TAKING A CLOSER LOOK AT THE

CODE-MANDATED AVENUES FOR

PARTICIPATION
I. Democratization and the LGC in 1991
The passage of the LGC in 1991 has substantially provided the legal
and institutional framework creating the foundation for participation
in governance to be institutionalized via the:

•Representation in local special bodies;

•Mandatory consultations for national
projects among others.
II. The Code-Mandated Local Special Bodies
Article 181 of the IRR of LGC of 1991
There shall be organized in the LGU concerned the following
local special bodies:
1. Local Development Council;
2. Local School Board;
3. Local health Board;
4. Local Peace and Order Council; and
5. People’s Law Enforcement Board
 1. Local Development Council (LDC)
A. Provincial Development Council

B. City/ Municipal Development Council

C. Barangay Development Council

A. Provincial Development Council
Composition:
a. Governor as Chairperson
b. All Mayors of Component Cities and
Municipalities
c. Chair of the Sanggunian Committee on
Appropriation
d. Congressperson or his/ her representative
e. NGO Representatives who shall constitute not
less than ¼ and may be increased to ½ of the
members of the fully organized council
B. City/ Municipal Development Council
Composition:
a. LCE as Chairperson
b. All Punong Barangays in the City or
Municipality
c. Chair of the Sanggunian Committee on
Appropriation
d. Congressperson or his/ her representative
e. NGO Representatives who shall constitute not
less than ¼ and may be increased to ½ of the
members of the fully organized council
Functions:
Provincial, City and Municipal Development Council
1. Formulate long-term, medium-term and annual socio-economic
development plans and policies (e.g. CDP);
2. Formulate medium-term and annual public investment programs
(e,g LDIP and AIP);
3. Evaluate and prioritize socio-economic development programs and
projects;
Continuation of Functions:
Provincial, City and Municipal Development Council

4. Formulate local investment incentives;

5. Coordinate, monitor, and evaluate the implementation of development
programs and projects; and
6. Perform such other functions as may be provided by law or component
authority.
C. Barangay Development Council
Composition:
a. Punong Barangay as Chairperson;
b. Members of the Sangguinan Barangay;
c. Chairman of the Sanggunian Committee on Appropriation;
d. NGO Representatives who shall constitute not less than ¼ and
may be increased to ½ of the members of the fully organized
council; and
e. Representative of the Congressperson
Functions of Barangay Development Councils :

a) Mobilize people’s participation in local development efforts;

b) Prepare barangay development plans based on local
requirements;
c) Monitor and evaluate the implementation of national or
local programs and projects; and
d) Perform such other functions as may be provided by law or
component authority;
II. Local School Boards
Composition:

a) LCE and Division Superintendent/

District Supervisor as co-chairman;
a) Sanggunian Education Committee chairman;
b) Treasurer;
c) SK President;
d) President PTA Federation;
e) Public School Non-Academic personnel representative
Functions of Local School Boards:
a) Determine supplemental budget for public
schools from real property levy share (SEF);
a) Authorize disbursement of SEF;
b) Advise Sanggunian on education matters;
c) Recommend changes in public school names;
d) Consulted by DepEd on appointments of Superintendents,
supervisors or principals.
III. Local Health Boards
Composition:

a) LCE as chairman;
b) Local Health Officer as vice-chairman;
c) Sanggunian Health Committee Chairman;
d) PO or NGO Representative
e) DOH Representative;
Functions of Local Health Board:
a) Propose to Sanggunian annual budgetary allocations for
operation and maintenance of health facilities and services
within locality;
b) Advise Sanggunian on health matters;
c) Create committees to advise local health agencies on personnel
selection and promotions, bids and awards, grievances and
complaints, personal discipline, budget review, operations
review and other similar functions.
IV. Local Peace and Order Council

Pursuant to Executive Order No.

773, series of 2009, the Peace and

PEACE Order Council is further reorganized

on the national, regional, provincial,
city and municipal levels.
National Peace and Order Council (NPOC)
Composition:
a) Secretary of Interior and Local Government (SILG) as Chairman
b) Members of the Council –
1) Director-General of National Security Council
2) Executive Secretary
3) Secretary of some National Agencies PEACE
NPOC Composition:

b) Members of the Council – PEACE

4) Press Secretary;
5) Chairman - Dangerous Drugs Board, National Commission on
Indigenous Peoples
6) Presidential Adviser on the Peace Process;
7) Director-General, Presidential Management Staff;
8) Director-General, Philippine Information Agency;
NPOC Composition:

b) Members of the Council – PEACE

9) Chairperson, Presidential Anti-Graft Commission;
10) Chief of Staff, Armed Forces of the Philippines (CSAFP);
11) Chief, Philippine National Police (PNP);
12) Director, National Bureau of Investigation; and

c) 3 representatives from the private sector (appointed by the

President of the Philippines)
Regional Peace and Order Council (RPOC)
Composition:
a) Provincial Governors;
b) Mayors of highly urbanized cities (HUCs); PEACE
c) Presidents of the Leagues of Municipalities;
d) Regional counterparts of the departments, offices and agencies;
e) Mayors of the Component Cities representative (1);
f) Private sector representatives (3).
 Provincial Peace and Order Council (PPOC)
Composition:
a) Provincial counterparts of the departments,
offices and agencies;
PEACE
a) Provincial Governor as Chairman;
b) Vice Governor as Vice Chairman;
c) Sangguniang Lalawigan representative (1);
d) Private sector representatives (3).
City/ Municipal Peace and Order Council (C/MPOC)
Composition:
a) Mayor as Chairman;
b) Vice Mayor as Vice-Chairman;
PEACE
c) City or municipal counterparts of NPOC members;
d) Sanggunian representative;
e) 3 NGO representative (academe, civic, religious, youth, labor,
legal, business and media organizations).
FUNCTIONS OF SUB-NATIONAL PEACE AND ORDER COUNCIL
RPOC, PPOC, CPOC, MPOC

a) Provide a forum for dialogue and deliberation of major issues and

problems;
b) Recommend measures which will improve or enhance peace and
order and public safety;
c) Recommend measures to converge and orchestrate internal
security operations efforts of civil authorities and agencies,
military and police;
FUNCTIONS OF SUB-NATIONAL PEACE AND ORDER COUNCIL
RPOC, PPOC, CPOC, MPOC
d) Apply moral suasion to and/or recommend sanctions against local
chief executives who are giving material and political support to the
Communist rebels;
e) Monitor the provision of livelihood and infrastructure development
programs and projects
f) Perform all other functions assigned by law, the President or the
NPOC.
The Code-mandated Avenues for
Participation are just but empty spaces
unless we claim and fill them for
meaningful participation!
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