Cold War Conflicts

The Cold War and

the danger of
nuclear war define
international
affairs, especially
after the Korean
War. Fear of
communism in the
U.S. leads to British prime minister Winston Churchill, U.S.
president Harry S. Truman, and Soviet premier and
accusations supreme commander Joseph Stalin pose during
their meeting at the Potsdam Conference in
against innocent Germany (July 1945).

citizens.
NEXT
Cold War Conflicts

SECTION 1 Origins of the Cold War

SECTION 2 The Cold War Heats Up

SECTION 3 The Cold War at Home

SECTION 4 Two Nations Live on the Edge

NEXT
 Section 1
Origins of the Cold War

The United States and the Soviet Union emerge

from World War II as two “superpowers” with vastly
different political and economic systems.
Essay Pre Test Assessment….
“Analyze how Communism impacted the USA
Post World War II.?” when done you attempt:

2. Preview notes by summarizing each slide in

section one in one sentence… Or a clever
headline!
NEXT
 VLA intro of the COLD War

• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lAsMBgnt
3mA

• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8hMzLpT
Xo6E

• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bTk3dFC7
t00
Communism: Definition:
•A Theory or system of social
organization based on the holding of all
property in common, actual ownership
given to the community and to the state.
(totalitarian govt)
List 4 to 6 clever details:
Details? Sims diffs between 3?
SECTION

1
Origins of the Cold War

Former Allies Clash

U.S.-Soviet Relations
• U.S., U.S.S.R. have very different economic,
political systems
• U.S. suspicious of Stalin because he had been
Hitler’s ally
• Stalin resents that U.S. delayed attacking
Germany and hid atom bomb
The United Nations
• 1945, United Nations established as new
peacekeeping body
• UN becomes arena where U.S., U.S.S.R. compete
• (Union of Soviet Socialists Republics)

Continued . . .
NEXT
SECTION

continued Former Allies Clash

Truman Becomes President

• Harry S. Truman succeeds FDR as president
• As vice-president, Truman was not included in
policy decisions LACKS EXPERIENCE
- was not told about atom bomb
The Potsdam Conference
• July 1945 conference with U.S., Great Britain,
Soviet Union
• Stalin does not allow free, multiparty elections
in Poland
- bans democratic parties
(THIS IS the FIRST SERIOUS disagreement
between Stalin and the West)

NEXT
 SECTION

Tension Mounts

Bargaining at Potsdam
• Truman becomes convinced that U.S., Soviet aims
deeply at odds
• Soviets want reparations from Germany;
Truman objects
• Agree to take reparations mainly from own
occupation zones
• U.S. emerges from war as great economic power
- wants Eastern European raw materials, markets

Continued . . .
NEXT
SECTION

continued Tension Mounts

Soviets Tighten Their Grip on Eastern Europe

• Soviet Union has great economic, military strength
• Unlike U.S., Soviet Union suffered heavy
devastation on own soil
• Installs communist rule in satellite nations,
countries it dominates
• 1946, Stalin announces war between communism,
capitalism inevitable

United States Establishes a Policy of Interactive

Containment
• U.S. policy of containment—measures to prevent
spread of communism
• Churchill describes division of Europe as iron curtain
NEXT
Satellite Nations:
 SECTION

Cold War in Europe

The Truman Doctrine
• 1945–1991 Cold War—conflict between U.S.,
U.S.S.R. WAR OF IDEAS between Capitalism
n Communism .
- neither nation directly confronts the other
on battlefield

• Truman Doctrine—1st Policy of USA that

support Democracies against armed minorities,
outsiders/communist rebels Image

• U.S. gives aid to Greece, Turkey; reduce

communist threat

NEXT
The Marshall Plan
•1947, Sec. of State George Marshall
proposes aid to nations in need
•Marshall Plan we spend $14 billion
* rebuilds 16 destroyed Western
EUROPEAN nations; Communist
parties become less appealing
because people have jobs!
SECTION

Superpowers Struggle over Germany

The Berlin Airlift
• 1948, Stalin closes highway, rail routes into Map

West Berlin
• Berlin airlift—Britain, U.S. fly food, supplies
into West Berlin (Note: West Berlin located in
HEART of communist East Germany!!!)
• 1949, Stalin lifts blockade
• Federal Republic of Germany, German
Democratic Republic form
The NATO Alliance
• Fear of Soviets leads to North Atlantic Treaty
Organization (NATO)
• European nations, U.S., Canada pledge mutual
military support

• Video:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cH-GVf9floo NEXT
Review/Prediction/Summary
Activity: One a separate paper:

