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Pragmatic Equivalence

The document discusses the key concept of equivalence in translation, which centers around the interacting processes between the original source text and the translated text. It notes there are different types of equivalence, including referential, connotative, pragmatic, contextual, formal, and textual equivalence. Maintaining equivalence is important for accurately reproducing the meaning when translating from one language to another.

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Anisa Kurniawati
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174 views

Pragmatic Equivalence

The document discusses the key concept of equivalence in translation, which centers around the interacting processes between the original source text and the translated text. It notes there are different types of equivalence, including referential, connotative, pragmatic, contextual, formal, and textual equivalence. Maintaining equivalence is important for accurately reproducing the meaning when translating from one language to another.

Uploaded by

Anisa Kurniawati
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Equivalence in Translation

A key concept in translation


Equivalence centers around
the processes interacting
between the original source
.text and translated text
Types of Equivalence
Referential equivalence is established when the )1(
words in the source language (SL) refer to the
same objects in the world as the words in the
target language (TL)
.g. book and in English refers. ‫ك تاب‬e
Connotative equivalence is established when )2(
the words in both languages and texts trigger the
.same associations and connotations
Pragmatic equivalence refers to words in both )3(
languages having the same effect on the readers
.in both languages
Types of Equivalence
Types of Equivalence
Contextual equivalence is established when )4(
words in both languages are used in the same
.or similar contexts
Formal equivalence refers to words in both )5(
languages having similar phonological or
.orthographic features
Textual equivalence refers to aspects of )6(
cohesion and coherence which are similar in
.both texts and languages
Types of Equivalence
Why is equivalence important in
?translation
?How is meaning reproduced in translation •
How is meaning reproduced in
?translation
?What is pragmatics
• The study of language in use.
• How utterances are used in communicative
situations and the way we interpret them
in a context
• The study of meaning not as generated by
the linguistic system but as conveyed and
manipulated by participants in a
communicative situation
Two important concepts in
pragmatics
a network of relations which organizes and create text
concerned with how utterances are connected to each other

Coherence and cohesion


coherence cohesion
 Conceptual relationship  Surface textual relationships such
underlying the surface text as cohesive devices
 Underlying semantic relation  Linking words and expressions to
 Readership property: reader’s other words and expressions.
evaluation of the text  Text property: cohesive markers
 Implicit meaning “therefore” etc.
 Subjective: varies from
reader to reader  Explicit meaning
 Making sense of the text  Objective: automatic recognition
 Cannot create coherence
Example of a cohesive text
I bought a Ford. The car in which President
Wilson rode down the Champs Elysees was
black. Black English has been widely discussed.
(See Baker P 218)
As for coherence see example P. 220 “A Hero
from Zero”
?What is pragmatic equivalence
 How a text makes sense to a given readership.
We go beyond the textual level and see how
utterances are used in communicative situations
 pragmatic equivalence tends to reproduce the
context and text goals of the SL.
 "pragmatic equivalence subsumes all of the
semio-pragmatic-communicative layers of
communication."[29]
 Examples of these semiotic and communicative
dimensions are genre, field, mode, tenor, text
type and translation purpose (skopos).
Examples
)a
.Eng ST: He was armed to his teeth-1 
  ‫كان مسلحا حتى أسنانه‬:Arb TT1-2 
 ‫كان مدججا بالسالح‬:Arb TT2, (optimal)-3 
)b
.Eng ST: He kicked the bucket-1 
 ‫ ركل الدلو‬:Arb TT1-2 
 ‫وافته المنية‬:Arb TT2, (optimal)-3 
‫‪Example for translation‬‬
‫يقول أمرسون في قصيدته (التميمة) ‪Amulet‬‬ ‫•‬
‫‪Give me an amulet that keeps intelligence with you‬‬
‫‪Red when you love, and rosier red‬‬
‫‪And when you love not, pale and blue‬‬

‫ما ترجمته‪:‬‬
‫أعطني تميمة تحتفظ بالذكاء‪/‬المعلومات معك‬
‫تورداً‬
‫حمراء عندما تحب‪ ،‬وحمراء أكثر ّ‬
‫وشاحبة زرقاء عندما ال تحب‬
‫وأظن أن ما يقصده هو اآلتي‪:‬‬
‫أعطني تميمة عربونا ً للمودة ما بيننا‬
‫بحيث تكون صلة الوصل بين روحينا‪ ،‬فتبقيني على علم بما تحس به‪.‬‬
‫وردي‬
‫ّ‬ ‫فعندما تحبني تحتفظ بلون أحمر‪ ،‬وكلما ازداد حبك تحول لونها إلى‬
‫أما إن شحب لونها وعلته زرقة‪ ،‬فعندها سأعرف أن حبك خبا وفقد وهجه‪.‬‬
Implicature

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