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Time Study: Presented By: Barrameda, Ma. Jeryl de Asis, Shaina Mae Padiernos, Angelica Podaca, Rica Chamille

This document discusses time study techniques used to establish production standards. It defines a time standard as the time required to complete a specific task by a well-trained worker under normal conditions. Time standards are important for determining equipment needs, staffing levels, scheduling, and measuring performance. The document describes several time study techniques including predetermined time standards, stopwatch time studies, work sampling, using standard data, and expert opinion. It also covers procedures for rating workers, applying allowances, and using time standards in manufacturing facility design.

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Balmori Bernadeth Ann
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121 views

Time Study: Presented By: Barrameda, Ma. Jeryl de Asis, Shaina Mae Padiernos, Angelica Podaca, Rica Chamille

This document discusses time study techniques used to establish production standards. It defines a time standard as the time required to complete a specific task by a well-trained worker under normal conditions. Time standards are important for determining equipment needs, staffing levels, scheduling, and measuring performance. The document describes several time study techniques including predetermined time standards, stopwatch time studies, work sampling, using standard data, and expert opinion. It also covers procedures for rating workers, applying allowances, and using time standards in manufacturing facility design.

Uploaded by

Balmori Bernadeth Ann
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Time Study

Presented by:
Barrameda, Ma. Jeryl
De Asis, Shaina Mae
Padiernos, Angelica
Podaca, Rica Chamille
TIME STANDARD
Defined as “the time required to produce a product at a
workstation with the following three (3) conditions:
1. A qualified, well-trained operator
2. Working at a normal pace
3. Doing a specific task
IMPORTANCE OF TIME STUDY
The importance of time standards can be shown by three (3)
statistics: 60, 85, and 120 percent performance
USES OF TIME STUDY
6.
TheDetermine individual
time standard worker performance ad identify and correct
is used to:
problematic operations
1. Determine the number of machine tools to buy
7. Pay incentive wages for outstanding team or individual performance
2. Determine the number of production people to employ
8.
3. Evaluate
Determinecost reduction ideas
manufacturing costsand
andpick theprices
selling most economical method
based on cost analysis, not on opinion
4. Schedule the machines, operations, and people to do the job and to deliver
9. Evaluate newsmaller
on time with equipment purchases to justify their expense
inventories
10.
5. Develop
Determineoperation personnel
the assembly budgetsand
line balance to the
measure management
conveyor belt speed, load the
performance
work cells with the correct amount of work, and balance the work cells cells
TECHNIQUES OF TIME STUDY
Five (5) techniques of time standard development:
1. Predetermined time standard systems
2. Stopwatch time study
3. Work sampling
4. Standard data
5. Expert opinion standard and historical data
• Predetermined Time Standards Systems
(PTSS)
 Is used when a time standard is needed during a planning phase
of a new product development program

THERBLIGS
• Stopwatch Time Study

 Is the method that most manufacturing employees think of


when talking about time standards
 Fredrich W. Taylor (1880)
Types of stopwatches that could be used:
1. Snapback: in one hundredths of a minute
2. Continuous: in one hundredths of a minute
3. Three watches: continuous watches
4. Digital: in one thousandths of a minute
5. TMU(time-measured unit): in one hundredths thousands of an hour
6. Computer: in one thousandths of a minute
• Work sampling

 Same scientific process used in Nielsen ratings, Gallop polls,


attitude surveys, and federal unemployment statistics
• Standard Data

 Should be the objective of every motion and time study


department
 Are the fastest and cheapest technique of setting time standard,
and standard data can be more accurate and consistent than any
other technique of time study
• Expert opinion time standards and historical data

 Is an estimation of the time required to do a specific job. This


estimate is made by a person with a great experience base.
TIME STUDY PROCEDURE AND
THE STEP-BY-STEP FORM
STEP 6.
1. Determine
Select the job
thetonumber
study of cycles to be timed

STEP 7.
2. Rate,
Collect
level,
information
and normalize
about the job
operator’s performance

STEP 8.
3. Apply
Divideallowances
the job into elements

STEP 9.
4. Check
Do the for
actual
logictime study

STEP 10.
5. Publish
Extend the
thetime
timestudy
standard
Rating, Leveling and Normalizing

Rating
Rating
an operator
is the process
includes
of adjusting
four (4) factors:
the time taken by an
individual
• Skill operator to what could be expected from a normal
operator.
• Consistency
• Working conditions
• Effort
ALLOWANCES
Are extra time added to the normal time to make the time standard
practical and attainable
Types of allowances:
1. Personal
2. Fatigue
3. Delay
Personal allowance
Is that time an employee is allowed for personal activities such
as:
• Talking to friends about nonwork subjects
• Going to the bathroom
• Getting a drink
• Any other operator-controlled reason for not working
Fatigue allowance
Is that time an employee is allowed for recuperation from
fatigue. Given to employees in the form of work breaks, more
commonly known as coffee breaks.
Delay allowances
Are unavoidable because they are out of the operator’s control.
Something happens to prevent the operator from working.
METHODS OF APPLYING
ALLOWANCES
1. 18.5 Hours per 1,000
2. Constant allowance added to total normal time
3. Elemental allowances technique
4. The PF&D Elemental allowance technique
TIME STANDARDS FOR
MANUFACTURING FACILITIES DESIGN
Time standards are used for five (5) main purposes in facilities design:
1. Determining the number of workstations and machines
2. Determining the number of people
3. Determining conveyor line speeds
4. Balancing assembly and packout lines
5. Loading work cells

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