W-Paging Problem

Optimization Guide

www.huawei.com

Copyright © 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

 Foreword
 Paging is associated with the paging success rate of the network.
It’s closely related to the whole network performance. This KPI
can be optimized by means of “paging test” and the consequent
trouble-shooting based on paging failure analysis.

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Learning Guide
 Before learn this course, you should have:
 Learned WCDMA signaling flow

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 References
 “WCDMA Signaling Flow”
 “3GPP R7 25_series”

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 Objectives
 Upon completion of this course, you will be able to:
 Collect data regarding paging problem
 Locate paging problem
 Solve the located paging problem
 Analyze the typical paging cases

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 Contents
1. Paging Overview

2. Paging Problem Analysis Process

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Paging Initiation
 CN initiated paging
 Establish a signaling connection

 UTRAN initiated paging

 Trigger the cell update procedure
 Trigger reading of updated system information

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Paging Type 1
 If UE is in CELL_PCH,URA_PCH or IDLE state ， the paging
message will be transmitted on PCCH with paging type 1
CN RNC1 RNC2 NODEB1.1 NODEB2.1 UE

PAGING
RANAP RANAP

RANAP PAGING RANAP

PCCH: PAGING TYPE 1

PCCH: PAGING TYPE 1

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Paging Type 2
 If UE is in CELL_DCH or CELL_FACH state ， the paging
message will be transmitted on DCCH with paging type 2
CN SRNC UE

PAGING
RANAP RANAP

DCCH: PAGING TYPE 2

RRC RRC

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Paging Overview
CN Initiated Paging UTRAN Initiated Paging
Paging Type 1 Applicable Applicable
Paging Type 2 Applicable Not Applicable

 Paging type 2 could be considered as normal RRC signaling, no more

discussion about this part, for more detailed information, please refer to
the “WCDMA Signaling Procedure”
 Paging type 1 is the emphasis of this course

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 Contents
1. Paging Overview

2. Paging Problem Analysis Process

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 Contents
2. Paging Problem Analysis Process

2.1 Problem Analysis Flow

2.2 Network Information Collection

2.3 Optimization Target Confirmation

2.4 Paging Problem Locating

2.5 Typical Paging Problem Analysis

2.6 Optimization Verification

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Flow for Analyzing Paging Problems
Collect network information

Identify optimization goal

Locate paging problem

Optimize paging problem

Optimization verification

NO
Optimization goal achieved?
YES

END

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 Contents
2. Paging Problem Analysis Process

2.1 Problem Analysis Flow

2.2 Network Information Collection

2.3 Optimization target Confirmation

2.4 Paging Problem Locating

2.5 Typical Paging Problem Analysis

2.6 Optimization Verification

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Network Information Collection Overview

 Data of network to be optimized could be collected by the

following ways:
 Statistics
 Alarm
 Customers’ complaint
 Network planning info & optimization record
 Radio parameter configuration

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Network Information Collection

 Traffic statistics
 The paging-related traffic statistics can be observed respectively on
the traffic statistics console of RNC, UMSC and SGSN according to
different paging areas
 CN_PAGE_IDLE_UE_SUCC_RATE, which is paging success rate
of UE in idle state initiated by CN
 UTRAN_PAGE1_SUCC_RATE, which is the success rate of Paging
Type 1 initiated by UTRAN

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Network Information Collection

 RNC Paging KPI

 CN_PAGE_IDLE_UE_SUCC_RATE =
[CN_PAGE_IDLE_UE_SUCC]/
[CN_PAGE_IDLE_UE_REQ]
 [UTRAN_PAGE1_SUCC_RATE =
UTRAN_PAGE1_SUCC]/[UTRAN_PAGE1_REQ]

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Network Information Collection

 RNC Paging KPI

Name Description Standard measuring point
Count paging times at IU interface Receive the PAGING messages initiated
CN_PAGE_IDLE_UE_REQ
of idle subscribers by CN when UE is in idle status
Receive RRC connection request
Count paging success times of message of UE and the reason belongs
CN_PAGE_IDLE_UE_SUCC
idle subscribers to the called type, such as “Terminating
Conversational Call”