Create a series of 4 HEADLINES

or clever statements
that relate to 4 IMPORTANT
things you predict are important
from the notes Yesterday! BE
prepared to share
Example: 1. “Containment STOPS
that ISM!”
2. Leaders hold Conference at
Potsdam!
3. etc.
Vla: warmup: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d-_ldSDwLxw
1. Cold War VLA review with die
roll:
https://www.youtube.com/watc
h?v=PHwIkOv6Rc4

2. Truman Bio or Candy bomber

vla with die roll: https://
www.youtube.com/watch?v=2
d7eOF8-4gw

.
Wrap Up Project for
Section 1 Cold War:
Research from your section One
Notes/internet and use a piece of
Blank white to Create your own
MINI Movie poster
Must include:
a. A Clever Movie Title!
b. 2-4 of the Terms,
c.2-3 PICTURES of
Events (as the Plot of the
movie)
d.2 People (as the “stars”
of your movie)
e.Add color and extra details for more
credit!
Warm-up:

Sec 1 Review: Study you

Section 1 Chap 26 notes for 5
minutes! Be prepared for 5
questions on KEY terms or
events from section 1.

Warm-up 2: Berlin Airlift

VLA clip….
https://www.youtube.com/wat
ch?v=Y4nnmUlzCk8

https://www.youtube.com/wat
 Section 2
The Cold War Heats Up
After World War II, China becomes a communist
nation and Korea is split into a communist north
and a democratic south.

China and Mao vla intro:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-X7nbwFxG
RU

NEXT
Photo Analysis:
• Prediction: Guess which Korea invades the
other? Communist ruled North Korea or
democratic run South Korea?
• Survey your group…
SECTION

2 The Cold War Heats Up

China Becomes a Communist Country

Nationalists Versus Communists
CHINA :HAS A CIVIL WAR>>>>
• Chinese Communists battle nationalist
government of Chiang Kai-shek
• U.S. supports Chiang, but his government is
corrupt Image

• Communists, led by Mao Zedong, work to get

peasant support gives them food, land,
• Peasants flock to Red Army; by 1945,
communists control north China

Continued . . .
NEXT
SECTION

continued China Becomes a Communist Country

Renewed Civil War

• 1944–47, U.S. sends military aid to Nationalists to
oppose communism
• 1949, Nationalists lose/ flee to island of Taiwan
• Communists establish People’s Republic of
China in mainland
• U.S. does not recognize Communist Chinese
government
America Reacts to Communist Takeover
• U.S. public stunned by Communist takeover
• Conservatives blame Truman for not sending
enough aid

NEXT
 SECTION

2 The Korean War

A Divided Country 1945

• 38th parallel (38º N latitude) divides Japanese
surrender in Korea
• North of 38th parallel surrenders to U.S.S.R.;
south to U.S.
• Republic of Korea,(democratic) Democratic
People’s Republic of Korea (communist)
founded

North Korea Attacks South Korea Interactive

• 1950, North Korea invades South, begins
Korean War
• South Korea calls on UN to stop invasion;
Security Council approves
• MacArthur put in command of South Korean,
U.S. & other forces

NEXT
SECTION

The United States Fights in Korea

MacArthur’s Counterattack
• North Korea drives south, captures capital Seoul
• UN, South Korean troops forced into small
defensive zone (Pusan Perimeter)
• MacArthur attacks North Koreans from 2 sides,
pushes into north (North almost loses until….The
Chinese enter the war and help their North Korean
Allies.…
The Chinese Fight Back
• China sends troops to help North Korea; push
south, capture Seoul
• Fighting continues for 2 more years

Continued . . .
NEXT
 SECTION

continued The United States Fights in Korea

MacArthur Recommends Attacking China
• MacArthur calls for war with China; Truman
rejects request

• UN, South Korea retake Seoul, advance north to

38th parallel

MacArthur Versus Truman

• MacArthur continues to push for invasion (and use
of NUKES) of China; Truman fires him
• Public outraged over hero’s dismissal
• Congressional committee investigation concludes
Truman right

Continued . . .
NEXT
SECTION

continued The United States Fights in Korea

Settling for Stalemate

• 1951, Soviet Union suggests cease-fire
• 1953 armistice: Korea still divided; demilitarized
zone established
• Lack of success, high human, financial costs help
elect Eisenhower

NEXT
Communism at Night in
North Korea!!
1. VLA: Wrap Up: Korean War:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-X7nb
wFxGRU

2. China Civil War:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f7dvR
kyhAkY

2. HW: From this section

create a Sec 2 web!! of the
major events and people
connected to the China AND
the WAR in Korea. (5
Specific details on China and
5 on Korea)100s Webs with
10 or more Linked details
equals 100s….
Alert 1 Warm-up:
TAKE OUT Piece of Lined
paper.
Sec 2 Review: Study you
Section 2 Chap 26 notes

