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Books: (1) Data Communications and Networking 4 Or5 Edition - Behrouz A. Forouzan

The document contains lecture slides from the 4th edition of the book "Data Communications and Networking" by Behrouz A. Forouzan. The slides define key terms related to data communications and networks such as protocols, standards, topologies and network types. They also include figures illustrating concepts like data flow, network connections, and the hierarchical organization of the Internet. The document acknowledges that the slides are directly from the official website for the textbook.

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safia
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2K views

Books: (1) Data Communications and Networking 4 Or5 Edition - Behrouz A. Forouzan

The document contains lecture slides from the 4th edition of the book "Data Communications and Networking" by Behrouz A. Forouzan. The slides define key terms related to data communications and networks such as protocols, standards, topologies and network types. They also include figures illustrating concepts like data flow, network connections, and the hierarchical organization of the Internet. The document acknowledges that the slides are directly from the official website for the textbook.

Uploaded by

safia
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 20

Books

[1] Data Communications and


Networking 4th or 5th edition
- Behrouz A. Forouzan

[2] Data and Computer


Communications 10th edition
- William Stallings

[3] Computer Networks 5th edition


-Andrew S. Tanenbaum
 Topics
 Data Communications
 Networks
 The Internet
 Protocols and Standards
1-1 DATA COMMUNICATIONS
The word data refers to information presented in whatever
form is agreed upon by the parties creating and using the
data.
Data communications are the exchange of data between
two devices via some form of transmission medium such as
a wire cable.

Data Representation
Text, numbers, images, audio, video

1.3
Figure 1.1 Five Components of Data Communication

1. Message
2. Sender
3. Receiver
4. Transmission Medium
5. Protocol

1.4
Figure 1.2 Data Flow (simplex, half-duplex, and full-duplex)

1.5
1-2 NETWORKS

A network is a set of devices (often referred to as nodes)


connected by communication links. A node can be a
computer, printer, or any other device capable of sending
and/or receiving data generated by other nodes on the
network.
Most networks use distributed processing, in which a task is
divided among multiple computers.

Network Criteria
• Performance
• Reliability
• Security

1.6
Figure 1.3 Types of connections: point-to-point and multipoint

1.7
Figure 1.4 Categories of topology

1.8
Figure 1.5 A fully connected mesh topology (five devices)

1.9
Figure 1.6 A star topology connecting four stations

1.10
Figure 1.7 A bus topology connecting three stations

1.11
Figure 1.8 A ring topology connecting six stations

1.12
Figure 1.9 A hybrid topology: a star backbone with three bus networks

1.13
Figure 1.10 An isolated LAN connecting 12 computers to a hub in a closet

1.14
Figure 1.11 WANs: a switched WAN and a point-to-point WAN

1.15
Figure 1.12 A heterogeneous network made of four WANs and two LANs

1.16
1-3 THE INTERNET

The Internet has revolutionized many aspects of our daily


lives. It has affected the way we do business as well as the
way we spend our leisure time. The Internet is a
communication system that has brought a wealth of
information to our fingertips and organized it for our use.

A collaboration of more than hundreds of thousands of


interconnected networks.
Topics discussed in this section:
A Brief History
The Internet Today (ISPs)

1.17
Figure 1.13 Hierarchical organization of the Internet

1.18
1-4 PROTOCOLS AND STANDARDS

Protocol: A protocol is synonymous with rule. It is a set of


rules that govern data communications. A protocol
defines what is communicated, how it is communicated
and when it is communicated. The key elements of a
protocol are:
Syntax (structure), Semantics (meaning) and Timing.

Standards, which are agreed-upon rules.


Categories:
- De facto or by fact
- De jure or by law or regulation

1.19
Acknowledgement

 The lecture slides are directly taken from the


official website of the book entitled “Data
Communications and Networking” 4th edition,
by Behrouz A. Forouzon.

http://highered.mheducation.com/sites/
0072967757/information_center_view0/index.html

 The slides are modified by Engr Safia Amir


Dahri

1.20

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