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Lecture 2

This document provides an introduction and background on data warehousing. It discusses three key reasons for having a data warehouse: 1) The amount of data being collected and stored by organizations is growing rapidly due to decreasing storage costs; 2) Businesses demand intelligent decision support which requires analyzing integrated data from multiple sources; 3) Businesses want to understand not just what happened but why, what will happen, and how to influence business outcomes. The document defines a data warehouse as a complete repository of historical corporate data extracted from transaction systems and available for ad hoc access by knowledge workers to support analysis and decision-making.

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Saadia Mobeen
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
74 views

Lecture 2

This document provides an introduction and background on data warehousing. It discusses three key reasons for having a data warehouse: 1) The amount of data being collected and stored by organizations is growing rapidly due to decreasing storage costs; 2) Businesses demand intelligent decision support which requires analyzing integrated data from multiple sources; 3) Businesses want to understand not just what happened but why, what will happen, and how to influence business outcomes. The document defines a data warehouse as a complete repository of historical corporate data extracted from transaction systems and available for ad hoc access by knowledge workers to support analysis and decision-making.

Uploaded by

Saadia Mobeen
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Virtual University of Pakistan

Data Warehousing
Lecture-2
Introduction and Background
Ahsan Abdullah
Assoc. Prof. & Head
Center for Agro-Informatics Research
www.nu.edu.pk/cairindex.asp
FAST National University of Computers & Emerging Sciences, Islamabad

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DWH-Ahsan Abdullah
Introduction and Background

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DWH-Ahsan Abdullah
Why a Data Warehouse (DWH)?
 Data recording and storage is growing.

 History is excellent predictor of the future.

 Gives total view of the organization.

 Intelligent decision-support is required for


decision-making.

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DWH-Ahsan Abdullah
Reason-1: Why a Data Warehouse?
 Data Sets are growing.
How Much Data is that?
1 MB 220 or 106 bytes Small novel – 31/2 Disk
Paper rims that could fill the back of
1 GB 230 or 109 bytes
a pickup van
50,000 trees chopped and converted
1 TB 240 or 1012 bytes
into paper and printed
Academic research libraries across
2 PB 1 PB = 250 or 1015 bytes
the U.S.
All words ever spoken by human
5 EB 1 EB = 260 or 1018 bytes
beings

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DWH-Ahsan Abdullah
Reason-1: Why a Data Warehouse?
 Size of Data Sets are going up .
 Cost of data storage is coming down .
 The amount of data average business collects
and stores is doubling every year

 Total hardware and software cost to store and


manage 1 Mbyte of data
 1990: ~ $15
 2002: ~ ¢15 (Down 100 times)
 By 2007: < ¢1 (Down 150 times)
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DWH-Ahsan Abdullah
Reason-1: Why a Data Warehouse?
 A Few Examples
 WalMart: 24 TB
 France Telecom: ~ 100 TB
 CERN: Up to 20 PB by 2006
 Stanford Linear Accelerator Center (SLAC):
500TB

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DWH-Ahsan Abdullah
Caution!

A Warehouse of Data
is NOT a
Data Warehouse

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DWH-Ahsan Abdullah
Caution!

Size
is NOT
Everything

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DWH-Ahsan Abdullah
Reason-2: Why a Data Warehouse?

 Businesses demand Intelligence (BI).


 Complex questions from integrated data.
 “Intelligent Enterprise”

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DWH-Ahsan Abdullah
Reason-2: Why a Data Warehouse?
DBMS Approach
List of all items that were sold last
month?

List of all items purchased by Tariq


Majeed?

The total sales of the last month


grouped by branch?

How many sales transactions


occurred during the month of
January?
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DWH-Ahsan Abdullah
Reason-2: Why a Data Warehouse?
Intelligent Enterprise
Which items sell together? Which
items to stock?

Where and how to place the items?


What discounts to offer?

How best to target customers to


increase sales at a branch?

Which customers are most likely to


respond to my next promotional
campaign, and why?
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DWH-Ahsan Abdullah
Reason-3: Why a Data Warehouse?
 Businesses want much more…
 What happened?
 Why it happened? Stages of
Data
 What will happen? Warehouse

 What is happening?
 What do you want to happen?
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DWH-Ahsan Abdullah
What is a Data Warehouse?

A complete repository of historical


corporate data extracted from
transaction systems that is
available for ad-hoc access by
knowledge workers.

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DWH-Ahsan Abdullah
What is a Data Warehouse?
Complete repository
History
Transaction System
Ad-Hoc access
Knowledge workers

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DWH-Ahsan Abdullah
What is a Data Warehouse?
Transaction System
 Management Information System (MIS)
 Could be typed sheets (NOT transaction system)

Ad-Hoc access
 Dose not have a certain access pattern.
 Queries not known in advance.
 Difficult to write SQL in advance.

Knowledge workers
 Typically NOT IT literate (Executives, Analysts, Managers).
 NOT clerical workers.
 Decision makers. 15
DWH-Ahsan Abdullah
Another View of a DWH

Subject
Oriented

Integrated

Time
Variant

Non
Volatile

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DWH-Ahsan Abdullah

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