IAIN PURWOKERTO

Basic Sentence
Pattern
Meeting 3
with Mrs. Desi Wijayanti Ma’rufah, M.Pd
Learning Objectives
By the end of this lesson, the
students will be able to

 write sentences using

several basic sentence
patterns.
 Basic Sentence Patterns
Sentence relationships define the functions of the 8 parts of
speech: nouns, verbs (including auxiliary verbs), adjectives,
adverbs, articles, conjunctions, pronouns, and prepositions). 

1 SUBJECT+ ACTION VERB SUBJECT+VERB+DIRECT OBJECT+

5 OBJECT COMPLEMENT

2 SUBJECT+ACTION VERB+ADVERB SUBJECT+LINKING VERB+

6 SUBJECT COMPLEMENT
(PREDICATE NOMATIVE)

3 SUBJECT+VERB+DIRECT OBJECT SUBJECT+LINKING VERB+

7 SUBJECT COMPLEMENT
(PREDICATE ADJECTIVE)
SUBJECT+VERB+INDIRECT OBJECT+
4 DIRECT OBJECT
 Pattern 1
SUBJECT+ ACTION VERB
 The basic Subject/Verb sentence pattern consists of a
subject and a verb.
Azam runs.
 The part of the sentence that includes the verb is called the
predicate.
 To find the verb, ask yourself, “What happens?”
 In the sentence above, the action is runs, so runs is the verb.
 The simple subject is the word that acts or
causes the action.
 To find the simple subject, ask yourself, “Who
or what barks?”
 The simple subject is Adam, the word that
answers this question
 Pattern 2
SUBJECT+ACTION VERB+ADVERB

One of the things adverbs do is

modify verbs. This means that they
describe the way an action is
happening.
 Adverb of manner: An adverb of manner will explain
how an action is carried out. 
e.g. The dinner party went badly.
The employee worked carefully.
 Adverb of place: An adverb of place will help explain
where an action happens:  providing context for direction,
distance and position.
e.g.  I looked there.
Jane is moving far away.
The cat is sleeping on the bed.
 Adverb of frequency: used to
express time or how often
something occurs.
e.g. The newspaper is
bought daily.
I will always love.
 Adverb of time: while seemingly similar to adverbs of
frequency, tell us when something happens.
e.g.  I have to go now.
Tomorrow Nina didn’t attend.

The students sit here.

The class worked like a team.
Before school, in the gym, the class worked like a team.
 Pattern 3
SUBJECT+ACTION VERB+DIRECT OBJECT

Some verbs require a direct object, which is

a noun or pronoun that receives the action
of the verb. Examine this sentence:
John drove the car.
 Who or what did the action? Subject
 To find a direct object, ask whom or what? after the
verb.
 John drove the car, so car is the direct object.
 Thus, the subject does the action, and the direct
object receives the action.
 Pattern 4
SUBJECT+VERB+INDIRECT OBJECT+DIRECT OBJECT

The indirect object answers the question to whom or what? or for

whom or what? and always appears between the verb and the
direct object.
I sent John a gift.
 To find the direct object, ask, “I sent whom or what?” I sent a gift, so
gift is the direct object.
 To find the indirect object, ask, “To whom did I send the gift?” I sent
the gift to John, so John is the indirect object.
To what? I mailed the electric company my check.
= I mailed (to) the electric company my check.
For whom? I baked Zachary some brownies. =
I baked (for) Zachary some brownies.
For what? The alumni bought the school a new van. =
The alumni bought (for) the school a new van.
 Pattern 5
SUBJECT+VERB+DIRECT OBJECT+
OBJECT COMPLEMENT

An object complement always follows the direct object

and either renames or describes the direct object.
She named the baby Bruce.
Now ask, “Whom or what did she name?” She named the
baby, so baby is the direct object. Any word following the
direct object that renames or describes the direct object is
an object complement. She named the baby Bruce, so Bruce
is the object complement.
He called the man a liar.
I consider you my friend.
 Pattern 6
SUBJECT+LINKING VERB+SUBJECT
COMPLEMENT (PREDICATE NOMATIVE)
Linking verbs are verbs that serve as a
connection between a subject and further
information about that subject. Linking verbs
that are usually followed by P. Nomative are to
be.
A predicate nominative (also called a predicate noun) is a
word or group of words that completes a linking verb and
renames the subject.
Wahid was a policeman.
A cat is man's best friend.
(A predicate nominative can also be a noun phrase, i.e., a noun made
up of more than one word.)
 Pattern 7
SUBJECT+LINKING VERB+SUBJECT COMPLEMENT
(PREDICATE ADJECTIVE)

 A predicate adjective is a subject complement, a word or group

of words that follows a linking verb or verb phrase such
as is, am, were, smell, feel, taste, look, sound, have been, and
did seem.
 A predicate adjective helps to describe the subject or subjects
in a sentence by giving information about characteristics such
as the subjects’ appearances and feelings.

This soup tastes great.

Mrs. Desi is kind and helpful.
The shoes look expensive.
 References
https://
www.grammar-monster.com/glossary/predicate_
adjectives.htm
https://
www.grammar-monster.com/glossary/predicate_
nominative.htm
https://www.grammarly.com/blog/adverb/
https://www.grammarly.com/blog/adverb/
https://www.gingersoftware.com/content/grammar-rul
es/adverb
/
https://support.lexercise.com/hc/en-us
____, 2010. Cengage Learning: Chapter 2. Sentence
Pattern. Wadsworth
Exercise 1

Exercise 2
 Assignment
 Write sentences using seven basic sentence
patterns; each pattern create three sentences!
thank you!