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Computer Generations

The document summarizes the five generations of computers from 1946 to the present. The first generation used vacuum tubes and punch cards, the second used transistors, the third integrated circuits, the fourth very large scale integration circuits, and the fifth uses ultra large scale integration microprocessor chips and focuses on parallel processing and artificial intelligence. Each generation brought increased processing power, reduced size and cost, and new programming languages and operating systems.

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Karan Matale
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46 views

Computer Generations

The document summarizes the five generations of computers from 1946 to the present. The first generation used vacuum tubes and punch cards, the second used transistors, the third integrated circuits, the fourth very large scale integration circuits, and the fifth uses ultra large scale integration microprocessor chips and focuses on parallel processing and artificial intelligence. Each generation brought increased processing power, reduced size and cost, and new programming languages and operating systems.

Uploaded by

Karan Matale
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Generations of Computers

First Generation (1946-1959)

• Vacuum Tube Technology


• Slow, Huge, and Expensive
• Vacuum Tubes used as the basic components of
CPU and Memory.
• Batch operating system and Punch cards.
• Magnetic tape and paper tape used as a input and
output devices.
Popular First Generation Computers are:

• ENIAC(Electronic Numerical Integrator and


Computer)
• EDVAC(Electronic Discrete Variable Automatic
Computer)
• UNIVACI(Universal Automatic Computer)
• IBM-701
• IBM-650
Second Generation (1959-1965)

• Transistor Technology.
• Cheap, compact and consume less power.
• Faster than first generation computers.
• Magnetic cores used as primary memory.
• Magnetic disc and tapes used as secondary storage.
• Assembly and programming languages like COBOL
and FORTRAN.
• Batch processing and multiprogramming OS used.
Popular second generation computers are

• IBM 1620
• IBM 7094
• CDC 1604
• CDC 3600
• UNIVAC 1108
Third Generation (1965-1971)

• Integrated Circuits (ICs).


• IC can pack huge number of transistors.
• Increased the power of computer.
• Reduced the cost.
• Became more reliable efficient and smaller.
• Remote processing, time-sharing, multi
programming.
• High level languages FORTRON-II to IV, COBOL,
PASCAL PL/1, ALGOL-68.
Popular third generation computers are

• IBM-360 series
• Honeywell-6000 series
• PDP(Personal Data Processor)
• IBM-370/168
• TDC-316
Fourth Generation (1971-1980)

• VLSI (Very Large Scale Integrated) Technology.


• VLSI containing Millions of transistors and other
circuit elements.
• More compact, powerful, fast and affordable.
• Real time, time sharing and distributed OS.
• Programming languages like C, C++, DBASE.
 Popular fourth generation computers are

• DEC 10
• STAR 1000
• PDP 11
• CRAY-1(Super Computer)
• CRAY-X-MP(Super Computer)
Fifth Generation (1980-till date)

• ULSI (Ultra Large Scale Integration) Technology.


• Microprocessor chips with ten million electronic
components.
• Parallel Processing Hardware and AI (Artificial
Intelligence) software.
• Programming languages C, C++, JAVA, .NET,
etc.
Popular fifth generation computers are

• Desktop
• Laptop
• Notebook
• Ultra Book
• Chrome Book
Computer Generations

First Generation: Second Generation Third Generation


Vacuum Tube Transistor Tech. Integrated Circuit

Fourth Generation Fifth Generation


VLSI Technology ULSI Technology
Thank You!

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