Review

Direction: Solve for the summation of the following.

▪X1=85
  X3=88 X5=87 X7=84 X9=94 X2=80 X4=83 X6=89 X8=80
X10=90

Find:
a.
b.
c.
 Answer

▪  
a. = x1 + x2 + x3 + . . . + x10
= 85 + 80 + 88 + 83 + 87 + 89 + 84 + 80 + 94 + 90
= 860
b. = xi + . . . + x5
= 85 + 80 + 88 + 83 + 87
= 423
c. = x6 + x7 + . . . + x10
= 89 + 84 + 80 + 94 + 90
= 437
Arrange the data

Raw Data
X1=85 X3=88 X5=87 X7=84 X9=94
X2=80 X4=83 X6=89 X8=80 X10=90

Arranged data (Ascending Order)

80,80,83,84,85,87,88,89,90 and 94.
MEASURES OF CENTRAL
TENDENCY
Ungrouped Data
Measures of Central Tendency

Measures of central tendency are

numerical descriptive measures which
indicate or locate the center of a
distribution or data set.
Mean

The MEAN, a set of values or

measurements. It is the sum of all the
measurements divided by the number of
measurements in the set.

 it is the most popular and widely

used.
 Sometimes called the arithmetic
mean
Mean

If we compute the mean of the

population, we call it the parametric or
population mean, denoted by μ (read
“mu”)

▪  
If we get the mean of the sample, we
call it the sample mean and it is
denoted by (read “x bar”).
Mean is found by evening out the
numbers
Mean for Ungrouped Data

For ungrouped or raw data, the mean has the following formula.
=
Where = mean
= sum of the measurements or values
n = number of measurements
Mean for Ungrouped Data

Example:
 
80, 80, 83, 84, 85, 87, 88, 89, 90, 94

So from the formula given, let us now try to analyze and then substitute
the given values to the given formula
=
= 80+80+83+84+85+87+88+89+90+94 10
10
= 86

Hence, the mean grade of the ten students is 86

Mean for Ungrouped Data

Example:
 
The five players of basketball team have the scores of 10, 15, 20, 10, and 25.
Find the mean:
=
= 10+15+20+10+25
5
= 80
5
= 16

Therefore, the mean score of five players of basketball is equal to 16.

 Median

The MEDIAN, denoted by Md, is the middle value of the sample when the data are
ranked in order according to size.

  16 17 18 19 20 21 22
Median

16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23
Median

= 19.5
Example:
Using the same data above. The math grades of ten students are 85, 80,
88, 83, 87, 89, 84, 80, 94, and 90.
Solution:

To find the median, we need to arrange first the data in increasing order
that is from least to greatest or vice versa.

80, 80, 83, 84, 85, 87, 88, 89, 90, 94

Since the middle point falls halfway between 85 and 87, so in order to get
the median, we need get the mean 0f these two values.

Median = 85+87
2
Median = 172
2
Median = 86

Therefore, the median of the given data is 86.

Example:
Arrange the data in increasing order, from least to greatest or from
greatest to least.

20, 10, 25 10, 15,

Median= 15
Solve this:
Using the same formula. The weights of nine boxing players are recorded as
follows (in pounds).

206,215,305,206,265,265,297,282,301
Example:
Solution: Arrange first the data in increasing order, from least to greatest or
vice versa.

206, 206, 215, 265, 265, 282, 297, 301, 305 ,

Median = 265
 TRY
Compute the median and interpret
THIS! the result.

1. In a survey of small business in Bangued, 10 bakeries report the following numbers

of employees:
15, 14, 12, 19, 13, 14, 15, 18, 13, 19
 Compute the median and
TRY interpret the result.
THIS!

2. The random savings of 2nd year high school students reveal the following current
balances in their bank accounts:

Students A B C D E F G H
Current 340 350 450 500 360 760 800 740
Balances
 Compute the median and
TRY interpret the result.
THIS!

3. The following are the lifetimes of 9 lightbulbs in thousands of hours.

Lightbulb A B C D E F G H I
Lifetime 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.1 1.4 .9 .2 1.2 1.7
 Mode

The MODE, denoted Mo, is the value which occurs most frequently in a set of
measurement or values. In other words, it is the most popular value in given set.

1.) Select the measure that appears most often in the set.
2.) If two or more measures appear the same number of
times, then each of these values is a mode.
3.) If every measure appears the same number of times, then
the set of data has no mode.
Example:
Using the same data above. 80,80,83,84,85,87,88,89,90,94

Since 80 is the value that most often occur in the given data,
therefore 80 is the mode.
Solve:

206,206,215,265,265,282,297,301,305
 Find the mode and
TRY interpret it.
THIS!

1. The following table shows the frequency of errors committed by 10

typists per minute
Typist A B C D E F G H I J
No. of errors 5 3 3 7 2 8 8 4 7 10
per min.
 Find the mode and
TRY interpret it.
THIS!

2. A random sample of 8 mango trees reveals the following number of

fruits they yield

Mango Tree A B C D E F G H
No. of fruits 80 70 80 90 82 82 90 82
 Find the mode and
TRY interpret it.
THIS!

3. The following are the scores of 9 students in a Mathematics quiz:

12,15,12,8,7,15,19,24,13
 REMEMBER THIS!

MEAN MEANS
AVERAGE

MEDIAN IS IN THE
MIDDLE

MODE STARTS WITH

MO
M-MOST
O - OFTEN
How will you define the word
CENTER?
 Activity 1

Directions: Find the mean, median, and mode of the following set of data.

1.) The data below show the score of 20 students in a Biology quiz.
25 33 35 45 34 26
29 35 38 40 45 38
28 29 25 39 32 27 47 45

a.) What score is typical to the group of students?

b.) What score appears to be the median? How many students fail below that score?
c.) Which score frequently appears?
d.) Find the mean, median and mode.
e.) Describe the data in terms of the mean, median and mode.
 Assignment

Directions: In your one-half crosswise, find the mean, median and mode.

1.) Twelve computer students were given a typing test and the times (in minutes)
to compute the test were as follow:

8, 12, 15, 14, 19, 21, 24, & 38

3.) A shampoo manufacturer produces a bottle with an advertised content of 310

ml. A sample of 16 bottles yielded the following contents:

297 318 306 300 322 307 312 300

311 303 291 298 315 296 309 311