Mobile phone networks
Network and telecommunications
Under the supervision of :dr. tariq alalwany
Fatima maytham
Manare fares
What will we learn in this lecture ?
What is mobile phone?
How Do mobile Phones Work?
How do mobile networks work?
Types of Mobile Networks
Mobile phone network components
How do mobile networks work?
Mobile networks are also known as cellular networks. They're made up of "cells," which
are areas of land that are typically hexagonal, have at least one transceiver cell tower
within their area, and use various radio frequencies.
These cells connect to one another and to telephone switches or exchanges. Cell towers
connect to each other to hand off packets of signals — data, voice, and text messaging —
ultimately bringing these signals to mobile devices such as phones and tablets that act as
receivers
How do mobile networks work?
Mobile networks have become the backbone of telecommunications, with the widespread
adoption of smartphones, tablets, and other mobile devices.
Types of Mobile Networks
The mobile technologies that large mobile service providers use varies, and mobile devices
are built to use the technology of the intended carrier and region. The two main mobile
technologies in use are Global System for Mobile communications (GSM), which is an
international standard, and Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), owned by
Qualcomm.
GSM phones don't work on CDMA networks, and vice versa. Long-Term Evolution (LTE)
is based on GSM and offers greater network capacity and speed
Types of Mobile Networks
Verizon, Sprint, and US Cellular use CDMA technology, while AT&T, T-Mobile, and most
other providers around the world use GSM. This makes GSM the most widely used mobile
network technology
What is mobile phone?
A mobile phone, cellular phone, cell phone, cellphone, or hand phone, sometimes
shortened to simply mobile, cell or just phone, is a portable telephone that can
make and receive calls over a radio frequency link while the user is moving
within a telephone service area.
The radio frequency link establishes a connection to the switching systems of a
mobile phone operator, which provides access to the public switched telephone
network (PSTN). Modern mobile telephone services use a cellular network
architecture, and, therefore, mobile telephones are called cellular telephones or
cell phones, in North America. In addition to telephony
How Do mobile Phones Work?
With worldwide mobile subscriptions estimated to be around 7 billion in 2014, cell phones
have become a universal and indispensable tool for modern life. With a cell phone, you can
talk to anybody on the planet from almost anywhere. But do you really know how your cell
phone works?
In the most basic form, a cell phone is essentially a two-way radio, consisting of a radio
transmitter and a radio receiver. When you chat with your friend on your cell phone, your
phone converts your voice into an electrical signal, which is then transmitted via radio
waves to the nearest cell tower. The network of cell towers then relays the radio wave to
your friend’s cell phone, which converts it to an electrical signal and then back to sound
again. In the basic form, a cell phone works just like a walkie-talkie.
Mobile phone network components
Radio Waves
Cell phones use radio waves to communicate. Radio waves transport digitized voice or
data in the form of oscillating electric and magnetic fields, called the electromagnetic field
(EMF). The rate of oscillation is called frequency. Radio waves carry the information and
travel in air at the speed of light.
Mobile phone network components
Antenna
Cell phones contain at least one radio antenna in order to transmit or receive radio signals.
An antenna converts an electric signal to the radio wave (transmitter) and vice versa
(receiver). Some cell phones use one antenna as the transmitter and receiver while others,
such as the iPhone 5, have multiple transmitting or receiving antennas.
Mobile phone network components
Connectivity
As mentioned earlier, a cell phone is a two-way wireless communication device and needs
both the inbound signal (reception) and the outbound signal (transmission) to work. The
magnitude of the received signal from the cell tower is called the “signal strength”, which
is commonly indicated by the “bars” on your phone. The connectivity between a cell phone
and its cellular network depends on both signals and is affected by many factors, such as
the distance between the phone and the nearest cell tower, the number of impediments
between them and the wireless technology (e.g. GSM vs. CDMA
How does the mobile work?
As you chat away, your phone converts your voice into an electrical signal, which is then
transmitted as radio waves and converted back into sound by your friend's phone. A
basic mobile phone is therefore little more than a combined radio transmitter and a radio
receiver, quite similar to a walkie-talkie or CB radio
References :
• Software engines
• Smart view
• Google
• Wikipedia
• Google image
• Net gate
