforcement and Prevention Coordinating Center as
created by Executive Order No. 61 shall be accordingly modified and
absorbed by the PDEA.
The Director General of the PDEA shall be responsible for the necessary
changes in the organizational set-up which shall be submitted to the Board
for approval.
ADDITIONAL READING.
For purposes of carrying out its duties and powers as provided for in the
succeeding Section of this Act, the PDEA shall have the following Services,
namely: Intelligence and Investigation; International Cooperation and
Foreign Affairs; Preventive Education and Community Involvement; Plans
and Operations; Compliance; Legal and Prosecution; Administrative and
Human Resource; Financial Management; Logistics Management; and
Internal Affairs.
 
The PDEA shall establish and maintain regional offices in the different
regions of the country which shall be responsible for the implementation of
this Act and the policies, programs, and projects of said agency in their
respective regions.
 ADDITIONAL READING.
Section 84. Powers and Duties of the PDEA. – The PDEA shall:
 
(a) Implement or cause the efficient and effective implementation of the national
drug control strategy formulated by the Board thereby carrying out a national drug
campaign program which shall include drug law enforcement, control and
prevention campaign with the assistance of concerned government agencies;
 
(b) Undertake the enforcement of the provisions of Article II of this Act relative to
the unlawful acts and penalties involving any dangerous drug and/or controlled
precursor and essential chemical and investigate all violators and other matters
involved in the commission of any crime relative to the use, abuse or trafficking of
any dangerous drug and/or controlled precursor and essential chemical as
provided for in this Act and the provisions of Presidential Decree No. 1619;
 
(c) Administer oath, issue subpoena and subpoena duces tecum relative to the
conduct of investigation involving the violations of this Act;
 
(d) Arrest and apprehend as well as search all violators and seize or confiscate,
the effects or proceeds of the crimes as provided by law and take custody
thereof, for this purpose the prosecutors and enforcement agents are authorized
to possess firearms, in accordance with existing laws;
 ADDITIONAL READING.
Section 84. Powers and Duties of the PDEA. – The PDEA shall:
 
(e) Take charge and have custody of all dangerous drugs and/or controlled
precursors and essential chemicals seized, confiscated or surrendered to any
national, provincial or local law enforcement agency, if no longer needed for
purposes of evidence in court;
 
(f) Establish forensic laboratories in each PNP office in every province and city in
order to facilitate action on seized or confiscated drugs, thereby hastening its
destruction without delay;
 
(g) Recommend to the DOJ the forfeiture of properties and other assets of persons
and/or corporations found to be violating the provisions of this Act and in
accordance with the pertinent provisions of the Anti-Money-Laundering Act of 2001;
 
(h) Prepare for prosecution or cause the filing of appropriate criminal and civil cases
for violation of all laws on dangerous drugs, controlled precursors and essential
chemicals, and other similarly controlled substances, and assist, support and
coordinate with other government agencies for the proper and effective prosecution
of the same;
 ADDITIONAL READING.
Section 84. Powers and Duties of the PDEA. – The PDEA shall:
 
(j) Conduct eradication programs to destroy wild or illegal growth of plants from
which dangerous drugs may be extracted;
 
(k) Initiate and undertake the formation of a nationwide organization which shall
coordinate and supervise all activities against drug abuse in every province, city,
municipality and barangay with the active and direct participation of all such local
government units and nongovernmental organizations, including the citizenry,
subject to the provisions of previously formulated programs of action against
dangerous drugs;
 
(l) Establish and maintain a national drug intelligence system in cooperation with law
enforcement agencies, other government agencies/offices and local government
units that will assist in its apprehension of big-time drug lords;
 
(m) Establish and maintain close coordination, cooperation and linkages with
international drug control and administration agencies and organizations, and
implement the applicable provisions of international conventions and agreements
related to dangerous drugs to which the Philippines is a signatory;
ADDITIONAL READING.

Section 84. Powers and Duties of the PDEA. – The PDEA shall:
 
(n) Create and maintain an efficient special enforcement unit to conduct an
investigation, file charges and transmit evidence to the proper court, wherein
members of the said unit shall possess suitable and adequate firearms for their
protection in connection with the performance of their duties: Provided, That no
previous special permit for such possession shall be required;
 
(o) Require all government and private hospitals, clinics, doctors, dentists and other
practitioners to submit a report to it, in coordination with the Board, about all
dangerous drugs and/or controlled precursors and essential chemicals which they
have attended to for data and information purposes;
 
(p) Coordinate with the Board for the facilitation of the issuance of necessary
guidelines, rules and regulations for the proper implementation of this Act;
 
ADDITIONAL READING.

Section 84. Powers and Duties of the PDEA. – The PDEA shall:
 
 
(q) Initiate and undertake a national campaign for drug prevention and drug control
programs, where it may enlist the assistance of any department, bureau, office,
agency or instrumentality of the government, including government-owned and or
controlled corporations, in the anti-illegal drugs drive, which may include the use of
their respective personnel, facilities, and resources for a more resolute detection
and investigation of drug-related crimes and prosecution of the drug traffickers; and
 
(r) Submit annual and periodic reports to the Board as may be required from time to
time, and perform such other functions as may be authorized or required under
existing laws and as directed by the President himself/herself or as recommended
by the congressional committees concerned.