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Module 2 - Practical Research 1

The document discusses the key differences between quantitative and qualitative research methods. It states that quantitative research uses numerical data from structured techniques like experiments, while qualitative research uses descriptive data from unstructured techniques like interviews and observations. Some examples of differences provided are that quantitative research is more objective, tests theories, and reasons deductively, while qualitative research is more subjective, develops theories, and reasons inductively. The document also includes a table comparing characteristics of quantitative and qualitative research.

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Ziana Ross Hampac
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317 views

Module 2 - Practical Research 1

The document discusses the key differences between quantitative and qualitative research methods. It states that quantitative research uses numerical data from structured techniques like experiments, while qualitative research uses descriptive data from unstructured techniques like interviews and observations. Some examples of differences provided are that quantitative research is more objective, tests theories, and reasons deductively, while qualitative research is more subjective, develops theories, and reasons inductively. The document also includes a table comparing characteristics of quantitative and qualitative research.

Uploaded by

Ziana Ross Hampac
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Quantitative vs.

qualitative
Module 2
• Inside the classroom, the teacher
made a remark “You got 75 passing
mark!”. The teacher also
commented that “your classmate
seems uninterested to study the
lessons!”
• There are two different observations the
teacher described in her remark.
• These are 75 passing mark and your
classmate seems uninterested to study.
• These two are examples of quantitative
and qualitative observations respectively.
• Quantitative observations are usually
characterized by a numeral measure such as the
passing mark of 75.
• Qualitative observations meanwhile describes a
certain phenomenon or event and can be
observed through the sense, Usually qualitative
data are in words such as the statement made by
the teacher that the student seems uninterested to
study the lessons.
• Research can be conducted in different ways
for different purposes,
• Thus you can classify a research according to
how it was conducted (i.e,, technique or data
collection strategy) or why it was conducted
(i.e,, use or purpose of the research).
• Every researcher needs data for his or her
research.
• Since research is a systematic, a
researcher employs one or more
techniques to gather data for the study.
• These techniques can be classified into two
broad categories quantitative and
qualitative methods.
Quantitative Techniques
• Quantitative techniques (from the root word quantity)
collect data in the form of number (i,e. quantitative
observations).
• Some examples of quantitative data are the height,
weight and age of a person; the daily, monthly, or
annual income of an employee; and your grades in
your academic subject.
Qualitative techniques
• Qualitative techniques (from the root word
quality),on the other hand, collect data in
the form of words or statement(i.e.
qualitative observations).
Qualitative techniques
• Researches that use the quantitative
techniques are broadly classified as
quantitative researches while researches
that use the qualitative techniques are
classified as qualitative researches.
Qualitative Quantitative
Subjective Objective

Research questions answer Research questions answer


what and why how many or strength of
relationship or difference
Literature review may be done Literature review is usually
as the study progresses done before the study
Develops theory Test theory

Interpretive Measurable
Qualitative Quantitative
Reports rich narrative, individual
Reports statistical analysis
interpretation
Basic element of analysis is
Basic element of analysis is word/
numbers
ideas
Researcher is part of the process Research is separate
Participants Subjects
Context dependent Context free

Reasoning is dialectic and inductive Reasoning is logistic and deductive

Establishes relationships and


Describes meaning, discovery
causation
• As shown in the table, qualitative research usually describes
meaning based on the subjective data collected through
interviews and observations.
• The analysis is this kind of research is also based on the contex
of the subjects. This is the reason why qualitative research helps
to develope a theory.
• On the other hand, quantitative research is more objective.
• The data collected are usually numerical and based on the
assumptions of the hypothesis.
• Quantitative research is more structured and is used in testing a
theory.
Qualitative Research
• Qualitative research more subjective than a quantitative
research.
• This usually involves gathering, analyzing, and interpreting
data based on observations made about the participants of
the study.
• These data can be in the form of ideas, action, symbols,
metaphor derived usually from in-depth observations and
interviews.
Qualitative Research

• Qualitative research aim to interpret meaning,


descriptions, and symbols.
• The researchers ask the participants to respond to some
questions to get a thorough response to a certain
question.
• There is no definite number of participants that qualitative
research requires.
Example topics of qualitative research

1.Students images of chemistry


2.Gender and cultural gaps in the
classroom
3.Science practices of the Mangyan tribe
• The data that can be gathered will not be
numerical data but sysmbols and verbal
description.
• These set of data can be collected
through interviews and observation.
Quantitative Research
• In quantitative research, research questions are usually geared
toward measuring hypothesis using statistical.
• Quantitative research is more objective than a qualitative
research. The methods are also predetermined and structured.
• Good statistical treatments are important in deciding possible
outcomes or conclusions for the success of the research.
Quantitative research follows a certain sample size in the use
of the subjects or respondents of the study.
The following are some of the examples of quantitative
research topics

1. Predictors of science performance


2. Growth performance of organic fertilizer
3.Population rate in Metro Manila in the
next 20 years
• The data that can be generated is
numerical.
• The primary data is obtained from an
experiment or from an existing
document.
Methods Used in
Quantitative Research
Quantitative Methodologies Qualitative Methodologies
Preference for precisely describing Preference for narrative/literary
procedure descriptions of procedures
Preference for narrative
Data reduced to numerical scores
descriptions
Preference for random sampling Preference for expert informant
for obtaining meaningful samples samples
Preference for statistical summary Preference for narrative summary
of results of results
Willingness to manipulat
Unwillingness to tamper with
aspects,situations or conditions in
naturally occurring phenomena
studying complex phenimena
• One of the significant differences in the quantitative
and qualitative method is the use of language.
• Note that data you can collect through quantitative
methods are numerical scores while qualitative
method involves verbal and narrative description.
• This means that the manner of writing and
presenting data in quantitative and qualitative
methods are different.
• Likewise, the variable studied in a
quantitative method can be manipulated or
experimented depending on the nature of
the research problem.
• In qualitative method, the subjects cannot
be manipulated because you study them
based on their natural setting.

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