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Hypothesis 1

This document defines and provides examples of hypotheses. A hypothesis is a conjectured, testable statement about the relationship between two or more variables. It serves to focus a study by indicating what data to collect and helps add to theory formulation. Hypotheses can be justified logically or empirically. Null hypotheses assume no relationship or difference, while alternative hypotheses predict a relationship or difference. Good hypotheses are conceptually clear, specific in scope, involve relationships between variables, testable, consistent with known facts, and comprehensive.

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Umesh kathariya
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41 views11 pages

Hypothesis 1

This document defines and provides examples of hypotheses. A hypothesis is a conjectured, testable statement about the relationship between two or more variables. It serves to focus a study by indicating what data to collect and helps add to theory formulation. Hypotheses can be justified logically or empirically. Null hypotheses assume no relationship or difference, while alternative hypotheses predict a relationship or difference. Good hypotheses are conceptually clear, specific in scope, involve relationships between variables, testable, consistent with known facts, and comprehensive.

Uploaded by

Umesh kathariya
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Hypothesis

KBK
Concept
 Hypo =Less than + Thesis
 It is basically a working assumption.
 It predicts a particular relationship among
variables.
 It is stated in testable form.
 Hypothesis is a tentative solution of the problem
facing the scientist.
Definition
 Kerlinger(1986): " A hypothesis
is a conjectured statement that
implies or states a relationship
between two or more variables.
Function of hypothesis
 It tells what specific aspects of a
research problem to investigate.
 It tells what data to collect and what
not to collect.
 enhances objectivity in a study.
 enables to add to the formulation of
theory.
 enables to specifically conclude what is
true or what is false.
formulation of hypothesis
 It is derived from the statement of the
problem
 It is more operational than the problem
statement.
 two grounds on which a hypothesis may
be justified.i.e. Logical and empirical.
Example of null hypothesis

 Ho: There is no difference between male and female


statistically in their productivity.
 Statistically expressed:
 Ho: u1 = u2
 Where, Ho: = the null hypothesis; u1: the productivity
of male workers; u2: = the productivity of female
workers.
Example of alternative hypothesis
 The alternative hypothesis, which is the opposite of the null, is
a statement expressing a relationship between two variables or
indicating differences between groups.

 Ha: Male workers will have more productivity than female


workers, or female workers will have less productivity than male
workers.
 Statistically expressed:
 Ha: u1 is greater than u2
 Where, Ha: = the alternative hypothesis; u1: the productivity of
male workers; u2: = the productivity of female workers
some examples of null and alternate hypotheses

Ho: = There is no relationship working conditions and job


satisfaction of employees.
Ha: = If the working conditions are improved, then the job
satisfaction of employees will improve.
Ho: = There is no difference between male and female
workers in their organizational commitment.
  Ha: = Male workers will have greater organizational
commitment than female workers.
 
Contd..
Ho: = There is no relationship between pay and
productivity.
Ha: = Pay and productivity are positively related.
 
Ho: = Working conditions, pay and fringe benefits have
no influence on job satisfaction of workers.
Ha: = Working conditions, pay and fringe benefits all
have positive influence on job satisfaction of workers.
Criteria of Good Hypothesis
Research
 Conceptually Clear
 Specific (limited in scope)
 Relationship between two or more
variables
 Testable empirically
 Consistent with most known facts
 Comprehensive
The End

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