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Oral Comm. Types of Speeches According To Delivery

This document discusses different types of speech delivery. It describes impromptu speaking as presenting without preparation when asked to speak briefly. Extemporaneous speaking involves carefully planning notes but speaking conversationally. Manuscript speaking reads a written speech word-for-word, useful when precision is important. Memorized speaking recites a memorized script without notes, allowing freedom but risking flat delivery without careful preparation. The document provides guidance on each type and their advantages and disadvantages.

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140 views18 pages

Oral Comm. Types of Speeches According To Delivery

This document discusses different types of speech delivery. It describes impromptu speaking as presenting without preparation when asked to speak briefly. Extemporaneous speaking involves carefully planning notes but speaking conversationally. Manuscript speaking reads a written speech word-for-word, useful when precision is important. Memorized speaking recites a memorized script without notes, allowing freedom but risking flat delivery without careful preparation. The document provides guidance on each type and their advantages and disadvantages.

Uploaded by

Kabayan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Types of Speeches

According to Delivery
The easiest approach to delivery is not
always the best. Substancial work goes into
the preparation of an interting and ethical
messages, so it is understandable that
students may have the impulse to avoid
“messing it up” by simply reading it word for
word. But students who do this miss out on
one of the major reasons for studying public
speaking: to learns ways is to “connect” with
the one’s audience.
Speaking in public has more formality than
talking. During speech, you should present
yourself professionally. This doesn’t mean you
to must wear a suit “dress up” (unless your
instructor asks you to), but it does mean
making yourself presentable by being well
groomed and wearing clean, appropriate. It also
means being prepared to use language correctly
and appropriately for audience and the topic,
to make eye contact with your audience, and to
look like you know your topic very well.
IMPROMPTU SPEAKING
Impromptu speaking is the presentation of a
short message without advance
preparetion.Impromptu speeches often occur
when someone is asked to “say a few words” or
to give a toast on a speacial occasion. You have
probably done impromptu speaking many
times in informal, conversational settings. Self-
introductions in a group settings are examples
of the impromptu speaking:
“Hi,my name is Steve and I’m a volunteer
with the Homes for the Brave program.”
occurs when you answer a question “such as”
what did you think of the documentary?”
The advantage of this kind of speaking is
that it’s spontaneous and responsive in an
animated group context. The disadvantage
is that the speaker is given little or no time
to contemplate the central theme of his or
her message. As a result, the message may
be disorganized and difficult for listeners to
follow.
Here is a step-by-step guide that may be useful if you are
called upon to give an impromptu speech in public.

Take a moment to collect your thoughts and plan the


main point you want to make.
Thank the person for inviting you to speak.
Deliver your message, making your main point as briefly
as you can while still covering it adequately and at a pace
your listeners can follow.
Thank the person again for the opportunity to speak.
Stop talking.
As you can see, impromptu speeches are generally most
successful when they are brief and focus on a single point.
Extemporaneous Speaking
Extemporaneous speaking is the presentation of a
carefully planned and rehearsed speech, spoken in
a conversational manner using brief notes. By
using notes rather than a full manuscript, the
extemporaneous speaker can establish and
maintain eye contact with the audience and assess
how well they are understanding the speech as it
progresses. The opportunity to assess is also an
opportunity to restate more clearly any idea or
concept that the audience seems to have trouble
grasping.
For instance, suppose you are speaking about
workplace safety and you use the term “sleep
deprivation.” If you notice your audience’s eyes
glazing over, this might not be a result of their own
sleep deprivation, but rather an indication of their
uncertainty about what you mean. If this happens,
you can add a short explanation; for example,
“sleep deprivation is sleep loss serious enough to
threaten one’s cognition, hand-to-eye
coordination, judgment, and emotional health.”
You might also (or instead) provide a concrete
example to illustrate the idea. Then you can
resume your message, having clarified an
important concept.
Speaking extemporaneously has some advantages. It
promotes the likelihood that you, the speaker, will be
perceived as knowledgeable and credible. In addition, your
audience is likely to pay better attention to the message
because it is engaging both verbally and nonverbally. The
disadvantage of extemporaneous speaking is that it requires
a great deal of preparation for both the verbal and the
nonverbal components of the speech. Adequate preparation
cannot be achieved the day before you’re scheduled to speak.

Because extemporaneous speaking is the style used in the


great majority of public speaking situations, most of the
information in this chapter is targeted to this kind of
speaking.
Speaking from a Manuscript
Manuscript speaking is the word-for-word iteration of a
written message. In a manuscript speech, the speaker
maintains his or her attention on the printed page
except when using visual aids. The advantage to
reading from a manuscript is the exact repetition of
original words. As we mentioned at the beginning of
this chapter, in some circumstances this can be
extremely important. For example, reading a statement
about your organization’s legal responsibilities to
customers may require that the original words be exact.
In reading one word at a time, in order, the
only errors would typically be
mispronunciation of a word or stumbling
over complex sentence structure. For this
kind of “straight” manuscript speech to hold
audience attention, the audience must be
already interested in the message before the
delivery begins.
Speaking from Memory
Memorized speaking is the rote recitation of a
written message that the speaker has committed to
memory. Actors, of course, recite from memory
whenever they perform from a script in a stage
play, television program, or movie scene. When it
comes to speeches, memorization can be useful
when the message needs to be exact and the
speaker doesn’t want to be confined by notes.
The advantage to memorization is that it
enables the speaker to maintain eye contact
with the audience throughout the speech.
Being free of notes means that you can move
freely around the stage and use your hands
to make gestures. If your speech uses visual
aids, this freedom is even more of an
advantage.
However, there are some real and potential costs.
First, unless you also plan and memorize every vocal
cue (the subtle but meaningful variations in speech
delivery, which can include the use of pitch, tone,
volume, and pace), gesture, and facial expression,
your presentation will be flat and uninteresting, and
even the most fascinating topic will suffer. You might
end up speaking in a monotone or a sing-song
repetitive delivery pattern. You might also present
your speech in a rapid “machine-gun” style that fails
to emphasize the most important points. Second, if
you lose your place and start trying to ad lib, the
contrast in your style of delivery will alert your
audience that something is wrong.
Key Takeaways
There are four main kinds of speech delivery:
impromptu, extemporaneous, manuscript, and
memorized.
Impromptu speaking involves delivering a message
on the spur of the moment, as when someone is
asked to “say a few words.”
Extemporaneous speaking consists of delivering a
speech in a conversational fashion using notes.
This is the style most speeches call for.
Manuscript speaking consists of reading a
fully scripted speech. It is useful when a
message needs to be delivered in precise
words.
Memorized speaking consists of reciting a
scripted speech from memory.
Memorization allows the speaker to be free
of notes.
THANK YOU FOR
LISTENING.

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