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Centrifugal Casting

The document describes various centrifugal casting processes. In true centrifugal casting (1), molten metal is poured into a rapidly rotating mold and solidifies against the walls due to centrifugal force into a hollow shape. In semi-centrifugal casting (2), a core is used to produce solid castings for symmetrical parts like gears. Centrifuge casting (3) involves arranging multiple small molds in a circle around a central axis to balance rotation and fill molds simultaneously from a central sprue.

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Bhushan Shankar Kamble
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113 views

Centrifugal Casting

The document describes various centrifugal casting processes. In true centrifugal casting (1), molten metal is poured into a rapidly rotating mold and solidifies against the walls due to centrifugal force into a hollow shape. In semi-centrifugal casting (2), a core is used to produce solid castings for symmetrical parts like gears. Centrifuge casting (3) involves arranging multiple small molds in a circle around a central axis to balance rotation and fill molds simultaneously from a central sprue.

Uploaded by

Bhushan Shankar Kamble
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Centrifugal casting process

▪ Inertial forces due to spinning distribute the molten metal into the
mold cavity
▪ In this process molten metal is poured in the mould and allowed
to solidify while the mould is rotating. Metal is poured into the
centre of the mould at its axis of rotation.
▪ Due to centrifugal force the liquid metal is thrown out towards the
periphery.
Process

1) The Mould wall is coated with a refractory ceramic coating (applying


Ceramic Slurry , spinning, dying , baking).
2) Starting rotation of the mould at a pre determined speed.
3) Pouring of Molten metal directly into the mould (no gating system is
employed).
4) The mould is stopped after the casting has been solidified.
5) Extraction of the casting from the mould.
Applications

Sleeve valves Boilers Pipes

Cylinder liners pressure vessels flywheels


Types
1) True centrifugal casting
2) Semi Centrifugal casting
3) Centrifuge casting.
True centrifugal casting
1) True centrifugal castings are produced by pouring molten metal into
the cavity of a rapidly rotating metal mold to whose walls the metal
is thrown centrifugal force and where it solidifies in the form of a
hollow casting.
2) True centrifugal casting is the production of hollow casting by the
centrifugal force alone and without the aid of a central core.
3) Molten metal is poured into the spinning mold cavity and the metal
is held against the wall of the mold by centrifugal force.
4) The speed of rotation and metal pouring rate vary with the alloy and
size and shape being cast.
5) The centrifugal casting machines used to spin the mould may have
either a horizontal or a vertical axis of rotation and for short casting
the rotational axis vertical. In the vertical axis machine the central
hole will not be completely cylindrical, but will be slightly
paraboloidal, which will need machining after the casting is made.
Centrifugal Casting (Horizontal)

Centrifugal Casting (Vertical)


Advantages:
•Castings acquire high density and are distinguished for their fine
grained structure and high mechanical strength.
•Inclusions and impurities such s oxide, slag, and gas etc, being lighte
than the molten metal will segregate toward the centre to the inside
surface f the casting, where they may be removed by subsequen
machining operations.
•Gates and risers are not needed which results in saving in material and
increasing the yield.
•High output.
•Formation of hollow interiors without cores.
•The casting are less subject to directional variation than static castings.
Disadvantages:
•Contaminations of inner surface of the casting make it necessary to
increase finishing allowance for subsequent machining of inner surfaces
•An inaccurate diameter of the surface of a casting.
•Not all the alloys can be cast by this method.
Applications
•Hollow Products are Casted
•C.I Water Supply and Sewerage Pipes
•Steel Gun Barrels
•Chemical Reactor Vessels
•Pressure Vessel Bodies
• Reactor Tubes and Pressure Piping for Nuclear Power Plants
•Paper Mill Rolls
•Textile Rolls
Semi Centrifugal Casting
Semi centrifugal casting process is used to produce solid castings and
hence, requires a core to produce hollow cavities. Semi Centrifugal
Casting process is used only for symmetrically shaped objects and the
axis of rotation of the mould is always vertical. Gear blanks, sheaves,
wheels and the pulley are the commonly produced parts by Semi
Centrifugal Casting process.
Process

1) In Semi Centrifugal Casting the mould is prepared in the usual


manner using cope and drag box.
2) The mould cavity is prepared with its central axis being vertical and
concentric with the axis of rotation.
3) The core is placed in position and the mould is rotated at suitable
speeds, usually less than true centrifugal casting process.
4) The centrifugal force produced due to the rotation of the mould
causes the molten metal to fill the cavity to produce the desired
shape
Applications
•Wheels
•Rings
•Rollers
•Sheaves
•Pulleys
•Flywheels
•Gear Blanks
•Turbo-supercharger
•Diaphragm Disk
•Steel Railroad Wheels
•Nozzles And Similar Parts Etc.
Centrifuge Casting
•When a group of small molds are arrenged in a circle (to balance each
other) around the central vertical axis of the flask and the flask is
rotated about the vertical axis, the process is called centrifuge casting.
•It is clear that the molds are not symmetrical about the axis of rotation,
that is , the axis of casting and the axis of rotation do not coincide with
one another.
•Here again the centrifugal force is used to obtain higher pressure on
the metal and get more dense castings.
•The molten metal will flow to all the molds under centrifugal force from
a central feeding sprue.
Applications
•Valve Bodies
•Plugs
•Valve
•Bonnets
•Pillow Blocks and Yokes
•Jewelery
Disadvantages:

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