Scribd
Upload
148 views25 pages

NDT of Materials: Prepared By/ Prepared For

1. Nondestructive testing (NDT) involves testing materials without destroying them to detect defects like cracks and corrosion. 2. NDT is needed for many industrial components to find damage that may be difficult or expensive to detect through regular inspection. Common NDT methods include visual testing, dye penetrant inspection, magnetic particle inspection, ultrasonic testing, and radiographic testing. 3. NDT has wide applications in automotive, aviation, construction, manufacturing, and other industrial sectors to inspect parts like engine components, airframes, bridges, pressure vessels, and pipelines.

Uploaded by

Alex Mendoza
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
148 views25 pages

NDT of Materials: Prepared By/ Prepared For

1. Nondestructive testing (NDT) involves testing materials without destroying them to detect defects like cracks and corrosion. 2. NDT is needed for many industrial components to find damage that may be difficult or expensive to detect through regular inspection. Common NDT methods include visual testing, dye penetrant inspection, magnetic particle inspection, ultrasonic testing, and radiographic testing. 3. NDT has wide applications in automotive, aviation, construction, manufacturing, and other industrial sectors to inspect parts like engine components, airframes, bridges, pressure vessels, and pipelines.

Uploaded by

Alex Mendoza
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 25

Fayoum University

Faculty Of Engineering
Department Of Industrial Engineering

NDT of materials
(Nondestructive Testing of Materials)

Prepared by/
Mohammed abd el- ghani
1st I.E.D.
/Prepared for
Dr/ Masoud Ibrahim
:Definition .1

Nondestructive testing (NDT)→


→ Nondestructive examination (NDE)
→ Nondestructive inspection (NDI)

Is testing that does not destroy the test object,►


To detect different defects such as cracking and
corrosion

2
: The need for NDT .2
many industrial components need regular nondestructive
tests to detect damage that may be difficult or
:expensive to find by everyday methods. For example

Aircraft skins need regular checking to detect→


cracks.
→ Pressure vessels may develop cracks in welds.
→ Underground pipelines are subject to corrosion and
stress corosion cracking.
.→ And in a lot of industrial and structure applications

3
:Applications .3
Engine parts, Frame. Automotive
Airframes , Spaceframes , Propellers , Aviation /
Reciprocating Engines, Gas Turbine Aerospace
Engines , Rocketry.
Structures , Bridges. Construction
Machine parts, Castings and Forgings. Manufacturing
Pressure vessels ,Storage tanks ,Welds Industrial plants
,Boilers ,Heat exchangers ,Turbine bores ,In-
plant Piping.
Pipelines , Railways , Tubular NDT, for Tubing Miscellaneous
material, Corrosion Under Insulation
(CUI) ,Amusement park rides, Submarines
and other Naval warships. 4
:Methods and techniques .4

Visual Testing. .1
2. Dye penetrant inspection.
3. Magnetic Particle Inspection.
4. Ultrasonic testing.
.5. Radiographic (X-ray) testing

5
:Visual Testing .1

. Most widely used


 Typical tools for VT consist of:
→Magnifying glasses.
→ Flashlights.
. → Tape measures or calipers
. Experience of the inspector is important

6
:Dye penetrant inspection .2

:Principles►

adequate penetration time has been allowed. →


→ the excess penetrant is removed.
→ a developer is applied.
→ the developer helps to draw penetrant out of the flaw.
.→ a visible indication becomes visible to the inspector

7
:Materials►

Visible penetrants are typically red in color, and►


.represent the lowest sensitivity

Fluorescent penetrants contain two or more dyes►


that fluoresce when excited by ultraviolet (UV-A)
radiation (also known as black light)
It is performed in a darkened environment.
It is more sensitive to small defects

8
:Inspection Steps►

.Pre-cleaning .1
. Application of Penetrant .2
Excess Penetrant Removal .3
.Application of Developer .4
Inspection .5
Post Cleaning .6

9
”.Inspection Steps: “Cont►
Section of material with .1
a surface-breaking crack
that is not visible to the
naked eye.

