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Chapter 2.4

This document provides examples of using calculus rules like the product rule, quotient rule, and finding marginal costs. It includes 5 examples of applying the product rule to find derivatives of products of functions. It also includes 5 examples of applying the quotient rule to take derivatives of quotients of functions. Finally, it discusses how to calculate average cost, marginal average cost, average revenue, and marginal average revenue given total cost, revenue, and profit functions. It includes one example of using these concepts to analyze the costs of book production and find the marginal average cost at a given level of output.

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Atique Faisal
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38 views

Chapter 2.4

This document provides examples of using calculus rules like the product rule, quotient rule, and finding marginal costs. It includes 5 examples of applying the product rule to find derivatives of products of functions. It also includes 5 examples of applying the quotient rule to take derivatives of quotients of functions. Finally, it discusses how to calculate average cost, marginal average cost, average revenue, and marginal average revenue given total cost, revenue, and profit functions. It includes one example of using these concepts to analyze the costs of book production and find the marginal average cost at a given level of output.

Uploaded by

Atique Faisal
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Continuatio

CHAPTER 2.4 n of
derivative
1 Product rule
d
 f ( x) . g ( x)  f ( x).g ( x)  f ( x).g ( x)
dx

Example 1: E.g. 1 ( Ref. Brief Applied Calculus, Page 116)


d 3 5
Use the product rule to calculate (x . x )
dx
Solution
d 3 5
( x . x ) = 3x 2 . x 5  x 3 .5 x 4
dx
= 3x  5 x
7 7

7
= 8x
Example 2: E.g. 2 ( Ref. Brief Applied Calculus, Page 117)

Use the product rule to calculate


d 2
dx
 
x  x  2 x3  3 
Solution
d 2
dx

x  x  2 x3  3  
= (2 x  1) ( x  3)  ( x  x  2) (3x )
3 2 2

= 2 x  6 x  x  3  3x  3x  6 x
4 3 4 3 2

= 5x  4 x  6 x  6 x  3
4 3 2
Example 3: Problem 1 ( Ref. Brief Applied Calculus, Page 117)

Use the product rule to calculate


d 3 2
dx
x x x   
Ans.
d 3 2
dx
 
x x x 
= 5x  4 x
4 3

2 Quotient Rule

d  f ( x)  g ( x) . f ( x)  g ( x) . f ( x)
  =
dx  g ( x)   g ( x ) 2
Example 4: E.g. 3 ( Ref. Brief Applied Calculus, Page 118)

d  x9 
Use the quotient rule to calculate  3 
dx  x 

Solution
     
d  x 9  x 3 9 x 8  3x 2 x 9
 3  =
dx  x   x 3 2

9 x11  3x11
=
x6
6 x 11
= 6
x
5
= 6x
Example 5: E.g. 4 ( Ref. Brief Applied Calculus, Page 118)
dæ x2
ö
Use the quotient rule to calculate ç + ÷
ç
dx èx 1÷ø
Solution
dæ ç x2
ö
÷
dx èx 1÷
ç + ø
(x +1)(2x)-(x2)
()
1
=
(x +1)2
2x2 +2x -x2
=
(x +1)2
x2 +2x
=
(x +1)2
x(x +2)
=
(x +1)2
3. Let
X be the unit of some product
C(x) is the total cost
R(x) is the total revenue
P(x) is the total profit
C ( x)
Then, average cost per unit, AC(x) =
x
d  C ( x) 
Marginal average cost, MAC(x) =  
dx  x 
R( x)
Average revenue per unit, AR(x) =
x
d  R( x) 
Marginal average revenue, MAR(x) =  
dx  x 
P( x)
Average profit per unit, AR(x) =
x
d  P( x) 
Marginal average profit, MAP(x) =  
dx  x 
Example 8:e.g.6 (Ref.
Brief Applied Calculus, Page 121
)
It costs a book publisher $12 to produce each book, and fixed
costs are $1500.
Therefore, the company’s cost function is
C(x)= 12x+1500
Find
a. the average cost function.
Find
b. the marginal average cost function.
Find
c. the marginal average cost at x=100.
Solution:
a. The average cost function
12 x  1500
AC(x) =
x
1500
= 12 
x
b. The marginal average cost function
d  1500 
MAC(x) =  12  
dx  x 
1500
= −
𝑋2
c. the marginal average cost at x=100
1500
MAC (100)=  = -0.15
100 2
• Interpretation:
WHERN 100 BOOKS HAVE BEEN PRODUCED, THE AVERAGE COST PER BOOK IS
DECREASING BYABOUT 15 CENTS FOR PER ADDITIONAL BOOK PRODUCED
• Problem for Practice
Exercise 2-4 (Problem no: 1-12, 17, 19-34, 41- 46, 49, 50, 53,54)
Ref. College Algebra, Page 112-113)
Reference: Brief Applied Calculus by Berresford

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