Count times of initiating PAGING PAGING TYPE 1 message initiated from

UTRAN_PAGE1_REQ
TYPE 1 initiated from UTRAN side UTRAN side

Count PAGING TYPE 1

message initiated from UTRAN UE paging response message received at
UTRAN_PAGE1_SUCC 
side and the times of UE success UTRAN side .
receive response received

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Network Information Collection
 RNC counters for paging messages to idle UE
 Number of PAGING TYPE 1 messages from the RNC to the UEs in
idle mode after it receives the PAGING messages from the CN
 VS.RANAP.Paging.Att.IdleUE

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Network Information Collection
 RNC counters for successful paging messages to idle UE
 number of RRC CONNECTION REQUEST messages from the UEs
to the RNC that has sent a PAGING TYPE 1 messages to page the
UEs in idle mode
 VS.RANAP.Paging.Succ.IdleUE

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Network Information Collection
 RNC counters for PAGING TYPE 1 message initiated from
UTRAN side
 number of PAGING TYPE 1 messages originated by the RNC for
triggering the state transition of an UE in CELL_PCH or URA_PCH
state
 VS.UTRAN.Paging1.Att

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Network Information Collection
 RNC counters for successful PAGING TYPE 1 message
initiated from UTRAN side
 number of CELL UPDATE messages from the UEs to the RNC
 These messages are taken as successful responses to the PAGING
TYPE 1 messages sent by the RNC to the UEs in CELL_PCH or
URA_PCH state
 VS.UTRAN.SuccPage1

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Network Information Collection

 UMSC Paging Traffic Statistics

First paging transmission times－number of delivered no - response messages
LA paging success rate 
First paging transmission times

First paging response times

First paging success rate 
First paging transmission times

Interface paging repitetion times

Non - first paging success rate 
Interface paging repitetion response times

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Network Information Collection
UMSC Paging Traffic Statistics Index
Name Description Standard measure point
The first sending times of Paging Carry out statistics when MSC sends
The first paging times
Req by MSC PAGING message to RNC/BSC

Successfully receiving response Carry out statistics when MSC receives

The first paging response
times after the first sending of PAGING RESPONSE after the first sending
times
Paging message by MSC of Paging message

Interface paging repeat Carry out statistics when MSC sends

The non-first paging times of MSC
times PAGING message to RNC/BSC

Successfully receiving response Carry out statistics when MSC receives

Interface paging repeat
times after the non-first sending of PAGING RESPONSE after the non-first
response times
Paging message by MSC sending Paging message

The first paging times of Iu The first sending Paging times of Carry out statistics when MSC sends
interface Iu interface PAGING message to RNC
Carry out statistics when MSC sends
Lu interface paging repeat The non-first sending Paging times
PAGING message to RNC not at the first
times of Iu interface
time
Delivery paging no-response Times of having no paging
Paging timer stay-over statistics
times response messages received

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 Network Information Collection
 SGSN Paging Traffic Statistics

RAGroupPag ing Re quesTimes －RAGroupPag ingFailure Times

RAPagingSu ccessRate ＝
RAGroupPag ing Re questTimes

Name Description Standard measure point

It provides delivery group
Group paging SGSN sends Iu interface paging
paging request times in the
request times request message (PAGING), and
specific RA, not including
of each RA its CN Domain is PS.
retransmission messages
Group paging
It provides group paging Paging retransmission message
failure times of
failure times in the specific RA times reach maximum.
each RA

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Network Information Collection
 Alarm
 From CN
 RNC overload

 From RNC
 the flow control alarm
– When RNC is in paging flow control state, the paging message will be lost
unconditionally

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Network Information Collection
 Data collection from customers’ complaint
 Time
 Place
 Terminated UE type
 Others
 Subscriber name
 Originated phone number
 Terminated phone number
 Happened frequently or not
 Process description