2. Penetrant is applied to
the surface.

3. Excess penetrant is
removed.

4. Developer is applied,
rendering the crack visible
10
:Features►

The flaws are more visible, because: )1


a- The defect indication has a high visual contrast.
. b- The developer draws the penetrant out of the flaw
.Limited training is required for the operator )2
.Low testing costs )3

11
:Magnetic Particle Inspection .3

It is to generate magnetic flux in the article to be


examined
 with the flux lines running along the surface
 the flux lines approach a discontinuity they will stray
.out into the air at the mouth of the crack

12
:Inspection Steps►

.Component pre-cleaning .1
.Introduction of magnetic field .2
.Application of magnetic media .3
Interpretation of magnetic particle .4
.indications

13
”.Inspection Steps: “Cont►

14
:Introduction of the Magnetic Field→

1.Using a permanent magnet or an electromagnet that


contacts the test piece

2.Flowing an electrical current through the specimen

3.Flowing an electrical current through a coil of wire


around the part or through a central conductor running
near the part.

15
:Advantages of Magnetic Particle Inspection►

Can detect both surface and near sub- .1


surface defects

2. Considered low cost compared to many


other NDT methods

3. Is a very portable inspection method


especially when used with battery powered
equipment

16
:Limitations of Magnetic Particle Inspection►

Cannot inspect non-ferrous materials such as.1


aluminum, magnesium or most stainless steels.
2. Inspection of large parts may require use of
equipment with special power requirements.
3.Some parts may require removal of coating or
plating to achieve desired inspection sensitivity.
4.Post cleaning, and post demagnetization is often
.necessary

17
:Ultrasonic testing .4
?How it works►
In ultrasonic testing, an→
ultrasound transducer
connected to a diagnostic
machine is passed over the
object being inspected.
→The transducer is typically
separated from the test object
by a couplant (such as oil) or
by water, as in immersion
.testing

18
”.Ultrasonic testing: “Cont

There are two methods of receiving the ultrasound waveform:►


1. reflection mode→the transducer performs both the sending
and the receiving of the pulsed waves as the "sound" is reflected
.back to the device
Attenuation mode→a transmitter sends ultrasound through .2
one surface, and a separate receiver detects the amount that has
.reached it on another surface after traveling through the medium

The diagnostic machine displays these results in the form of a►


signal with an amplitude representing the intensity of the
reflection and the distance, representing the arrival time of the
reflection

19
:Advantages►

High penetrating power, which allows the detection of .1


.flaws deep in the part

High sensitivity, permitting the detection of extremely .2


.small flaws

Greater accuracy than other nondestructive methods .3


.in determining the depth of internal flaws

Capable of portable or highly automated operation .4

20
:Disadvantages►

Parts that are rough, irregular in shape, very small or .1


.thin, or not homogeneous are difficult to inspect

Inspected items must be water resistant, when using .2


water based couplants that do not contain rust
.inhibitors

Manual operation requires careful attention by .3


.experienced technicians

21
:Radiographic (X-ray) testing .5

Is a nondestructive testing (NDT) method


of inspecting materials for hidden flaws
by using the ability of short wavelength
electromagnetic radiation (high energy
.photons) to penetrate various materials

22
:Inspection►

Before commencing a radiographic→


examination, it is always advisable to examine
the component with one's own eyes, to
.eliminate any possible external defects
If the surface of a weld is too irregular, it may→
be desirable to grind it to obtain a smooth
.finish
The beam of radiation must be directed to the→
.middle of the section under examination

23
”.Inspection: “Cont►

The specimen to be→


inspected is placed
between the source of
radiation and the
.detecting device
usually the film in a light→
tight holder or cassette,
and the radiation is
allowed to penetrate the
part for the required
length of time to be
.adequately recorded
24
Eng/MA

Eng/Mohammed Abd El-Ghani 25

You might also like