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Botany

This document discusses genetics and heredity. It explains that genetics is the transmission of traits from parents to offspring. Genetic mutations and variations between parents and offspring are caused by both genetic and environmental factors. The key points are: 1. Genetics is the process by which traits are passed from parents to offspring. Genetic mutations and variations occur through both inherited genetic differences and environmental influences. 2. DNA contains the genetic instructions that are passed down from generation to generation. Genes located on chromosomes are the basic units of heredity that determine an organism's traits and control the production of proteins. 3. Variations can be either continuous small differences influenced by environment, or discontinuous large distinct

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Dewanand Giri
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55 views

Botany

This document discusses genetics and heredity. It explains that genetics is the transmission of traits from parents to offspring. Genetic mutations and variations between parents and offspring are caused by both genetic and environmental factors. The key points are: 1. Genetics is the process by which traits are passed from parents to offspring. Genetic mutations and variations occur through both inherited genetic differences and environmental influences. 2. DNA contains the genetic instructions that are passed down from generation to generation. Genes located on chromosomes are the basic units of heredity that determine an organism's traits and control the production of proteins. 3. Variations can be either continuous small differences influenced by environment, or discontinuous large distinct

Uploaded by

Dewanand Giri
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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G

Mutations

enetics
Happen
h i
s
d ti y / h e ir MESSAGES

e re an ce
H he ri t -Process of transmission of
traits from parents to their
offsprings.
HEY Dad!!!No I'm not...

In
-Helps to explain YEAH GOOD SEN
● How children tend to D
Q WE R T Y U I O P
resemble their parents A S D F G H J K L
● How. Genetic disease
runs in a family Z X C V B N M

p Complex disordera and


multifactorial disorders are
caused by combination of
genetic and environmental
SPACE

factors.
Variation
● Visible differences
between parents and
offsprings or between
offsprings of same
parents.
On basis of cell Variation , variation can be divided into two types :

i n al l ce lls
Germ germin a
● Occu Somatic
u r s in n if ic an t
cc ig r
● Gene
rs in soma
tic cells ● O etically s aterial fo
en m
tically insig
nific ● G vide raw
● Acqui
red in lifetim ant Pr o ! !! ! !! ! !! !
e lost in de ●
o lu tion c a u se s o s s ing
ath e v ible (c r
● Enviro
Possible ca
uses!!!!!!!!! Poss mbination
nmental fa
c
!! R eco
● Use a tor ●
● Conci
nd disuse o
f organs over) on
ous effort M utati
●
On basis of differences produced, Variation can be
divided into Continuous and Discontinuous Discontinuous
Variations ● Large,distinct and sudden
● Heritable and provide raw
material for evolution
● Not common
● Is not affected by
environmental condition
Continuous
● Small and indistinct
● Affect size,weight,shape and
colour
● Fluctuates with
environmental condition
● Not heritable
● Very common and occurs in
all organisms
Tips to remember

The physical basis of heredity is Gene while chemical


basis of heredity is Gene .
DNA

● Hereditary material which inputs


messages for all vital activities
● Transmits messages from one
generation to another

Concept of DNA as genetic material was


supported by experiment conducted by
Federick Griffith in 1928.
Genes
Genes Genes

● Located in
● Basic unit of chromosomes linearly
heredity ● Occupies specific
● position called locus
Segment of DNA on ● Each Gene has two
a chromosome alleles
● Describes how to ● Determine phenotype
and genotype
make a certain Constitution
protein ● Duplicate or multiply
on their own
The bracnch of science
dealing with it is called
Genetics .
& DNA
V .V.Imp.

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