Create a WEB of Sec 2 Labeled

COLD WAR HEATS UP
Add 10 + details of Key
events and People AND LINK
at least 2 Chains of Facts
TOGETHER! Be prepared to
share and TURN these in!
Add a Picture of ONE to
share…
Section 3
The Cold War at Home
During the late 1940s and early 1950s, fear of
communism leads to reckless charges against
innocent citizens.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RGsnolpHr
0A

NEXT
Photo analysis: Details and what’s happening?
Photo Analysis 2
Photo ID #1
Photo ID #3
Picture ID #3
SECTION

3 The Cold War at Home

Fear of Communist Influence

American Sentiments
• Communist takeover of Eastern Europe, China
fuel fear of its spread
• 100,000 in U.S. Communist Party; some fear may
be loyal to U.S.S.R.
Loyalty Review Board
• Truman accused of being soft on Communism
• Sets up Federal Employee Loyalty Program to
investigate employees
• 1947–1951 loyalty boards investigate 3.2 million,
dismiss 212

Continued . . .
NEXT
SECTION

continued Fear of Communist Influence

The House Un-American Activities

Committee
• House Un-American Activities Committee
investigates Communist ties
• Investigates Communist influence in movie
industry
• Hollywood Ten (a group of actors and writers)
refuse to testify, sent to prison
• Hollywood starts blacklist—people with
Communist ties, cannot get work

NEXT
http://bpeoples.upsd.wikispaces.net/Truman+and+Eisenhower
SECTION

Spy Cases Stun the Nation

Alger Hiss Image

• Alger Hiss accused of spying for Soviet Union;

convicted of perjury
• Congressman Richard Nixon gains fame for
pursuing charges
The Rosenbergs
• 1949, Soviets explode atomic bomb sooner than
expected
• Physicist Klaus Fuchs admits giving information
about U.S. bomb
• Ethel, Julius Rosenberg, minor Communist Party
activists, implicate
• Rosenbergs sentenced to death; Supreme Court
upholds conviction
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M4lYeYs0nJQ
NEXT
 SECTION

McCarthy Launches His “Witch Hunt”

McCarthy’s Tactics
• Senator Joseph McCarthy a strong anti-
Communist activist
• Ineffective legislator; needs issue to win reelection
• McCarthyism—attacking suspected Communists
without evidence
• McCarthy claims Communists in State Department
• Few Republicans speak out; think he has winning
strategy for 1952

Continued . . .
NEXT
Survey your group: If you all
knew someone was cheating
on every history test by using
their phone to look up answers
would anyone in your group
report them to the teacher?
Why or why not?
SECTION

continued McCarthy Launches His “Witch Hunt”

McCarthy’s Downfall Image

• 1954, McCarthy accuses members of U.S. Army
• Televised hearings show him bullying witnesses
• Loses public support; Senate condemns him for
improper conduct
Other Anti-Communist Measures
• States, towns forbid speech favoring violent
overthrow of government
• Millions forced to take loyalty oaths, are investigated
• People become afraid to speak out on public issues

NEXT
VLA review Red Scare!:
https://www.youtube.com/wat
ch?v=1sgom1snPaQ

Red Scare!
https://www.youtube.com/wat
ch?v=nJzV6-wJ3SQ
Warmup: Review OF
section 3 Notes, then
Predict and create 5 Fill in
the Blank questions (with
correct answers) based on
KEY info you KNOW will be
on the Cold War Test:
(make 2 ridiculously hard
for the teacher to try:
Example: “What specifically did the
Senate condemn Senator McCarthy
for? Answer: improper conduct.”
Wrap Up:
Top Ten FaCts to know lists
from section 3 Cold War at
Home: …collaborate in
groups… And Create a
QUICK Drawing representing
something from this section!
(for Pictionary challenge)
Warm up: Journal: (name,
clever title and date)
“If you had to live in an
underground bomb shelter for 1
month…
name ANY Three other people
(famous or not) you would take
into your luxury shelter and tell
WHY you choose each one.

ALSO: What are 3 rooms you

would want in bunker and what
would you put in them? Add a
diagram in addition to a
paragraph
 Section 4
Two Nations Live on
the Edge
During the 1950s, the United States and the Soviet
Union come to the brink of nuclear war.

