USE HAND TOOLS

LE S S O N 1
LEARNING OUTCOMES:
At the end of this Lesson, you are expected to
do the following:

1. prepare hand tools;

2. use appropriate hand tools and test
equipment; and
3. maintain hand tools.
PREPARE
HAND TOOLS
L E S S O N
1
 TOOL
A handheld device that aids in
accomplishing a task. Tools range
from a traditional metal cutting
part of a machine to an element of
a computer program that activates
and controls a particular function.
Preparing for the task to be undertaken
includes proper tool selection
1. How do you select the best tool for the
job?
First, know and understand in detail the
scope of work to be accomplished,
second, plan for the scope taking into
account the sequence of tasks.
Preparing for the task to be undertaken
includes proper tool selection
2. Selecting the best tool for each task
requires training in the proper use of the
tools, field experience in their safe use,
and following the manufacturer’s guidance
and instructions for that specific tool.
Preparing for the task to be undertaken
includes proper tool selection
3. When obtaining the tool all the
associated tooling and consumable parts,
as recommended by the manufacturer,
must be included. In addition, related
consumable parts must also be selected
and used according to their
manufacturer’s instructions.
 Safe Use of tools
Once selected, use the tool for the
purpose for which it was designed. Not all
tools come with detailed instructions, but
there are those that do spell out the safety
―Do’s and Don’ts for your safety. If there
are set-up/use options, operator judgment
must always be based on what is the
safest way to use the tool.
 Environmental Safety and Health
Program requires the following:
 All tools be kept in good condition with regular
maintenance.
 The right tool be used for the job.
 Each tool be examined before use AND damaged or
defective tools NOT to be used.
 Tools be operated according to manufacturer’s
instructions
 The right protective equipment for the tool and
activity be used.
 Hardware Tools
To complete hardware repairs, it is
important to have a toolkit that should
contain all of the necessary tools. As you
gain experience, you will learn which tools
to have available for different types of
jobs. Hardware tools are grouped into
these four categories:
 HARDWARE TOOLS
 Electro-Static Discharge (ESD) tools
 Hand tools
 Cleaning tools
 Diagnostic tools
 HARDWARE
Hardware is the physical
parts of computer
system. It is the parts that
you can touch and see.
HARDWARE
 Electro-Static Discharge (ESD) Tools
Static electricity is easily generated by
friction on carpets, tile flooring, clothing,
hair, fabric, and etc. The friction of moving
air alone will charge suspended particles
and cause the buildup of static electrical
charges on people and objects in the
environment.
 Example of ESD Tools
• Anti-static wrist strap
• Anti-static mat
 Electro-Static Discharge (ESD) Tools
Anti Static Wrist Strap
used to
prevent ESD
damage to
computer
equipment.
 Electro-Static Discharge (ESD) Tools
Anti-Static Mat
used to stand
on or place
hardware on to
prevent static
electricity
from building
 Hand Tools
A hand tool is a device for
performing work on a material or a
physical system using only hands.
The hand tools can be manually
used employing force, or
electrically powered, using
electrical current.
 Example of Hand Tools
• Flat head screwdriver
• Philips head screwdriver
• Torx screwdriver
• Hex driver
• Needle-nose plier
• Wire cutter • Tweezers
• Part retriever • Flashlight
 Hard Tools
Flat head screwdriver
used to loosen
or tighten
slotted screws.
 Hard Tools
Philips head screwdriver
used to
loosen or
tighten
crosshead
screws.
 Hard Tools
Torx screwdriver
used to loosen or
tighten screws that
have a star-like
depression on the
top, a feature that is
mainly found on
 Hard Tools
Hex driver
sometimes called
a nut driver, is
used to tighten
nuts in the same
way that a
screwdriver
 Hard Tools
Needle-nose plier
used to
hold small
parts
 Hard Tools
Wire cutter

