Cloud

Cloud Computing
Computing 101
101

What is Cloud Computing

Types of Cloud services
Cloud services Vs Traditional hosting
Types of Clouds
Cloud Applications
Cloud Security
Leading Cloud service providers

Created by Raj Panneerselvam

 What is Cloud Computing

• Cloud computing is a general term for anything that involves

delivering hosted services over the Internet .

• These services are broadly divided into three categories:

Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS),

Platform-as-a-Service (PaaS)

Software-as-a-Service (SaaS)
 Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS),
• What is Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)?

• Infrastructure as a Service is a provision model in which an organization outsources

the equipment used to support operations, including storage, hardware, servers and
networking components. The service provider owns the equipment and is responsible
for housing, running and maintaining it. The client typically pays on a per-use basis.
• Characteristics and components of IaaS include:
• Utility computing service and billing model.
• Automation of administrative tasks.
• Dynamic scaling.
• Desktop virtualization.
• Policy-based services.
• Internet connectivity.
• IaaS is one of three main categories of cloud computing service. The other two are
Software as a Service (SaaS) and Platform as a Service (PaaS).
• Infrastructure as a Service is sometimes referred to as Hardware as a Service (
HaaS).
 Platform-as-a-Service (PaaS)

• Platform as a Service (PaaS) is a way to rent hardware, operating systems, storage

and network capacity over the Internet. The service delivery model allows the
customer to rent virtualized servers and associated services for running existing
applications or developing and testing new ones.Platform as a Service (PaaS) is an
outgrowth of Software as a Service (SaaS), a software distribution model in which
hosted software applications are made available to customers over the Internet. PaaS
has several advantages for developers. With PaaS, operating system features can be
changed and upgraded frequently. Geographically distributed development teams can
work together on software development projects. Services can be obtained from
diverse sources that cross international boundaries. Initial and ongoing costs can be
reduced by the use of infrastructure services from a single vendor rather than
maintaining multiple hardware facilities that often perform duplicate functions or
suffer from incompatibility problems. Overall expenses can also be minimized by
unification of programming development efforts.

• On the downside, PaaS involves some risk of "lock-in" if offerings require proprietary
service interfaces or development languages. Another potential pitfall is that the
flexibility of offerings may not meet the needs of some users whose requirements
rapidly evolve.
 Software-as-a-Service (SaaS)
• Software as a Service (SaaS) is a software distribution model in which applications
are hosted by a vendor or service provider and made available to customers over a
network, typically the Internet.SaaS is becoming an increasingly prevalent delivery
model as underlying technologies that support Web services and service-oriented
architecture (SOA) mature and new developmental approaches, such as Ajax, become
popular. Meanwhile, broadband service has become increasingly available to support
user access from more areas around the world.
• SaaS is closely related to the ASP (application service provider) and 
On Demand Computing software delivery models. IDC identifies two slightly different
delivery models for SaaS. The  hosted application management (hosted AM) model is
similar to ASP: a provider hosts commercially available software for customers and
delivers it over the Web. In the  software on demand model, the provider gives
customers network-based access to a single copy of an application created specifically
for SaaS distribution.
• Benefits of the SaaS model include:
• easier administration
• automatic updates and patch management
• compatibility: All users will have the same version of software.
• easier collaboration, for the same reason
• global accessibility.
• The traditional model of software distribution, in which software is purchased for and
installed on personal computers, is sometimes referred to as  software as a product.
 Cloud services Vs Traditional hosting

• A cloud service has three distinct characteristics that

differentiate it from traditional hosting

• It is sold on demand, typically by the minute or the hour;

• it is elastic -- a user can have as much or as little of a service as

they want at any given time;

• And the service is fully managed by the provider (the consumer

needs nothing but a personal computer and Internet access)

 Types of Clouds

• Public Cloud
• Private Cloud
• Hybrid Cloud
• Cloud Backup
• Blue Cloud (IBM Version)
 Public Cloud
• What is a public cloud?
A public cloud is one based on the standard cloud computing model, in which a service
provider makes resources, such as applications and storage, available to the general
public over the Internet. Public cloud services may be free or offered on a pay-per-
usage model.

• The main benefits of using a public cloud service are:

• Easy and inexpensive set-up because hardware, application and bandwidth costs are
covered by the provider.
• Scalability to meet needs.
• No wasted resources because you pay for what you use.
• The term "public cloud" arose to differentiate between the standard model and the 
private cloud, which is a proprietary network or data center that uses cloud
computing technologies, such as virtualization. A private cloud is managed by the
organization it serves. A third model, the hybrid cloud, is maintained by both internal
and external providers.
• Examples of public clouds include Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2), IBM's 
Blue Cloud, Sun Cloud, Google AppEngine and Windows AzureServices Platform.
 Private Cloud

• What is a private cloud?

