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Finding The General Rule of The Sequence

The document provides examples of finding terms in sequences given different rules. It discusses two conditions for finding the general term of a sequence: 1) if the first difference is constant, use a linear equation, and 2) if the first difference varies but the second difference is constant, use a quadratic equation. Examples are worked through step-by-step to find the general terms of sequences using systems of equations.

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Charlene Sallan Galvez
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103 views

Finding The General Rule of The Sequence

The document provides examples of finding terms in sequences given different rules. It discusses two conditions for finding the general term of a sequence: 1) if the first difference is constant, use a linear equation, and 2) if the first difference varies but the second difference is constant, use a quadratic equation. Examples are worked through step-by-step to find the general terms of sequences using systems of equations.

Uploaded by

Charlene Sallan Galvez
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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INTEGRATED MATHEMATICS 10

THE VIRTUAL CLASS WILL BEGIN SHORTLY.


REVIEW
Write the next four terms
of 2, -4, 8, -16

32, -64, 128, -256


What is the first four terms
 

in the sequence given the


nth term
3, 15, 35, 63
What is the tenth term of
 

the sequence

1,021
Find the 23rd term for the
 

given rule

-45
Find the 40th term for the
 

given rule

13
Find the 14th term for the
 

given rule

187
How to find the
General Term of Sequence
Write an equation that
describes the sequence
3, 5, 7, 9, …
2 Conditions in finding the General Term of a Sequence
Note that this process applies only to sequences whose
nature is linear or quadratic.
Condition 1:
If the first difference is constant, use the equation in finding the
 

general rule of the sequence.


3, 6, 9, 12, 15

3 3 3 3 Difference is constant
Condition 2:
If the first difference is not constant and the second difference is
 

constant use the equation


2, 8, 18, 32

6 10 14 Difference is not constant


4 4 Difference is constant
Condition 1
Example
Find the general rule of the Pick 2 sets from the table
 

sequence 7, 9 11, 13, 15 and form 2 equations using


Solution:
 
Create a table of and values. General Equation:
1 2 3 4 5
  𝑎𝑛 +𝑏 =𝑎 𝑛
Equation 1: Equation 2:
7 9 11 13 15   𝑎𝑡 𝑛=1 𝑎 𝑛=7  𝑎𝑡 𝑛=2 𝑎 𝑛= 9
 
Take the difference of .   𝑎𝑛 +𝑏 =𝑎
𝑛
  𝑎𝑛 +𝑏 =𝑎
𝑛
7, 9, 11, 13, 15  
𝑎 (1)+𝑏=7  𝑎 (2)+𝑏=9
 
𝒂 +𝒃 =𝟕  
𝟐 𝒂+𝒃=𝟗
2 2 2 2
The constant difference is 2.
Therefore, the general rule of
the given sequence is linear.
Solve using systems of linear equation Check the general rule by
Elimination Method: substituting the values.
 
2 𝑎+𝑏=9Equation 2: 1 2 3 4 5
 
( − ) 𝑎 +𝑏=7 Equation 1: 7 9 11 13 15
 
𝒂 =𝟐   𝑎 =2 𝑛+5
𝑛
Substitute the value of in
 
 𝑎 =2 ( 1 ) +5=¿7
1
equation 1 or equation 2  𝑎 =2 ( 2 ) + 5=¿
9
2
 
𝑎 +𝑏 =7Equation 1:  𝑎 =2 ( 3 ) +5= ¿
11
 
2 +𝑏 =7 3
 𝑎 = 2 ( 4 ) +5=¿13
 
𝑏 =7 − 2 4
 
𝒃 =𝟓  𝑎 =2 ( 5 ) +5= ¿
5
15
Substitute the values of and in
 
Therefore, the
 

the general equation general rule of the


 𝑎𝑛 +𝑏 =𝑎 𝑛  2 𝑛 +5= 𝑎𝑛 sequence is
 2 ( 𝑛 ) +5= 𝑎   𝒂 =𝟐 𝒏+𝟓
𝑛 𝒏
Condition 2
Example
Find the general rule of the The 2nd difference is 1.
sequence 2, 3, 5, 8, 12 Therefore, the general rule of the
Solution: given sequence is quadratic.
 
Create a table of & values.
1 2 3 4 5
2 3 5 8 12
Take the difference of . If
 

the first difference is not


constant take the second.
2, 3, 5, 8, 12

1 2 3 4

1 1 1
Equation 2:
1 2 3 4 5 𝑎𝑡 𝑛=2 𝑎 2=3
 

2 3 5 8 12   𝑎𝑛2 +𝑏𝑛+𝑐= 𝑎𝑛
2
Pick 3 sets of values from the
 
𝑎 (2) +𝑏 ( 2 ) +𝑐=3
table and form 3 equations. 𝑎 ( 4 ) +2 𝑏+𝑐=3
 

General Equation:  
(2) 4
𝑎𝑛2 +𝑏𝑛+𝑐= 𝑎𝑛
 
Equation 3:
Equation 1: 𝑎𝑡 𝑛=3 𝑎 3=5
 

𝑎𝑡 𝑛=1 𝑎1 =2
  𝑎𝑛2 +𝑏𝑛+𝑐= 𝐴 𝑛
 
2
𝑎𝑛 +𝑏𝑛+𝑐= 𝑎𝑛
  2 𝑎 (3) +𝑏 ( 3 ) +𝑐=5
 

2
𝑎 (1) +𝑏 ( 1 )+ 𝑐=2
 
 
𝑎 ( 9 )+3 𝑏+ 𝑐=5
 
 
𝑎 ( 1 ) +𝑏+𝑐 =2 (3) 9
 
(1)
Solve using systems of linear Substitute the value
 

equation Substitute the of & in equation 1


 

Elimination Method: value of in or 2


 
4 (2) equation 4 or
(-) (1)
  Equation 1:
5  
𝑎+𝑏 +𝑐=2
 
(4)  1
Equation 4:
1
 
(3) − +𝑐 =2
2 2
(-) (1)
   
 
(5)    
𝒄= 𝟐
 
 
(4)
 
(-) (5)  

(4)  
 
 
(-) (5)   1
  𝑎=
  2
Substitute the value of ,
  Check the general rule by
, & in the general substituting the values.
equation. 1 2 3 4 5
2 2 3 5 8 12
𝑎𝑛 +𝑏𝑛 +𝑐= 𝑎𝑛
  1 2 1   1 2
𝑎1 = ( 1 −1+ 4 ) =¿  𝟐
𝑛 − 𝑛+2= 𝑎𝑛 2
2 2   1 2
  1 2 1 𝑎2 = ( 2 − 2+4 )=¿  𝟑
𝑎 𝑛= 𝑛 − 𝑛+2 2
2 2   1 2
𝑎3 = ( 3 −3+4 )=¿  𝟓
2
  1 2   1 2
𝑎 𝑛= (𝑛 − 𝑛+4) 𝑎 4= ( 4 − 4+4 ) =¿  𝟖
2 2
  1 2
𝑎5 = ( 5 −5+4 )=¿ 12
2

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