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READINGS IN PHILIPPINE HISTORY Module 1

This document discusses different perspectives on what history is and how it should be studied. It explores definitions of history from various historians, such as it being the reenactment of past thought or a dialogue between the present and past. The document also discusses approaches to Philippine history, including arguing it should come from the people rather than just leaders. While some argue history aims to be objective, others believe it can never be fully objective due to how humans interpret the past. Overall, the document examines how history is interpreted and should be studied.

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Marvin Gaspar
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265 views15 pages

READINGS IN PHILIPPINE HISTORY Module 1

This document discusses different perspectives on what history is and how it should be studied. It explores definitions of history from various historians, such as it being the reenactment of past thought or a dialogue between the present and past. The document also discusses approaches to Philippine history, including arguing it should come from the people rather than just leaders. While some argue history aims to be objective, others believe it can never be fully objective due to how humans interpret the past. Overall, the document examines how history is interpreted and should be studied.

Uploaded by

Marvin Gaspar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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READINGS IN

PHILIPPINE HISTORY
CHRISTIAN KARL P. KARGANILLA
WHAT IS HISTORY?
 IT COMES FROM THE GREEK WORD HISTORIA,
meaning “inquiry.”
R.G COLLINGWOOD
 HISTORY, IS THE RE-ENACTMENT OF PAST
THOUGHT IN A HISTORIAN’S MIND.
E.H CARR
 HISTORY IS AN UNENDING DIALOGUE BETWEEN
THE PRESENT AND THE PAST AND THE CHIEF
FUNCTION OF THE HISTORIAN IS TO MASTER AND
UNDERSTAND THE PAST AS A KEY TO
UNDERSTANDING THE PRESENT.
BENADETTO CROCE
 EVERY TRUE HISTORY IS CONTEMPORARY HISTORY.
HISTORY IN THE PHILIPPINE
CONTEXT
TEODORO AGONCILLO
 “THERE IS NO PHILIPPINE HISTORY BEFORE 1872.”
RENATO CONSTANTINO
 “RE-EXAMINE OUR COLONIAL HISTORY.”
ZEUS SALAZAR
 “PANTAYONG PANANAW”
REYNALDO ILETO
 HISTORY FROM BELOW

 PHILIPPINE HISTORY SHOULD

COME FROM the PEOPLE rather


than LEADERS.
WHY STUDY HISTORY?
 To learn about the past.
 To understand the present.
 To appreciate your heritage.
 To broaden your perspectives.
 To acquire background for critical thinking
and analysis.
HISTORICAL KNOWLEDGE
 HISTORIANS WANT TO GATHER AND PRODUCE KNOWLEDGE OF THE
PAST.
 HISTORY IS BOTH ART AND SCIENCE.

SCIENCE ART

GATHERING OF DATA WRITING OF HISTORY


(HISTORICAL METHODOLOGY) (HISTORIOGRAPHY)

EVIDENCES INTERPRETATION
IS HISTORY BE OBJECTIVE?
 MANY HISTORIANS WOULD ARGUE THAT HISTORY IS AND SHOULD BE OBJECTIVE
MAINLY BECAUSE IT DEALS WITH PAST EVENTS. THESE ARE THE TRADITIONAL
HISTORIANS.
 “CAUSE AND EFFECT”

“IN A VERY REAL SENSE THE STUDY OF HISTORY IS CONCERNED WITH A SUBJECT
MATTER MORE OBJECTIVE AND INDEPENDENT THAN THAT OF THE NATURAL SCIENCES.
JUST BECAUSE HISTORICAL MATTER IS IN THE PAST, IS GONE … ITS OBJECTIVE
REALITY IS GUARANTEED; IT IS BEYOND BEING ALTEREDFOR ANY PURPOSE
WHATSOEVER”
-G.R ELTON
HOWEVER…
“OBJECTIVE TRUTH IS AS INACCESSIBLE TO WRITERS OF HISTORY AS IS KANT’S ‘THING-
IN-ITSELF’ TO HUMAN KNOWLEDGE.”
-MAX NORDAU
 YOU CLAIM TO KNOW A PERSON BECAUSE OF THE TIME SPENT WITH

EACH OTHER WITHOUT REALIZING THAT WHAT YOU SEE IS ONLY THE
OUTSIDE.

 THE PAST IS DIFFERENT FROM HISTORY.


HISTORY VS CHRONOLOGY
 ACCORDING TO BENEDETTO CROCE:

“HISTORY IS LIVING CHRONOLOGY


CHRONOLOGY IS DEAD HISTORY”
 HISTORY MUST FIT TO A PERSON. NOT FIT HISTORY TO THE PERSON.

REMEMBER!
HISTORY IS INTERPRETIVE. CHRONOLOGY IS NOT.
WHAT TO REFLECT ON
 WHY DO WE NEED TO STUDY HISORY?
 WHAT DOES HISTORY CONTRIBUTE TO PHILIPPINE SOCIETY?
 IS HISTORY BEING APPRECIATED ENOUGH? AM I APPRECIATING
HISTORY?
REFERENCES
 GARDINER, P. (1960). THEORIES OF HISTORY: SECOND EDITION.
ILLINOIS: THE FREE PRESS
 OCAMPO, AMBETH (2011). TALKING HISTORY: CONVERSATIONS WITH
TEODORO A. AGONCILLO. MANILA: UST PUBLISHING HOUSE.
 SALAZAR, Z., & GUILLERMO, R. (2000). THE "PANTAYO" PERSPECTIVE AS
A DISCOURSE TOWARDS "KABIHASNAN". SOUTHEAST ASIAN JOURNAL OF
SOCIAL SCIENCE, 28(1), 123-152.

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