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Network Information Collection
 For the network that has not been put into service
 Pay more attention to the division of location area & route area
 For the network that has been put into service, it may have experienced
several optimization processes before this optimization. Emphasis
should be put on optimization records about:
 Coverage absence
 System overload
 Paging lost
 Low power allocation of paging channel

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Network Information Collection
 Parameters to be checked before optimization:
 CN paging retransmission times and paging interval
 UTRAN paging retransmission times and paging interval
 DRX paging cycle coefficient k (DRX paging cycle = 2k)
 Paging indication quantity NP included in a PICH frame
 Channel power allocation of PICH and PCH
 Whether CN adopts global paging
 UE ID used by CN paging (IMSI,TMSI or PTMSI)

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DRX Procedure
 UE receives the paging indicator on PICH periodically, that is the
Discontinuous Reception (DRX)
 The value for the DRX paging cycle length is determined as
follows: :

DRX Cycle Length ＝ MAX (2k, PBP) frames

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Paging Indicator Channel (PICH)
 Carrying Paging Indicators (PI)
 Fixed rate (30kbps), SF = 256
 N paging indicators {PI0, …, PIN-1} in each PICH frame, N=18, 36, 72,
or 144

288 bits for paging indication 12 bits (undefined)

b0 b1 b 287 b 288 b 299

One radio frame (10 ms)

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Secondary Common Control Physical Channel
(SCCPCH)
 Carrying FACH and PCH, SF = 256 - 4
 Pilot: used for demodulation
 TFCI: Transport Format Control Indication, used for describe data format

TFCI Data Pilot

NTFCI bits NData bits NPilot bits

T slot = 2560 chips, 20*2 k bits (k=0..6)

Slot #0 Slot #1 Slot #i Slot #14

1 radio frame: T f = 10 ms

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DRX Procedure (Cont.)
 Through DRX, UE only listens to PICH at certain predefined
time. And UE will read the paging information on SCCPCH if the
paging indicator is 1.
 The value of the Paging Occasion is determined as follows:

Paging Occasion (CELL SFN) =

{(IMSI div K) mod (DRX cycle length div PBP)} * PBP

+ n * DRX cycle length + Frame Offset

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DRX Procedure (Cont.)
 In FDD the UE shall monitor its paging indicator in the PICH
frame with SFN given by the Paging Occasion
 The Page Indicator to use is calculated by using the following
formula:

PI = (IMSI div 8192) mod NP

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Parameters of DRX
 DRXCYCLELENCOEF
 Parameter name: DRX cycle length coefficient
 Recommended value: 6

 PICHMODE
 Parameter name: PICH mode
 Recommended value: V36.

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Parameters of DRX
 MACCPAGEREPEAT
 Parameter name: Number of page re-TX
 Recommended value: 1

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Common Physical Channel Power Parameters

 MAXTXPOWER
 Parameter name: Max transmit power of cell
 The recommended value is 430, namely 43dBm

 PCPICHPOWER
 Parameter name: PCPICH transmit power
 The recommended value is 330, namely 33dBm

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Common Physical Channel Power Parameters

 MAXFACHPOWER
 Parameter name: Max transmit power of FACH
 The recommended value is 10, namely 1dB

 PCHPOWER
 Parameter name: PCH transmit power
 The recommended value is -20, namely -2dB

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Common Physical Channel Power Parameters

 PICHPOWEROFFSET
 Parameter name: PICH power offset
 The default value of this parameter is -7, namely -7dB

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 Contents
2. Paging Problem Analysis Process

2.1 Problem Analysis Flow

2.2 Network Information Collection

2.3 Optimization target Confirmation

2.4 Paging Problem Locating

2.5 Typical Paging Problem Analysis

2.6 Optimization Verification

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Optimization Target
 Determining optimization KPI goal
 Two KPI, “location area paging success rate” and “RA paging
success rate” , should meet the optimization requirements. The
paging success rate is recommended to be higher than 86%

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 Contents
2. Paging Problem Analysis Process

