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Design Process 1

The document discusses the design process, providing examples of design processes used in different fields. It outlines a 12-step design process that involves defining problems, brainstorming solutions, researching ideas, specifying constraints, exploring possibilities, selecting an approach, developing proposals, prototyping, testing designs, refining, creating the final solution, and communicating results. The design phase is described as critical to determining a product's success by impacting its costs, quality, and other factors.

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Ayesha Tahir
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
68 views

Design Process 1

The document discusses the design process, providing examples of design processes used in different fields. It outlines a 12-step design process that involves defining problems, brainstorming solutions, researching ideas, specifying constraints, exploring possibilities, selecting an approach, developing proposals, prototyping, testing designs, refining, creating the final solution, and communicating results. The design phase is described as critical to determining a product's success by impacting its costs, quality, and other factors.

Uploaded by

Ayesha Tahir
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Design Process

Overview
What is Design?

The word “design” is often used as a


generic term that refers to anything that
was made by a conscious human effort.
Design is also a process that is used to
systematically solve problems.
Abstract Design Functional Design

Aesthetic Design Aesthetic & Functional Design


What is a Design Process?

A design process is a systematic


problem-solving strategy, with criteria
and constraints, used to develop
many possible solutions to solve or
satisfy human needs or wants and to
narrow down the possible solutions to
one final choice.
– ITEA Standards for Technological Literacy
Design Process

There are several design processes


used in the different technical fields.
The following are examples.
Example Design Process
1. Identifying problems and
opportunities
2. Framing a design brief
3. Investigation and research
4. Generating alternative solutions
5. Choosing a solution
6. Developmental work
7. Modeling and prototyping
8. Testing and evaluating
9. Redesigning and improving
– Design and Problem Solving in Technology
Example Design Process
1. Identify the need
2. Define the criteria
3. Explore/research/investigate
4. Generate alternate solutions
5. Choose a solution
6. Develop the solution
7. Model/prototype
8. Test and evaluate
9. Redesign and improve
– Engineering Drawing and Design (3rd edition)
The Adopted Design
Process for PLTW courses

The following is the design process


used for this course.
Example Design Process
1. Define a Problem
2. Brainstorm
3. Research and Generate Ideas
4. Identify Criteria and Specify
Constraints
5. Explore Possibilities
6. Select an Approach
7. Develop a Design Proposal
8. Make a Model or Prototype
9. Test and Evaluate the Design using
Specifications
10. Refine the Design
11. Create or Make Solution
12. Communicate Processes and Results

– ITEA Standards for Technological Literacy


1. Define a Problem

• Receive a problem to solve from the


client.
• Gather information.
• Be inspired through media exposure of a
current problem and take action.
2. Brainstorm
• A group problem-solving process in which each
person in the group presents ideas in an open
forum.
• Generate and record ideas.
• Keep the mind alert through rapidly paced
sessions.
• Develop preliminary ideas.
3. Research and Generate Ideas
• Conduct interviews with those affected by the
problem.
• Research solutions that may already exist;
identify shortcomings and reasons why they
aren’t appropriate to a given situation.
• Compile ideas and report findings to the team.
4. Identify Criteria and Specify
Constraints
• Identify what the solution should do and the
degree to which the solution will be pursued.
• Identify constraints (i.e., budget and time are
typical considerations).
• Draft the Design Brief.
5. Explore Possibilities
• Consider further development of
brainstorming ideas with constraints and
tradeoffs.
• Explore alternative ideas based on further
knowledge and technologies.
6. Select an Approach

• Review brainstormed information and answer


any lingering questions.
• Narrow ideas down through a voting process, or
by use of a decision matrix.
• Decide on final idea, usually through group
consensus.
7. Develop a Design Proposal
• Explore the idea in greater detail with annotated
sketches.
• Make critical decisions such as material types
and manufacturing methods.
• Generate through computer models detailed
sketches to further refine the idea.
• Produce working drawings so the idea can be
built.
8. Make a Model or Prototype

• Make models to help communicate the idea, and


study aspects such as shape, form, fit, or
texture.
• Construct a prototype from the working
drawings, so the solution can be tested.
Design using
Specifications
• Design experiments and test the prototype in
controlled and working environments.
• Gather performance data; analyze and check
results against established criteria.
• Conduct a formal critique to flesh out areas of
concerns, identify shortcomings, and establish
any need for redesign work.
10. Refine the Design
• Make design changes; modify or rebuild the
prototype.
• Make refinements until accuracy and
repeatability of the prototype’s performance
results are consistent.
• Update documentation to reflect changes.
• Receive user’s critique to provide outside
perspective to help determine if established
criteria have been met.
11. Create or Make Solution
• Determine custom/mass production.
• Consider packaging.
12. Communicate Processes
and Results
• Communicate the designer’s final solution
through media such as PowerPoint, poster
session, technical report.
• Market the Product.
• Distribute.
Product life cycle
• Design phase
• Manufacturing phase
• Product usage phase
• Disposal phase

The design phase is the most critical

• Determines the product success or failure in the market place.


• Has a direct impact on product cost, quality, manufacturing,
maintenance cost, and disposal cost.
• Approximately 80% of the product cost is fixed at the design
stage;
it is easier and less costly to change the design in early phases.

Reduction in cost and lead time and improvements in product quality


must be sought from all areas of a product-life cycle.
Computer Integrated Design and
Manufacturing
Companies must deliver products to customers at the
minimum possible cost, the best possible quality, and
the minimum lead time starting from the product
conception stage to final delivery, service and
disposal.
The core of computer technology includes:
Computer-Aided Design (CAD)
geometric modeling

Computer-Aided Manufacturing (CAM)


Computer Numeric Control (CNC)

Computer-Aided Engineering (CAE) Analysis


Finite Element Analysis (FEA)

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