used to
strip and
cut wires.
 Hard Tools
Tweezers
used to
manipulate
small parts.
 Hard Tools
Part retriever
used to retrieve
parts from
location that
are to small for
your hand to fit.
 Hard Tools
Flashlight
used to light
up areas
that you
cannot see
well.
 Cleaning Tools
Having the appropriate cleaning tools is
essential when maintaining or repairing
computers. Using these tools ensures that
computer components are not damaged
during cleaning.
 Example of Cleaning Tools
• Lint-free cloth
• Compressed air
• Cable ties
• Parts organizer
 Cleaning Tools
Lint-free cloth
used to clean
different
computer
components
without
scratching or
 Cleaning Tools
Compressed air
used to blow away
dust and debris
from different
computer parts
without touching
 Cleaning Tools
Cable ties
used to bundle
cables neatly
inside and
outside of a
computer.
 Cleaning Tools
Parts organizer
used to hold screw,
jumpers, fasteners
and other small
parts and prevents
them from getting
mixed together.
 Diagnostic Tools
Computers are easier to use and
more dependable with each new
generation of hardware and
operating system update, but that
doesn't mean they're problem-free.
 Example of Diagnostic Tools
• Multimeter
• Loopback Adapter
 Diagnostic Tools
Multimeter
used to test the
integrity of
circuits and the
quality of
electricity in
computer
 Diagnostic Tools
Loopback Adapter
used to test the
functionality of
computer
ports.
PROPER USE
OF TOOLS
L E S S O N
1
 Proper Use of ESD Tools
The purpose of an antistatic wrist strap
is to equalize
When static electricity
the electrical
buildscharge
up in your
between
body, theyou
connection
and the equipment.
made by the wrist
strap to the equipment,
The antistatic wrist straporisground,
a conductor
channels the electricity
that connects your bodythrough
to the the wire
that connects the strap.
equipment that you are working on.
 Proper Use of ESD Tools
The wrist strap has two parts and is easy to wear:
1. Wrap the strap around your wrist and secure it using the
snap or Velcro. The metal on the back of the wrist strap must
remain in contact with your skin at all times.
2.Snap the connector at the end of the wire to the wrist
strap, and connect the other end either to the equipment or
to the same grounding point that the antistatic mat is
connected to. The metal skeleton of the case is a good place
to connect the wire. When connecting the wire to equipment
that you are working on, choose an unpainted metal surface.
A painted surface does not conduct the electricity as well as
unpainted metal.
 Proper Use of ESD Tools
The wrist strap has two parts and is easy to wear:
 Proper Use of ESD Tools
An antistatic mat is slightly conductive. It works by drawing
static electricity away from a component and transferring it
safely from equipment to a grounding point:
1. Lay the mat on the workspace next to or under the
computer case.
2. Clip the mat to the case to provide a grounded surface on
which you can place parts as you remove them from the
system.
 Proper Use of ESD Tools
An antistatic mat is slightly conductive. It works by drawing
static electricity away from a component and transferring it
safely from equipment to a grounding point:
Proper Use of Hand Tools