• Private cloud (also called internal cloud or corporate cloud) is a
marketing term for a proprietary computing architecture that
provides hosted services to a limited number of people behind a 
firewall.
• Advances in virtualization and distributed computing have allowed
corporate network and datacenter administrators to effectively
become service providers that meet the needs of their
"customers" within the corporation.
• Marketing media that uses the words "private cloud" is designed to
appeal to an organization that needs or wants more control over
their data than they can get by using a third-party hosted service
such as Amazon's Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2) or Simple Storage
Service (S3).
 Hybrid Cloud

• What is a hybrid cloud?A hybrid cloud is a cloud computing

 environment in which an organization provides and manages
some resources in-house and has others provided externally.
For example, an organization might use a public cloud
service, such as Amazon Simple Storage Service (Amazon
S3) for archived data but continue to maintain in-house
storage for operational customer data. Ideally, the hybrid
approach allows a business to take advantage of the
scalability and cost-effectiveness that a public cloud
computing environment offers without exposing mission-
critical applications and data to third-party vulnerabilities.
 Cloud Backup
• Cloud backup, also known as online backup, is a strategy for backing up data that
involves sending a copy of the data over a proprietary or public network to an off-
site server. The server is usually hosted by a third-party service provider, who
charges the backup customer a fee based on capacity, bandwidth or number of users.
In the enterprise, the off-site server might be proprietary, but the chargeback
 method would be similar.Online backup systems are typically built around a client
software application that runs on a schedule determined by the level of service the
customer has purchased. If the customer has contracted for daily backups, for
instance, then the application collects, compresses, encrypts and transfers data to
the service provider's servers every 24 hours. To reduce the amount of bandwidth
consumed and the time it takes to transfer files, the service provider might only
provide incremental backups after the initial full backup.
• Third-party cloud backup has gained popularity with small offices and home users
because of its convenience. Capital expenditures for additional hardware are not
required and backups can be run dark, which means they can be run automatically
without manual intervention.
• In the enterprise, cloud backup services are primarily being used for archivingnon-
critical data only. Traditional backup is a better solution for critical data that
requires a short recovery time objective (RTO) because there are physical limits for
how much data can be moved in a given amount of time over a network. When a large
amount of data needs to be recovered, it may need to be shipped on tape or some
other portable storage media. (See: AWS import-export)
• Russ Fellows, Senior Analyst with the Evaluator Group, has put together the following
chart to illustrate when cloud backups should be considered as a viable option.
 Cloud Applications

• Application development,
• Quality assurance,
• Training & demo environments
• Sample Cloud Apps
Google Docs
Microsoft Office in the Cloud
 Major Cloud Service providers

• Amazon
• Google
• Microsoft
• HP
• Rack space Cloud
• Sales Force
• IBM
• Verizon Business
• Savvis
• VMware
• Citrix
• At&T
 Cloud Security
• Applications Security in the cloud
• Data Security
• Cloud Compliance
 Windows Azure

What is Windows Azure?

• Windows Azure is Microsoft's operating system for cloud computing.  

As with other technologies for cloud computing, Windows Azure is intended
to simplify IT management and minimize up-front and ongoing expenses. To
this end, Azure was designed to facilitate the management of scalable Web
applications over the Internet. The hosting and management environment is
maintained at Microsoft data centers. 
• Windows Azure can be used to create, distribute and upgrade Web
applications without the need to maintain expensive, often underutilized
resources onsite. New Web services and applications can be written and
debugged with a minimum of overhead and personnel expense. New
capabilities can be added "on the fly" to existing packaged applications. 
• The Azure operating system is the central component of the company's
Azure Services Platform, which also includes separate application, security,
storage and virtualization service layers and a desktop development
environment. 
 Blue Cloud

• Blue Cloud is an approach to shared infrastructure developed by IBM. The

goal of IBM's Blue Cloud is to provide services that automate fluctuating
demands for IT resources. The set of all the connections involved is
sometimes called the "cloud."The primary objective of the Blue Cloud
project is to facilitate distributed computing within data centers, rather
than performing tasks on individual machines or through remote servers.
Blue Cloud makes use of virtualizedLinux images and parallel workload
scheduling. Blue Cloud also employs IBM's Tivoli software to provide
demand-based performance by provisioning resources among end users and
monitoring the condition of provisioned servers.
• The Blue Cloud concept arose as a result of IBM's research on an
innovation portal called the Technology Adoption Program. Blue Cloud is
supported by hundreds of engineers and developers worldwide and employs 
open sourcesoftware, standards, technology and services. Blue Cloud
offerings are expected to become publicly available in 2008 for systems
with PowerPC andx86 processors.