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Lesson 1 Discrete and Continuous

This document discusses probability, statistics, random variables, and probability distributions. It defines key terms like random variable, discrete random variable, continuous random variable, and probability distribution. Examples are provided to distinguish between discrete and continuous random variables. The document also provides examples to illustrate random variables and find their possible values. Learners are expected to be able to identify random variables, classify them as discrete or continuous, and determine their possible values after reviewing this material.

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Florabel Hilario
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
3K views

Lesson 1 Discrete and Continuous

This document discusses probability, statistics, random variables, and probability distributions. It defines key terms like random variable, discrete random variable, continuous random variable, and probability distribution. Examples are provided to distinguish between discrete and continuous random variables. The document also provides examples to illustrate random variables and find their possible values. Learners are expected to be able to identify random variables, classify them as discrete or continuous, and determine their possible values after reviewing this material.

Uploaded by

Florabel Hilario
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Statistics

and Random
Variables and
Probability Probability
Distributions
Objectives:
At the end of the session, the learners
should be able to:
1. Illustrate a random variable
2. Distinguishes between a discrete and a
continuous random variable, and
3. Finds the possible values of a random
variable
 Probabilityis the study of chance and is a
very fundamental subject that we apply in
everyday living, while statistics is more
concerned with how we handle data
using different analysis techniques and
collection methods. These two subjects
always go hand in hand and thus you
can't study one without studying the other.
Random variable is a numerical
quantity that is assigned to the
outcome of an experiment. We use
capital letter to represent a random
variable.
There are two types of random
variable, discrete random variable
and continuous random variable.
Discrete random variable is one that
can assume only a countable
number of values.
Examples:
1. Number of pencil in the box
2. Number of soldiers in the troop
3. Number of defective flashlight
Continuous random variable caN
assume infinite number of values in
one or more intervals.
Examples
1. Amount of antibiotics in the vial
2. Voltage of radio batteries
3. Lifetime of light bulbs in minutes
SW#1 Classify the following as
discrete or continuous random
variable.
1. The number of senators present in
the meeting
2. The weight of newborn babies for
the month of June
3. The number of ballpens in the box
4. Length of the wire ropes
5. The amount of salt needed to bake
a lot of bread
6. Number of rotten tomatoes in the
basket
7. The number of households with
television
8. The height of mango trees in a farm
9. The area of lots in a subdivision
10. The number of students who
joined in a fieldtrip
11. The number registered nurses in a
city.
12. The number of winners in lotto for
each month
13. The weight of professional boxers
14. Number of children in a family
15. The Friday night attendance at a
cinema
Answer:
1. Discrete
2. Continuous
3. Discrete
4. Continuous
5. Continuous
6. Discrete
7. Discrete
8. Continuous
9. Continuous
10. Discrete
11. Discrete
12. Discrete
13. Continuous
14. Discrete
15. Discrete
Example of Random Variable
1. Suppose two coins are tossed and
we are interested to determine the
number of heads that will come
out. Let H to represent the number
of heads that will come out.
Determine the values of the
random variable H.
Step1. List the sample space of the
experiment.
S={HH, HT, TH, TT}
Step 2. Count the number of heads in
each outcome and assign number to
this outcome
Outcome Number of Heads (Value
of H)
HH 2
HT 1
TH 1
TT 0

The values of the random variable H in


this experiment are 0,1 and 2
Example 2. A basket contains 10 ripe
and 4 unripe bananas. If three
bananas are taken from the basket
one after the other, determine the
possible values of the random
variable R representing the number
of ripe bananas.
Step1. List the sample sample space
of this experiment.
Step2. Count the number of ripe
bananas (R) in each outcome and
assign this number to this outcome
Step1.
S={RRR,RRU,RUR,URR,UUR,URU,RUU,UUU}
Outcome Number of Ripe
Step2. Bananas (Value of R)
RRR 3
RRU 2
RUR 2
The values of a
random URR 2
variables are UUR 1
0,1,2,3
URU 1
RUU 1
UUU 0
Assignment #1
Determine the values of the random variable in
each of the following situations.
1. Two coins are tossed. Let T be the number of tails
that occurs. Determine the values of the random
variable T.
2. A meeting of consuls was attended by 4
Americans and 2 Germans. If three consuls were
selected at random one after the other,
determine the values of the random variable G
representing the number of Germans.
Answer: 1
Step1. List the sample space of the
experiment.
S={HH, HT, TH, TT}
Step 2. Count the number of heads in
each outcome and assign number to
this outcome
Outcome Number of Heads (Value
of H)
HH 0
HT 1
TH 1
TT 2

The values of the random variable H in


this experiment are 0,1 and 2
Answer:
Step1. List the sample space of the
experiment.
S={AAA,AAG,AGG,AGA,GGA,GAG,G
AA}
Step 2. Count the number of G in
each outcome and assign number to
this outcome
Step2.
Outcome Number of German
(Value of )

AAA 0
AAG 1
AGG 2

The values of a AGA 1


random GGA 2
variables are
0,1,2 GAG 2
GAA 1

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