Up next: How to Spot a Communist! VLA: https://www.youtube.com/watch?NR=1&v=SkYl_AH-qyk&feature=endscreen

NEXT
Photo Analysis 1
Photo Analysis #2
The Policy of Brinkmanship
•Dwight D. Eisenhower elected
president 1952

John Foster Dulles, his secretary

of state

* Dulles proposes brinkmanship

policy:
- willingness to risk nuclear
war to prevent spread of
communism
• Nuclear threat unlike any
before: millions can die; nation
prepares by building bomb shelters,
having Duck n Cover drills, PSAs.
SECTION

4 Two Nations Live on the Edge

Brinkmanship Rules U.S. Policy
Race for the H-Bomb :After Soviets
explode their first atomic bomb we race
to develop a stronger weapon….

• H-bomb—hydrogen bomb—nuclear weapon

more powerful than atom bomb

• 1952, U.S. explodes first H-bomb; 1953, Soviets

explode one

* This leads to an Arms Race between USA and

USSR!

NEXT
Similarities & Differences?
1950s Bomb Shelter: modern:
 How about some training on
how to “survive” a nuclear
detonation! : Fallout VLA
with 4 details! Would this
help? Should we have some
kind of training today?
Fallout: https://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=mFcRhDtkQyQ
Duck and cover:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IKqXu-5jw60

Duck and Cover Death Star PSA :

https://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=Es8FcZux0xs&feature=youtu.be
 SECTION

The Cold War Spreads Around the World

Covert Actions in the Middle East and Latin

America
• Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) uses spies
to spy on the Russians and other communists
• CIA helps oust Iranian prime minister, reinstate
Shah
• CIA helps depose Guatemala’s president; army
leader becomes dictator
The Warsaw Pact Map

• U.S.-Soviet relations thaw after Stalin’s death

in 1953
• West Germany’s entry into NATO scares Soviets
• Form Warsaw Pact—military alliance with
7 Eastern European countries
Continued . . .
NEXT
 Can you name 3
countries in NATO?

Name 3
countries in
The
Warsaw
Pact?
 SECTION

continued The Cold War Spreads Around the World

A Summit in Geneva
• Eisenhower meets Soviets in Geneva, proposes
“open skies” policy
• Soviets reject proposal; “spirit of Geneva” seen as
step to peace

The Suez War

• Gamal Abdel-Nasser plays U.S. against Soviets
over Aswan Dam
• Dulles withdraws loan offer; Nasser nationalizes
Suez Canal
• Israel, Britain, France send troops; UN intervenes
• Fighting stops; Egypt keeps canal; others withdraw

Continued . . .
NEXT
SECTION

continued The Cold War Spreads Around the World

The Eisenhower Doctrine

• Soviet prestige in Middle East rises because of
support for Egypt
• Eisenhower Doctrine—U.S. will defend Middle
East against communists (save our OIL!)
The Hungarian Uprising Image
• 1956, Hungarians revolt, call for democratic
government
• Imre Nagy, Communist leader, forms government,
promises democratic elections
• Soviet army fights Hungarians in streets;
overthrow Nagy
• U.S. does not help Soviet satellite; Soviets veto
action by UN
NEXT
SECTION

The Cold War Takes to the Skies

A New Soviet Leader
• Nikita Khrushchev emerges as new Soviet
leader; favors:
- peaceful coexistence and economic, scientific
competition
The Space Race Chart

• October 1957, Soviets launch Sputnik, first

artificial satellite
• Shocked Americans pour money into own space
program

Continued . . .
NEXT
SECTION

continued The Cold War Takes to the Skies

A U-2 Is Shot Down

• CIA makes secret high-altitude flights with U-2
to spy on Soviets
• Eisenhower wants flights discontinued before
Krushchev summit
• Francis Gary Powers shot down on last flight
over Soviet territory
Renewed Confrontation
• Eisenhower first denies, then concedes U-2
was spying
• Agrees to stop flights, refuses to apologize as
Khrushchev demands
• U-2 incident renews tension between
superpowers; summit cancelled
NEXT
VLA Review:

U2 incident:

https://www.youtube.com/wat
ch?v=vc50FsXib48
Review: Use your Section 4
Notes Cold War Notes
And Write down 5 QUESTIONS
YOU PREDICT WILL BE
ASKED ON THE COLD WAR
TEST>
INCLUDE ANSWERS! 
Review Part 2:

COLD War VLA

reviews: Die roll
details….
1.Surviving Fallout.
2.Duck n Cover

3.Whip around review

Review Final Cut:

On the note card

provided: list AMAP of
the key details on Cold
War Chapter 26 as you
can fit on ONE side of
the card.

YOU WILL STILL

HAVE TO STUDY
This is the end of the chapter presentation of
lecture notes. Click the HOME or EXIT button.