2.1 Problem Analysis Flow

2.2 Network Information Collection

2.3 Optimization target Confirmation

2.4 Paging Problem Locating

2.5 Typical Paging Problem Analysis

2.6 Optimization Verification

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Paging Problem Allocating Overview
 Paging problems can be divided into three categories:
 Paging message is not delivered at the air interface at all
 Paging message has been delivered, but UE does not receive the
message or receives the wrong message
 UE fails in responding after receiving paging messages

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 Contents
2. Paging Problem Analysis Process

2.1 Problem Analysis Flow

2.2 Network Information Collection

2.3 Optimization target Confirmation

2.4 Paging Problem Locating

2.5 Typical Paging Problem Analysis

2.6 Optimization Verification

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Paging Problem Optimization Overview
 Further analysis on paging loss cause
 Too large paging area planned
 Improper setting of CN paging retransmission times and interval
 Improper setting of UTRAN paging retransmission times and interval
 CN adopts whole-network paging
 Improper setting of DRX paging cycle coefficient
 Improper setting of Np value
 CN adopts improper UE identifier
 Too low power allocation of paging channels
 Existence of coverage dead zones
 UE performance problems

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 Contents
2.5 Typical Paging Problem Analysis
2.5.1 Paging Area
2.5.2 CN and UTRAN Paging retransmission Times and Interval
2.5.3 Whole-Network Paging strategy
2.5.4 DRX Paging Cycle Coefficient and Np value
2.5.5 UE Identifier Utilized by CN Paging
2.5.6 Power allocation of Paging Channels
2.5.7 Coverage Dead Zones
2.5.8 UE Performance Problems and DETACH Functions
2.5.9 Too Low Power allocation of Paging Channels
2.5.10 Existence of Coverage Dead Zones
2.5.11 UE Performance Problems

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Paging Area Problem Analysis
 In general, CN pages target UE in one paging area (LA or RA)
 LA is defined for CS service paging
 Mobile terminals can move freely without updating VLR
 Contain one or more cells
 RA is defined for PS service paging
 Mobile terminals can move freely without updating SGSN in a specified
operation mode
 A RA may contain one or more cells

 LA ≥ RA

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Paging Area Problem Analysis
 Paging area is planned too large
 the same paging message of a network paging mobile station may be
sent in multi cells, which will overload the paging channel as well as
increasing signaling flow at the Iub interface

 Paging area is planned too small

 subscribers will update locations frequently while moving, which
will increase signaling flow of the system. Moreover, frequent
location update will influence the standby time of UEs

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Paging Area Problem Analysis (Cont.)
 Calculaiton Result of Paging Area When Cn Id Adopting IMSI :

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Paging Area Problem Analysis (Cont.)
 Optimization Measures
 Divide location areas where network capacity or paging traffic is
bigger than a specified threshold, which can reduce paging message
flow efficiently

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 Contents
2.5 Typical Paging Problem Analysis
2.5.1 Paging Area
2.5.2 CN and UTRAN Paging retransmission Times and Interval
2.5.3 Whole-Network Paging strategy
2.5.4 DRX Paging Cycle Coefficient and Np value
2.5.5 UE Identifier Utilized by CN Paging
2.5.6 Power allocation of Paging Channels
2.5.7 Coverage Dead Zones
2.5.8 UE Performance Problems and DETACH Functions
2.5.9 Too Low Power allocation of Paging Channels
2.5.10 Existence of Coverage Dead Zones
2.5.11 UE Performance Problems

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Improper Setting of CN Paging retransmission Times
and Interval
 In order to guarantee the paging success rate, CN will
retransmission paging message at the IU interface
 CN paging retransmission times and interval can be configured
 Paging is initiated specific to location area, paging retransmission
will increase paging traffic
 CN paging retransmission configuration should be in accordance
with UTRAN

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Improper Setting of CN Paging retransmission Times
and Interval
 Problem Analysis
 In order to guarantee the paging success rate, CN will retransmission
paging message at the IU interface
 CN paging retransmission is the retransmission paging in case that
UE has not responded at the first time
 It is no good for CN paging interval to be too short

