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Long Span Structure

This document discusses different types of long span structures that have spans greater than 20m. It describes various types of beams like castellated beams, tapered beams, stub girders, and lattice beams. It also discusses different types of trusses like pitched roof trusses, parallel chord trusses, and trapezoidal trusses. Additionally, it covers arches and provides examples of arch structures like the Idukki Arch Dam in Kerala and the Hoover Dam.

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Prashant Borge
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154 views

Long Span Structure

This document discusses different types of long span structures that have spans greater than 20m. It describes various types of beams like castellated beams, tapered beams, stub girders, and lattice beams. It also discusses different types of trusses like pitched roof trusses, parallel chord trusses, and trapezoidal trusses. Additionally, it covers arches and provides examples of arch structures like the Idukki Arch Dam in Kerala and the Hoover Dam.

Uploaded by

Prashant Borge
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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LONG SPAN

STRUCTURE

By Prashant Borge

S T R U C T U R E W I T H S PA N L A R G E R T H A N 2 0 M C A N
B E R E G A R D E D A S L O N G S PA N S T R U C T U R E
TYPE OF STRUCTURE

Classification based on
• beams
• Trusses
• Arch
• Cable
• Tent
• Pnumatic
TYPE OF BEAMS

• Castellated beams.
• Tapered beam.
• Stub girders.
• Lattice beam.
BASIC EQUATION
CASTELLATED BEAM.
ADVANTAGE

• They are light and strong.


• They are cheap.
• Easy to assemble at the construction site.
• The openings in the web simplify the work of the installer and the
electrician, since taking pipes across beams presents no problems. After
all, the web of the beam already has many wide openings by nature.
• ceiling systems, can also be installed easily. And castellated beams are
ELEGANT.
Most architects rate the aesthetic value of a castellated beam highly.
TAPERED BEAM
BASIC PRINCIPLE
STUB GIRDER
LATTICE BEAM

• A lattice girder is a girder where the flanges are connected by


a lattice web.
TRUSSES

• A truss is essentially a triangulated system of (usually) straight


interconnected structural elements; it is sometimes also referred to as
an open web girder. The individual elements are connected at nodes;
the connections are often assumed to be nominally pinned. The
external forces applied to the system and the reactions at the supports
are generally applied at the nodes. When all the members and applied
forces are in a same plane, the system is a plane or 2D truss.
TYPE OF TRUSS

• Pitched roof trusses.


• Parallel chord trusses.
• Trapezoidal trusses.
PITCHED ROOF TRUSSES
PARALLEL CHORD TRUSS
TRAPEZOIDAL TRUSS
ADVANTAGES

• Long span
• Lightweight
• Reduced deflection (compared to plain members)
• Opportunity to support considerable loads.
ARCH

•  A usually curved structure forming the upper edge of an open space a
nd supporting the  weight above it, as in a bridge or doorway.
• A structure, such as a freestanding monument, shaped like an inverted 
U.
•  A curve with the ends down and the middle 
up: the arch of a raised eyebrow.
TYPE OF ARCHES

Geometrical classification
• Parabolic arch
• Unsymmetrical arch
• Semi circular arch
• Segmental arch
Support conditions
• Three hinged arch
• Two hinged arch
• Fixed arch
GEOMETRY OF ARCH

• Parabolic arch : y= 4rx(L-x)


L²
• Segmental arch :y(2R-y)=(L²/4)
• Semi Circular arch: y= R
• Unsymmetrical arch: y=kx²
IDUKKI ARCH DAM,KERALA. HEIGHT
168.91 M LENGTH365.85 M
HOOVER DAM ,COLORADO[1935].
SPAN 379M,HT.221M
ORIENTE_STATION_LISBOA/PORTUG
AL
TAMA ART UNIVERSITY LIBRARY,
TOKYO, JAPAN
LOS ANGELES AIRPORT IN1961
 WIMBLEY STADIUM , 134-METRE-HIGH

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