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Basic Geometric Construction-Terms

This document defines and describes various basic geometric elements: 1) Points have no width, height, or depth and only indicate a position. Lines have length and can be horizontal, vertical, inclined, perpendicular, or parallel. 2) Angles are the space between two intersecting lines and can be right, acute, obtuse, reflex, or straight angles. Angles are complementary if they total 90 degrees and supplementary if they total 180 degrees. 3) Triangles are plane figures with three sides, and the sum of the interior angles is always 180 degrees. Any triangle inscribed in a semicircle is a right triangle if the hypotenuse coincides with the diameter.

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487 views21 pages

Basic Geometric Construction-Terms

This document defines and describes various basic geometric elements: 1) Points have no width, height, or depth and only indicate a position. Lines have length and can be horizontal, vertical, inclined, perpendicular, or parallel. 2) Angles are the space between two intersecting lines and can be right, acute, obtuse, reflex, or straight angles. Angles are complementary if they total 90 degrees and supplementary if they total 180 degrees. 3) Triangles are plane figures with three sides, and the sum of the interior angles is always 180 degrees. Any triangle inscribed in a semicircle is a right triangle if the hypotenuse coincides with the diameter.

Uploaded by

Carina
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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DRAFTING 7

Basic Geometric Elements - Points


A point: Represents a location in space or
on a drawing and has no width, height, or depth.
It refers to a geometrical construction
without any dimension. It only shows
position
Lines
- this is a figure made
by a moving point.
- It has length.

• Horizontal line
• Vertical line
• Inclined line
• Perpendicular lines
• Parallel lines
Basic Geometric Elements - Lines

Perpendicular Lines – two


lines that intersect to form
right angles.
PARALLEL LINES- refers to two or
more lines equidistant from
each other at all points and
they never met.

„ Other common forms of


lines are arcs and free
curves.
-perpendicular lines might be marked with a box
to indicate perpendicularity, the symbol ⊥ means
perpendicular lines.
Basic Geometric Elements - Angles

ANGLE- refers to the space or


opening between two straight lines
that meet.
Right angle – is an angle that
contains 90°
Acute angle - is an angle that is
less than 90°
Obtuse angles- is an angle that
is more than 90° but less than 180°
Reflex angle - is an angle that is
more than 180°
Straight angle- is an angle
having 180°
Basic Geometric Elements - Angles

2-Angles are
„

Complementary if
they total 90º.
„

2-Angles are
Supplementary if they
total 180º.
Geometric Construction - Triangles

„ A triangle is a plane
figure bounded by
three straight sides.

„ The sum of the


interior angles is
always

„ Any triangle
inscribed in a
semicircle is a right
triangle if the
hypotenuse
coincides with the
diameter.
Geometric Construction - Quadrilaterals

„ A quadrilateral is a plane figure bounded by 4-straight sides. „ If the


opposite sides are parallel, the quadrilateral is also called parallelogram
Bisect- to divide a line into two equal parts

Trisect- to divide a line into 3 equal parts


Tangent- a line which touches the circumference of the circle.
Arc- a portion or a segment of a circumference of the circle
Circumference- the entire length of the circular extremities of the circle.
Radius- the shortest distance from a point and the circumference to the
center of the circle.
Chord- a straight line connecting two points in the circumference to the
circle.
Segment- a part of the circle bounded by an arc and a chord.
Diameter- the distance from 2 points of the circumference passing through
the center.
Center- a place figure bounded by the circumference that is equidistant
from a common point, the center.
Sector- is the portion of a circle enclosed by

two radii and an arc

tangent
(Greek word)

Poly- many and gon- angle, so polygon means many angles.


POLYGON- a closed plane figure, having three or more straight sides.

Regular Polygons- is a plane figure whose sides are all the same
length and all angles are equal.

Some common polygons are:


•Triangle, trigon, trilateral - a three-sided polygon
•Quadrilateral, square- 4 sides
•pentagon - a five-sided polygon
•hexagon - a six-sided polygon
•heptagon - a seven-sided polygon
•octagon - an eight-sided p
• nonagon - a nine-sided polygon
• decagon - a polygon with 10 sides
• undecagon - an eleven-sided polygon
• dodecagon - a twelve-sided polygon
Dividing a line into equal parts

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