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1 - Discourse Analysis Powerpoint

Discourse analysis is the study of language use in context beyond the sentence level. It examines how language is used in real-world situations and interactions between speakers/writers and audiences. Discourse analysis draws from various fields like applied linguistics, conversation analysis, pragmatics, and text linguistics. It analyzes authentic language samples rather than invented examples and looks at features like hesitations and non-standard forms. Discourse analysis also considers the sociocultural contexts of language. Rhetoricians have expanded their focus from formal oratory to include various forms of private and public discourse across different media.

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Abbas Taher
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528 views

1 - Discourse Analysis Powerpoint

Discourse analysis is the study of language use in context beyond the sentence level. It examines how language is used in real-world situations and interactions between speakers/writers and audiences. Discourse analysis draws from various fields like applied linguistics, conversation analysis, pragmatics, and text linguistics. It analyzes authentic language samples rather than invented examples and looks at features like hesitations and non-standard forms. Discourse analysis also considers the sociocultural contexts of language. Rhetoricians have expanded their focus from formal oratory to include various forms of private and public discourse across different media.

Uploaded by

Abbas Taher
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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DISCOURSE ANALYSIS

Definition
Discourse analysis is a broad term for the study of the ways

in which language is used in texts and contexts. Also

called discourse studies.


It is developed in the 1970s, the field of discourse analysis is concerned with

"the use of language in a running discourse, continued over a number of

sentences, and involving the interaction of speaker (or writer) and auditor (or

reader) in a specific situational context, and within a framework of social and

cultural conventions" (Abrams and Harpham, A Glossary of Literary Terms,

2005).
Discourse analysis has been described as an interdisciplinary study of

discourse within linguistics, though it has also been adopted (and adapted) by

researchers in numerous other fields in the social sciences. Theoretical

perspectives and approaches used in discourse analysis include the following:

applied linguistics, conversation analysis, pragmatics, rhetoric, stylistics, and

text linguistics, among many others.


OBSERVATIONS

"Discourse analysis is concerned with language use 


as a social phenomenon and therefore necessarily goes
beyond one speaker or one newspaper article to find
features which have a more generalized relevance. This
is a potentially confusing point because the publication
of research findings is generally presented through
examples and the analyst may choose a single example
or case to exemplify the features to be discussed, but
those features are only of interest as a social, not
individual, phenomenon."
(Stephanie Taylor, What is Discourse
Analysis? Bloomsbury, 2013)
OBSERVATIONS

"[Discourse analysis] is not only about method; it 


is also a perspective on the nature of language
and its relationship to the central issues of the
social sciences. More specifically, we see
discourse analysis as a related collection of
approaches to discourse, approaches that entail
not only practices of data collection and analysis,
but also a set of metatheoretical and theoretical
assumptions and a body of research claims and
studies."
(Linda Wood and Rolf Kroger, Doing Discourse
Analysis. Sage, 2000)
GRAMMATICAL ANALYSIS AND DISCOURSE
ANALYSIS

"The grammarian's 'data' is typically the single sentence, or a

set of single sentences illustrating a particular feature of

the language being studied. It is also typically the case

that the grammarian will have constructed the sentence or

sentences he uses as examples. . . .


OBSERVATIONS
"In contrast, the analysis of discourse . . . is typically 
based on the linguistic output of someone other than the
analyst. . . . More typically, the discourse analyst's 'data'
is taken from written texts or tape recordings. It is
rarely in the form of a single sentence. The type of
linguistic material is sometimes described as
'performance data' and may contain features such as
hesitations, slips, and non-standard forms which a
linguist like Chomsky (1965) believed should not have to
be accounted for in the grammar of a language."
(G. Brown and G. Yule, Discourse Analysis. Cambridge
University Press, 1983)
DISCOURSE ANALYSIS AND RHETORICAL STUDIES
"The focus of rhetoricians' attention is widening . . . from public to 

private spheres, from official to vernacularrhetoric, from oratory to


written and multimedia discourse, from the carefully crafted to
spontaneous discourse emerging from fleeting everyday situations.
Now we are asking not just about the rhetoric of politics, but also
about the rhetoric of history and the rhetoric of popular culture; not
just about the rhetoric of the public sphere but about rhetoric on the
street, in the hair salon, or online; not just about the rhetoricity of
formal argument but also about the rhetoricity of personal identity. To
address these new concerns and sites we need to continue to
supplement traditional modes of work with new techniques for
analyzing the language of text and talk with ways of describing the
sociocultural and material contexts of discourse. . . .
 "Scholars in rhetoric and composition studies have also

issued calls for the inclusion of discourse analytic methods.

[Susan Peck] Macdonald has termed discourse studies 'the

interconnected fields of rhetoric and composition and

applied linguistics' (2002)."

(Christopher Eisenhart and Barbara Johnstone, "Discourse

Analysis and Rhetorical Studies." Rhetoric in Detail:

Discourse Analyses of Rhetorical Talk and Text. John

Benjamins, 2008)


LINGUISTICS
Definition
Linguistics is the systematic study of the nature, structure, and
variation of language.

Major subfields of linguistics include phonetics, phonology,

morphology, syntax, semantics, pragmatics, and discourse

analysis.

The founder of modern structural linguistics was Swiss

linguist Ferdinand de Saussure (1857-1913), whose most

influential work, Course in General Linguistics, was edited

by his students and published in 1916.

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