RECALLIZASIONISM
COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY
Implicit vs. Explicit Memory Components of Working
A B Memory
Memory Types of Memory
C D
Disease
E
Models of Me
mory
Baloca, Sofia Alodia T.
CONTENTS
Three-Store Model
A
Levels of Processing Model
B
Memory Systems
C
William James
Primacy Effect
• "first impressions lasts"
Recency Effect
• the most recent information dominates our
perception of others.
Three-Store Mode
01 l
• proposed by Richard Atkinson and Richard
Shiffrin
• consists of Sensory store, Short-term store, and
Long-term store.
SENSORY STORE - the initial repository of much
information that eventually enters
the short and long term store.
ICONIC STORE
- proposed and argues by Haber
- a discrete visual sensory register that
holds information for very short
periods.
- its name derives from the fact
information is stored in the form of
icons.
SHORT-TERM STORE
- it holds memories for a few seconds
and occasionally up to a couple of
minutes.
According to Atkinson-Shiffrin model, short-
term store does more than hold onto a few
items.
According to Miller, our immediate memory
capacity for a wide range of items appears to
be about 7 items, plus or minus two.
RETENTIONISM
01 02 03
Who proposed the three- What era does It derives from the fact
store model? Philippines was known as that information is stored
the Tiger Country? in the form of icons.
Visual Information Exercise
LONG-TERM STORE
- memories that stay with us over a
long period of time, perhaps
indefinitely.
• How much information can we hold in long-
term memory? How long does the
information lost?
ANSWER!! We do not know how to test the
limits of Long-term memory and its capacity.
Permastore - very long-term storage of information, such as
knowledge of a foreign language and mathematics
- Schmidt and - can occur even for
colleagues studied the information that you
permastore. have passively learned.
Levels of Processin
g Model
02
Levels of Processing Model (LoP)
√ varies along a continuous dimension in terms of
depth of encoding
√ items can be encoded through elaboration
√ emphasizes processing as the key to storage.
√ also states that the quality of memory is based on
the degree that information is processed.
Quality of memory means..
properly stored
01
easily recalled
02
not quickly forgotten
03
Audio-Visual Informa
tion Exercise
Three different LoP
PHYSICAL - visually PHONOLOGICAL - sound SEMANTIC - meaning of
apparent features of the combinations associated the word
letters. with the letters.
SELF-REFERENCE EFFE
CT
- participants show very hig
h levels of recall when aske
d to relate words meaning f
ully to the participants by d
etermining wheter the word
s describe them.
Memory Systems
03
2 Separate explicit memory systems
for information that has
no particular time
referent.
for organizing and storinf
information with a
distinctive time referent.
Endel Tulving
>> Semantic Memory - stores general world knowledge.
>> Episodic Memory - stores personally experienced events/episodes.
some neurological evidence
suggests that these two types of through
neuropsychological
memory are separate. methods, investigators
found dissociations
01 02
HERA
"Hemispheric
Encoding/Retrieval
Asymmetry"
a neuroscientific model
attempts to account for
differences in
hemispheric activatiom
for semantic versus
episodic memory
Agyaman
kayo amin!
