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Portland Cement

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Phil John Fernandez
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64 views11 pages

Portland Cement

Uploaded by

Phil John Fernandez
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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PORTLAND CEMENT

GROUP 5
JOMEL LORENZO FELIX FORTEZA
PHIL JOHN FERNANDEZ
JOHN ROBERT LU
JEREMY PAGCO
CEMENT
• is a binder, a substance used for construction that sets, hardens, and
adheres to other materials to bind them together.
• Cement mixed with fine aggregate produces mortar for masonry, or
with sand and gravel, produces concrete.
• Cement is the most widely used material in existence and is only
behind water as the planet's most-consumed resource.
NON-HYDRAULIC CEMENT
• does not set in wet conditions or under water. Rather, it sets as it
dries and reacts with carbon dioxide in the air. It is resistant to attack
by chemicals after setting.
HYDRAULIC CEMENTS
• set and become adhesive due to a chemical reaction between the dry
ingredients and water.
• This allows setting in wet conditions or under water and further
protects the hardened material from chemical attack.
• The chemical process for hydraulic cement was found by ancient
Romans who used volcanic ash (pozzolana) with added lime (calcium
oxide).
HISTORY
• The Egyptians used calcined gypsum as a cement .
HISTORY
• the Greeks and Romans used lime made by heating limestone and
added sand to make mortar, with coarser stones for concrete.
• The Romans found that a cement could be made which set under
water and this was used for the construction of harbours.
• This cement was made by adding crushed volcanic ash to lime and
was later called a "pozzolanic" cement, named after the village of
Pozzuoli near Vesuvius.
HISTORY
• in places where volcanic ash was scarce, such as Britain, crushed brick
or tile was used instead. The Romans were therefore probably the
first to manipulate systematically the properties of cementitious
materials for specific applications and situations.
HISTORY
Portland cement is a successor
to a hydraulic lime that was first
developed by John Smeaton in
1756 when he was called in to
erect the Eddystone Lighthouse
off the coast of Plymouth,
Devon, England.
HISTORY
• While planning the lighthouse, John Smeaton discovered the
best mortar for underwater construction to be limestone
with a high proportion of clay, and thus he was the first to
recognize what constitutes a hydraulic lime.
HISTORY

Joseph Aspdin of Leeds, Yorkshire,


England, who in 1824 took out a
patent for a material that was
produced from a synthetic mixture
of limestone and clay.
HISTORY
• He called the product “portland cement” because of a
fancied resemblance of the material, when set, to portland
stone, a limestone used for building in England.
• Aspdin’s product may well have been too lightly burned to
be a true portland cement, and the real prototype was
perhaps that produced by Isaac Charles Johnson in
southeastern England about 1850.

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