A technician
needs to be able
to properly use
each tool in the
toolkit.
 Proper Use of Hand Tools
SCREWS
1. Match each screw with the proper screwdriver.
2. Place the tip of the screwdriver on the head of the screw.
3. Turn the screwdriver clockwise to tighten the screw and
counterclockwise to loosen the screw.
NOTE: Screws can become stripped if you over-tighten them
with a screwdriver. A stripped screw, may get stuck in the
screw hole, or it may not tighten firmly. Discard stripped
screws.
 Proper Use of Hand Tools
Flat Head Screwdriver
1. Use a flat head screwdriver when you are working with a
slotted screw.
CAUTION: If excessive
2. Do not use a flat headforce is needed
screwdriver to to remove
remove or add a
a Phillips
component,
head screw something is probably wrong. Take a second
look to make sure that you have not missed a screw or a
3. Never use a screwdriver as a pry bar. If you cannot
locking clip that is holding the component in place. Refer to
remove a component,
the device check tofor
manual or diagram see if there isinformation.
additional a clip or latch
that is securing the component in place.
 Proper Use of Hand Tools
Phillips head screwdriver
1. Use a Phillips head screwdriver with crosshead screws.
2. Do not use this type of screwdriver to puncture anything.
 Proper Use of Hand Tools
Hex driver
1. Use a hex driver to loosen and tighten bolts that have a
hexagonal (six-sided)
CAUTION: Some toolshead.
are magnetized. When working around
electronic devices, be sure that the tools you are using have
2. Hex bolts should not be over-tightened because the
not been magnetized. Magnetic fields can be harmful to data
threads of the bolts can be stripped. Do not use a hex driver
stored on magnetic media. Test your tool by touching the tool
that is too large for the bolt that you are using.
with a screw. If the screw is attracted to the tool, do not use
the tool.
 Proper Use of Hand Tools
Part retriever, Needle-nose pliers, or
tweezers
1. The part retriever, needle-nose pliers, and tweezers can
CAUTION:
be used to Pencils should
place and not parts
retrieve be used inside
that thehard
may be computer to
to reach
change
with yourthe setting of switches or to pry off jumpers. The
fingers.
pencil lead can act as a conductor and may damage the
2. Do not scratch or hit any components when using these
computer components.
tools.
 Proper Use of Cleaning Materials
On electrical
Keeping components,
computers an excessive
clean inside and out
buildup
is a vitalof dust
part of will act like an insulator
a maintenance program.
and trap cause
Dirt can the heat. This insulation
problems with the will
impair
physicalthe ability ofof
operation heat sinks
fans, and and
buttons,
cooling fans to keep
other mechanical components cool,
components.
causing chips and circuits to overheat
and fail.
 Proper Use of Cleaning Materials

CAUTION: When compressed air is used

to clean inside the computer, the air
should
CAUTION:be blown
Beforearound theany
cleaning components
device,
with a off
turn it minimum distance
and unplug the of four from
device inches
frompower
the the nozzle. The power supply and
source.
the fan should be cleaned from the back
of the case.
 Proper Use of Hand Tools
Computer Cases and Monitors
1. Clean computer cases and the outside of monitors with a
mild cleaning solution on a damp, lint-free cloth.
2. Mix one drop of dishwashing liquid with four ounces of
water to create the cleaning solution.
3. If any water drips inside the case, allow enough time for
the liquid to dry before powering on the computer.
 Proper Use of Hand Tools
LCD Screens
1. Do not use ammoniated glass cleaners or any other
solution on an LCD screen, unless the cleaner is specifically
designed for the purpose.
2. Harsh chemicals will damage the coating on the screen.
3. There is no glass protecting these screens, so be gentle
when cleaning them and do not press firmly on the screen
 Proper Use of Hand Tools
CRT Screens
1. To clean the screens of CRT monitors, dampen a soft,
clean, lint-free cloth with distilled water and wipe the screen
from top to bottom.
2. Then use a soft, dry cloth to wipe the screen and remove
any streaking after you have cleaned the monitor.
 Proper Use of Hand Tools
CRT Screens
1. Clean dusty components with a can of compressed air.
(Compressed air does not cause electrostatic buildup on
components.)
2. Make sure that you are in a well-ventilated area before
blowing the dust out of the computer.
3. A best practice is to wear a dust mask to make sure that
you do not breathe in the dust particles.
 Proper Use of Hand Tools
CRT Screens
1. Blow out the dust using short bursts from the can. .
2. Never tip the can or use the compressed air can upside
down.
3. Do not allow the fan blades to spin from the force of the
compressed air.
4. Hold the fan in place. (Fan motors can be ruined from
spinning when the motor is not turned on.)
 Proper Use of Hand Tools
Keyboard
1. Clean a desktop keyboard with compressed air or a small,
hand-held Never use
CAUTION: vacuum a standard
cleaner with avacuum cleaner inside a
brush attachment.
computer case. The plastic parts of the vacuum cleaner can
build up static electricity and discharge to the components.
Use only a vacuum approved for electronic components.
 Proper Use of Hand Tools
Mouse
1. Use glass cleaner and a soft cloth to clean the outside of
the mouse.
2. Do not spray glass cleaner directly on the mouse.
3. If cleaning a ball mouse, you can remove the ball and
clean it with glass cleaner and a soft cloth
4. Wipe the rollers clean inside the mouse with the same
cloth. Do not spray any liquids inside the mouse.
MAINTAIN
HAND TOOLS
L E S S O N
1
TOOLS AND
EQUIPMENT
MAINTENANCE
TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT MAINTENANCE