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Improper Setting of CN Paging retransmission Times
and Interval
 Optimization Measures
 CN paging retransmission configuration should be in accordance
with UTRAN. When UTRAN retransmits paging once, it is
suggested for CN configuration to retransmit once (totally twice) at
the interval longer than two paging cycles
 Reduce paging repeat times and increase paging interval, keep the
time of no paging responses unchanged, interval of reporting prompt
tones when there is no paging response will not be influenced

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Improper Setting of UTRAN Paging Retransmission
Times and Interval
 Problem Analysis
 Paging is delivered at the fixed time (a paging cycle), and UTRAN paging
interval is the integer multiple of a paging cycle, one paging cycle in general
 we can adjust UTRAN paging repeat interval by adjusting DRX paging cycle
coefficient k

 Optimization Measures
 It is reasonable for paging retransmission times to keep the current default
configuration
 It is also reasonable to adjust paging retransmission times on RNC
maintenance console using MML command SET UDPUCFGDATA

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 Contents
2.5 Typical Paging Problem Analysis
2.5.1 Paging Area
2.5.2 CN and UTRAN Paging retransmission Times and Interval
2.5.3 Whole-Network Paging strategy
2.5.4 DRX Paging Cycle Coefficient and Np value
2.5.5 UE Identifier Utilized by CN Paging
2.5.6 Power allocation of Paging Channels
2.5.7 Coverage Dead Zones
2.5.8 UE Performance Problems and DETACH Functions
2.5.9 Too Low Power allocation of Paging Channels
2.5.10 Existence of Coverage Dead Zones
2.5.11 UE Performance Problems

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CN Whole Network Paging Problem Analysis

 Problem Analysis
 Considering improving call connection rate, CN side can be configured with
whole-network paging, which bears the characteristics that paging has
overridden the concept of location area, and is initiated specific to all
UTRANs suspended under whole CN
 In this case, paging traffic becomes larger, especially when multiple location
areas are suspended under CN, the location areas with smaller capacity will
be overloaded, and can not recover for a long time

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CN Whole Network Paging Problem Analysis

 Optimization measures
 Global paging should be avoided in CN
 CN global paging is useful only when UE location area is recorded as
failure by NLR, which hardly occurs
 once it occurs, it means serious fault occurs; even more CN global
paging does not work

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 Contents
2.5 Typical Paging Problem Analysis
2.5.1 Paging Area
2.5.2 CN and UTRAN Paging retransmission Times and Interval
2.5.3 Whole-Network Paging strategy
2.5.4 DRX Paging Cycle Coefficient and Np value
2.5.5 UE Identifier Utilized by CN Paging
2.5.6 Power allocation of Paging Channels
2.5.7 Coverage Dead Zones
2.5.8 UE Performance Problems and DETACH Functions
2.5.9 Too Low Power allocation of Paging Channels
2.5.10 Existence of Coverage Dead Zones
2.5.11 UE Performance Problems

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 Improper Setting of DRX Paging Cycle Coefficient
 DRX paging cycle coefficient of UE has CN-specific DRX and UTRAN-specific DRX

CN-specific DRX UTRAN-specific DRX

SIB1

RRC CONNECTION
SETUP
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Improper Setting of DRX Paging Cycle Coefficient

 DRX paging cycle coefficient

 CN-specific DRX cycle length coefficient is used for idle mode
 Minimum K value in CN-specific DRX cycle length coefficient and
UTRAN-specific DRX cycle length coefficient is used for connection state
( CELL-PCH & URA-PCH )
 CN-specific DRX cycle length coefficient is configured by command
“ADD CNDOMAIN” for BSC6810 or “ADD UCNDOMAIN” for
BSC6900
 UTRAN-specific DRX cycle length coefficient is configured by command
“SET FRC” for BSC6810 or “SET UFRC” for BSC6900

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Improper Setting of DRX Paging Cycle Coefficient

 Questions:
 Suppose that the CN paging repeat time is 1 (totally broadcasting 2
times), and the interval is 2s, so how should the UTRAN repeat times
and the intervals be set?

