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Farm Machines

Презентация для студентов технической специальности. В презентации представлена информация о сельскохозяйственной технике
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
85 views22 pages

Farm Machines

Презентация для студентов технической специальности. В презентации представлена информация о сельскохозяйственной технике
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT

What machinery and equipment are used in


producing crops?
• Tractor
• Tillage equipment (почвообрабатывающая техника)
• Planting equipment (сеялки и сажальные машины)
• Application equipment (машины для внутрипочвенного
внесения удобрений)
• Harvesting equipment
• Global Positioning System
• Geographic Information System
Tractor
• A tractor is a motorized vehicle that is used to pull heavy loads
• There are two main types of tractors—wheeled and crawler.
1. A wheeled tractor is a tractor that usually has four or more
wheels that turn and move the tractor.
2. A crawler tractor is a tractor that has steel or rubber tracks
fitted around the wheels
Some facts about the tractors
– The first types of tractors ran on steam and were hard to
maneuver.
– Before tractors were invented, farmers would have to use horses
to pull heavy equipment.
Tillage equipment is equipment used to plow
(разрыхлять) or till (обрабатывать) the soil.
It slices, breaks, or cuts the soil in order to prepare the ground
Tillage equipment includes plows, harrows, and cultivators.
1. A plow is used to cut, lift, and turn over soil. It is commonly used to
prepare the soil for planting.
2. A harrow is an implement with spikes or disks that is used to
cultivate the soil by pulverizing (размельчать) and smoothing it.
3. A cultivator is used to loosen (разрыхлять) the soil and control
weeds (сорняк)
Planting equipment is used to place seeds in
the soil for germination.
Planting equipment includes planters and drills.
Definition. A planter is used to place seeds in the soil at the
proper rate, depth, and spacing.
– Corn, cotton, and many vegetable crops are planted with
planters.
Definition. A drill is used to plant seeds for germination.
– Soybeans, wheat, oats, and rye grass are planted with drills.
Application Equipment is used to apply fertilizer,
pesticides, growth regulators

Def. A sprayer is a piece of equipment that uses pumps to apply liquid


materials.
Def. A duster is used to apply dry powder materials.
Harvesting Equipment is an equipment is used to
pick, reap, gather crops.
Harvesting equipment includes combines, pickers, balers, and
mowers.
Def. A combine is used to harvest crops
– Corn, soybeans, wheat, barley, and rice are harvested with
combines
Def. A picker is a machine used to harvest crops by picking.
- Cotton is the most common crop harvested with a picker.
Def. • A mower (сенокосилка) is a piece of equipment used to
cut standing vegetation.
- Mowers are used to harvest (убирать урожай) forage crops
(кормовые культуры), such as grass and alfalfa (люцерна
посевная). After mowing, the crop may be left in rows to dry
and be picked up by a baler.

Def. A baler is used to harvest forage crops that have been cut,
dried, and placed in rows.
- The baler is pulled behind a tractor and picks the dried
vegetation up off the ground. Inside the baler, the material is
tightly packed or wound into round (вплетать во что-то)
• A Global Positioning System (GPS) is a system that uses
satellites (спутники) and computers to tell a farmer his exact
location (местоположение) in a field.
• A Geographic Information System (GIS) is a system used with
GPS to make maps of a field. These maps give a farmer data
about soil conditions, crop yield (урожайность), and other
information so he or can make decisions needed to improve
the crops in the field.

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