A-V Aids

A-V Aids
Educational Technology
 Audio- Visual Aids
• Materials that help to make learning
experiences clear and vivid by appealing to
these senses are called a-v aids.
• The effective application of such technology is
audio-visual technology
 Also known as..
• Educational communication technology
• Audio visual media
• Learning resource
• Instructional or educational media
 Audio-Visual Aids
• A-V aids are multisensory materials which
motivate and stimulate the individual.
• These are planned educational materials that
appeal to the senses of the pupil quicken
learning facilities for clearunderstanding.
 A-V aids
• According to Edgar Dale “ audio-visual aids are
those devices by the use of which
communication of ideas between persons and
groups in various teaching and training
situations is helped”.
CLASSIFICATION OF A-V AIDS
Classification of A-VAids

Projected aid

Non Projected aid

Activity aids
 Projected aids
Projected aid is one which items to be observed
is projected on a screen using electronic and
mechanical devices.
 Film Projector
• Films in the form ofmotion pictures
• It enrich learning by presenting a seriesof
meaningful experience involving motion
• Can enlarge or reduce the actual size of the
object to suit theneed
 Film Strip Projector
• Film strip is the connected series pictures,
drawings or photographs
• Some film strips are accompanied with sound
 Slide Projector
• The picture or diagram which are drawnin
suitable medium is called Slide. (Glass or
Transparency)
 Episcope and Epidiascope
• Episcope is used for the projection ofopaque
objects
• Pictures, photographs, drawing or an opaque
material within the size of the platform of the
episcope can be projected
• Epidiascope can project opaque as well as
transparent objects
 OHP
• This is called Over Head Projector because it
projects the image behind and over thehead of
the teacher
• The transparent visual is placed on a horizontal
platform at the top of the light source
• The teacher can place the transparent plate on
the platform and write or draw on it anything
that is to be visualised using suitablepen
 LCDProjector
• LIQUID Crystal Display is the most advanced
and sophisticated projected aid
• LCDreplaced all other projected and non
projected aids today
• Can present a topic by using computer made
slide, graph, pictures, video clips, movies and
special effects
 Non Projected Aids
• Graphic Aids
• Display Boards
• Three Dimensional Aids
• Audio Aids
 Graphic Aids
• They are visual aids such as graphs, pictures,
charts etc..
• They can convey the message by a
combination of written and pictorial visuals
that could be meaningful by suitablecaptions
• The criteria for good graphics are that they
should be simple, legible and brief
 Graphic Aids
• Graphs • Diagrams
o Shows relationship between o Explain many factors at
two variables the same time
o Bar graphs, line graphs, pie
diagrams etc.
o Explain facts more
clearly
 Graphic Aids
• Posters • Maps
 bold and attractive • Accurate representation
representation of ideas • Geographical
 Catches eye and conveys • Industrial
the massage • Political
• Historical
 Graphic aids
• Cartoon • Comics
• Humorous and exaggerated • Series of cartoon depicting
caricature of a person or a story
situation in the form ofpicture
or sketch
 Graphic aid
• Flash Card • Picture and Photographs
• used in language especially • Makes the ideas clear and
in Lower Classes comprehensive
• Exhibits for a few seconds
 Charts
• Combination of graphic and pictorial media
• Different types are display chart, flow chart,
tabular chart, tree chart, timechart
 Display Aids
• Black Board
• Roll up board
• Peg Board
• Hook and Loop Board
• Flannel Board
 Display boards
• Bulletin Board • Magnetic Board
 Three Dimensional Aids
• Models • Objects
• Models are concrete Objects may be defined as the
representations of objects, their real things from their
size being adjusted to make it
handy and conveniently natural settings eg. Rock,
observable. It clearly exhibitsthe Coin, Stamp
structure or function of the
original
 Three Dimensional Aids
• Specimen • Mock-ups
Part of an object whichhas an operating model usually for
been removed for a process, designed to be
convenient observation worked with directly by the
learner for specific training
or analysis
It is an imitation ofreal
process
 Diorama
•Three dimensional scene in depth,
incorporating a group of modelled
objects and figures in a natural settings.
 Audio Aids
• Radio
• Recoding Instruments
 Activity Aids
• Field trip andexcursion
• Exhibition
• Demonstration
 Activity Aids
• Dramatisation
Museum
Planetarium
Aquarium
 terrarium
• Used for rearing plants or animalsunder
natural condition
Vivarium
 Computer Assisted Instruction
• Self learning technique
• Offline or online
• Interactive instructional technique
• Combination of text, graphics, soundsand
video
 Teaching Machine
• A piece of device designed
to be operated by a
student
• The student is presented
with aquestion
• He/she has to respond
either by writing or by
pressing a button to
indicate the correct answer
• An account is kept of the
response made by student
 Educational Significance of OHP
1. A projected image has great power to hold attention of the
audience for a long time
2. Projected images are effective for a big class
3. Projected image claries the information
4. Comparative light weight of the equipment makes it portable
5. Saves time
6. No need of darkening the room
7. The operation task of OHPis verysimple
 Educational Significance of LCD
• Any information displays in the computer
screen can be projected
• Can project anything such as still pictures,
motion films and animated films
• Makes e-leaning possible for a large group
• Can provide sound effects also
• Consumes less amount of electricity
• Thin, light weight and easy to use
 Educational Television
• USAstarted using television forinstruction
purpose in 1932
• Television first came in India in 1959(Doordarsan)
• Second TV station was established in Mumbai in
1972
• Television got a boost in 1982 when broadcast
started in colour
• In 1990 a foreign channel CNN started
broadcasting
 Educational Television
Govt. of India started many projects touse
education as an instructional media
• Secondary school television project(1961)
• Satellite Instructional Television Experiment (1975)
• Indian National satellite project (1982)
• UGC-Higher Education Television Project(1984)
• IGNOU Doordarsan Telecast (1991)
• Gyandarshan educational channel (2000)
 Educational Significance of
Educational Television
• Television is the best available teacher to teach
a large number of students
• Provides common experience to all
• Provides an opportunity to the teachers to
observe the instructional strategies of other
teachers
• Provides technical advantage not ready
available in the classroom
•Each student get feeling that they are
sitting at the front row of the class
 Educational Significance of
Educational Television
• It can incorporate useful films
• Films can bring into classroom without any
preparation
• Permits inclusion of up-to-date information