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Improper setting of Np value
 Problem Analysis
 Np refers to PI paging indication number delivered in a certain frame by paging
indication channel PICH, the value of which is within the range of (18, 36, 72, 144),
which is indicated by Number of PI per frame in SIB5, UE will receive PICH frame at
the specified paging time and find the corresponding PI indicator bit (the qth PI). Only
when the corresponding PI indicator bit is effective, UE demodulates the
corresponding S-CCPCH frame
  Np  
q   PI   18   SFN   SFN / 8   SFN / 64   SFN / 512   mod144    mod Np
  144 

 Significance of Np in the actual network: IMSI is divided into Np groups by this

parameter, and all IMSIs in each group adopt the same PI

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Improper setting of Np value
 Influences of Np value on network
 If Np value is too small, the corresponding UE number in each group will be
larger. For each IMSI, if the probability that PI indication occurs increases,
times that IMSI is waken up will increase, which is no good in saving UE
power
 If Np value is too large, the corresponding IMSI number in each group will
be smaller. For each IMSI, if the probability that PI indication occurs
decreases, times that IMSI is waken up will decrease. However, if Np is
larger, the bit number of each PI will decrease and PICH demodulation
performance of UE will be required higher

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 Contents
2.5 Typical Paging Problem Analysis
2.5.1 Paging Area
2.5.2 CN and UTRAN Paging retransmission Times and Interval
2.5.3 Whole-Network Paging strategy
2.5.4 DRX Paging Cycle Coefficient and Np value
2.5.5 UE Identifier Utilized by CN Paging
2.5.6 Attach & Detach Switch Swtich
2.5.7 Power allocation of Paging Channels
2.5.8 Coverage Dead Zones
2.5.9 UE Performance Problems

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UE Identifier Utilized by CN Paging
 Problem Analysis
 When UE is in IDLE state, CN can only page 3 UEs at the same paging time using
IMSI
 When UE is in IDLE state, CN can only page 5 UEs at the same paging time using
TMSI or PTMSI
 When UE is in CELL_PCH or URA_PCH state, no matter what paging identifier CN
uses, UTRAN transfers UE identifier to U-RNTI and pages, it can only page five UEs
at the same paging time
 Optimization Measures
 CN optimization pages by using UE temporary identifier TMSI and PTMSI,
and it can be adjusted with software parameters

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 Contents
2.5 Typical Paging Problem Analysis
2.5.1 Paging Area
2.5.2 CN and UTRAN Paging retransmission Times and Interval
2.5.3 Whole-Network Paging strategy
2.5.4 DRX Paging Cycle Coefficient and Np value
2.5.5 UE Identifier Utilized by CN Paging
2.5.6 Attach & Detach Switch
2.5.7 Power allocation of Paging Channels
2.5.8 Coverage Dead Zones
2.5.9 UE Performance Problems

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IMSI ATTACH & DETACH Function
 Problem Analysis
 After UE is powered on and registered successfully, MSC/VLR will set the subscriber
state as ATTACH state. IMSI DETACH means that after mobile subscribers power off,
MS initiates a DETACH flow and MSC/VLR sets the subscriber state as IMSI detach.
Generally, HLR will not be informed by this flow
 UE determines whether IMSI ATTACH and DETACH processes can be adopted
through receiving the system message 1. Gsm MAP IE consists of two octets, one is
T3212, and bit1 of the other octet is ATT identifier. “0” means that the network does
not allow UE to adopt IMSI ATTACH and DETACH processes, “1” refers to the
admission
 During actual network operation, UTRAN should activate IMSI ATTACH and
DETACH functions

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IMSI ATTACH & DETACH Function (Cont.)
 SIB1

 Optimization Measures
 Check and modify IMSI attachment and detachment admission indication by using the
Command “LST CNDOMAIN and MOD CNDOMAIN” on RNC maintenance console

