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Singularity Functions

The document discusses singularity functions used in circuit analysis, including the unit step, unit impulse, and unit ramp functions. The unit impulse function is the derivative of the unit step function and can be visualized as a very short pulse of unit area. Integrating the unit step function results in the unit ramp function. These singularity functions are used to model impulses, steps, and ramps in circuits.

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Deepika Sharma
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
267 views

Singularity Functions

The document discusses singularity functions used in circuit analysis, including the unit step, unit impulse, and unit ramp functions. The unit impulse function is the derivative of the unit step function and can be visualized as a very short pulse of unit area. Integrating the unit step function results in the unit ramp function. These singularity functions are used to model impulses, steps, and ramps in circuits.

Uploaded by

Deepika Sharma
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Singularity

Functions
Definition
• Singularity functions are functions that either are
discontinuous or have discontinuous derivatives.
• The three most widely used singularity functions in
circuit analysis are the unit step, the unit impulse,
and the unit ramp functions.
Contd..
Contd…
Contd…
Contd…
Unit Impulse
• The derivative of the unit step function is the unit
impulse function which we write as
Contd…
• The unit impulse may be regarded as an applied or
resulting shock. It may be visualized as a very short
duration pulse of unit area. This may be expressed
mathematically as:
Contd….
• where t=0- denotes the time just before t=0 and
t=0+ is the time just after. For this reason, it is
customary to write 1 (denoting unit area) beside
the arrow that is used to symbolize the unit impulse
function, as in Fig. 7.27. The unit area is known as
the strength of the impulse function. When an
impulse function has a strength other than unity,
the area of the impulse is equal to its strength
Contd…
How impulse affect other
fuctions?

• Where a<t0<b. Since δ (t-t0)=0 except at t=t0 the


integrand is zero except at t0. Thus,
Ramp function
• Integrating the unit step function u(t) results in the
unit ramp function r(t). we write
Contd…
• The unit ramp function may be delayed or
advanced as shown in Fig. 7.30. For the delayed
unit ramp function

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