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 Contents
2.5 Typical Paging Problem Analysis
2.5.1 Paging Area
2.5.2 CN and UTRAN Paging retransmission Times and Interval
2.5.3 Whole-Network Paging strategy
2.5.4 DRX Paging Cycle Coefficient and Np value
2.5.5 UE Identifier Utilized by CN Paging
2.5.6 Attach & Detach Switch
2.5.7 Power allocation of Paging Channels
2.5.8 Coverage Dead Zones
2.5.9 UE Performance Problems

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Too Low Power allocation of Paging
Channels
 Phenomenon
 Subscriber complaints are centralized in some certain areas
 when UE is called, the prompt tone “the subscriber is out of service”
will occur

 Problem Analysis
 the print message of paging decoding failure can be seen at the UE
daemon, which is the problem of the over-low paging channel power
allocation

Copyright © 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page73
Too Low Power allocation of Paging
Channels
 Optimization measures
 The current baseline power allocation: PICH is -3dB and PCH is -2dB,
which are both relative to pilot channels power.
 Improve the power allocation between PICH and PCH properly
 Check and modify PICH power by using MML Command LST
CHPWROFFSET and MOD PICHPWROFFSET on RNC maintenance
console
 Check and modify PCH power by using Command LST SCCPCH and
MOD SCCPCH

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 Contents
2.5 Typical Paging Problem Analysis
2.5.1 Paging Area
2.5.2 CN and UTRAN Paging retransmission Times and Interval
2.5.3 Whole-Network Paging strategy
2.5.4 DRX Paging Cycle Coefficient and Np value
2.5.5 UE Identifier Utilized by CN Paging
2.5.6 Attach & Detach Switch
2.5.7 Power allocation of Paging Channels
2.5.8 Coverage Dead Zones
2.5.9 UE Performance Problems

Copyright © 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page75
Existence of Coverage Dead Zones
 Problem Analysis
 Phenomenon: Subscriber complaints are centralized in a certain area, UE
fails both in calling and being called, the signal strength shown in UE panel
is low, and RSCP and EC/IO of pilot signals tested with the drive test
equipment are lower than indexes required for UE normal access, by which
coverage dead zone is identified in this area

 Optimization Measures
 Carry out coverage optimization, for specific optimization measures, please
refer to relevant Guidance

Copyright © 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page76
 Contents
2.5 Typical Paging Problem Analysis
2.5.1 Paging Area
2.5.2 CN and UTRAN Paging retransmission Times and Interval
2.5.3 Whole-Network Paging strategy
2.5.4 DRX Paging Cycle Coefficient and Np value
2.5.5 UE Identifier Utilized by CN Paging
2.5.6 Attach & Detach Switch
2.5.7 Power allocation of Paging Channels
2.5.8 Coverage Dead Zones
2.5.9 UE Performance Problems

Copyright © 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page77
UE Performance Problem
 Problem Analysis
 The receiving performance and demodulation performance of
different UEs are also different
 Sort out and analyze subscriber complaint materials. If the called UE
is of the same type, problem may exist in UEs

Copyright © 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page78
UE Performance Problem
 Optimization Solution
 Take a called verification test on UEs from different manufacturers
 compare UE receiving performance parameters and demodulation
performance parameters
 including testing RSCP and EC/IO of pilot signals received at the same
place and learn about the service demodulation thresholds of UEs

Copyright © 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page79
 Contents
2. Paging Problem Analysis Process

2.1 Problem Analysis Flow

2.2 Network Information Collection

2.3 Optimization target Confirmation

2.4 Paging Problem Locating

2.5 Typical Paging Problem Analysis

2.6 Optimization Verification

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Optimization Verification
 After network is optimized and adjusted, the optimization results
should be verified. The frequently-used verifying methods are
available as follows:
 Traffic statistics
 Alarm
 Subscriber complaint
 Dialing test

Copyright © 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page81
 Summary
 We have learned the some typical cases of paging problem, the
paging problem could be caused by improper paging area
division, improper paging retransmission times and interval,
improper DRX paging cycle coefficient and Np value, weak
coverage, whether switch on attach/detach function, low power
allocation of paging channels, and specified UE performance.

Copyright © 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page82
Thank you
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