All tools and equipment must be

properly maintained so that workers are
not endangered. Regulations require
inspections of tools, machines and
equipment before use.
TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT MAINTENANCE

Preventive maintenance is the

systematic care and protection of tools,
equipment and machines in order to
keep them in a safe, usable condition,
limit downtime and extend productivity.
TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT MAINTENANCE

We must always be aware that

maintenance tasks themselves are
potentially hazardous and can result in
injury.
TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT MAINTENANCE
The successful maintenance program is:
 Well organized and scheduled
 Controls hazards
 Defines operational procedure
 Trains key personnel
TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT MAINTENANCE
The degree of detail to include regarding tools
and equipment maintenance will depend on the
kinds of tools/equipment used.
 Construction equipment may have
very specific inspection and
maintenance requirements.
TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT MAINTENANCE
The degree of detail to include regarding tools
and equipment maintenance will depend on the
kinds of tools/equipment used.
 Electronic equipment may have
different maintenance requirements.
TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT MAINTENANCE
The degree of detail to include regarding tools
and equipment maintenance will depend on the
kinds of tools/equipment used.
 Hand tools may require only basic
maintenance.
TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT MAINTENANCE
The degree of detail to include regarding tools
and equipment maintenance will depend on the
kinds of tools/equipment used.
 Power tools should be maintained in
good working order.
TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT MAINTENANCE

This may be limited to ensuring that

blades/bits are replaced when needed
and those guards or other safety
devices are operable and any damaged
electrical cords/plugs are repaired or
replaced.
TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT MAINTENANCE

Damaged or defective equipment/tools

should be tagged and removed from
service.
TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT MAINTENANCE

Most manufacturers can provide

maintenance schedules for their
equipment.
TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT MAINTENANCE

Large companies typically have a

comprehensive maintenance program
due to the capital investment and/or
leasing agreements.
TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT MAINTENANCE

Smaller companies may lease

equipment and maintenance services
may be included in the leasing
agreement.
General requirements for tools and equipment
maintenance includes:
 Obtaining a copy of the maintenance schedule
recommended by the manufacturer.
 Ensuring that maintenance is performed as
required.
 Ensuring that the person(s) performing the
maintenance are competent (e.g. licensed
mechanic).
 Retaining records of maintenance/service
conducted.
General requirements for tools and equipment
maintenance includes:
 Specifying who is responsible for overseeing
equipment maintenance and where the records are
kept.
 Set up a system for removal and tagging of
damaged or defective tools and equipment.
PROPER STORAGE
OF TOOLS, PARTS,
AND EQUIPMENT
Good practices include:
 Parts should be properly stored and labeled
 Tools should be properly placed on the board, and
labelled. Consider drawing the shapes of the tools
on the board so that they always get put back in the
same position.
 Use bins for storing small parts.
 Consider making an individual (or individuals)
responsible for the good maintenance of tools and
parts.
Benefits:
 Tools and parts are kept in good condition and are
easy to find.
 Costs are reduced.
 Productivity is increased because time is not
wasted looking for tools, parts and equipment.
 Workshop staff develop a sense of responsibility
and pride in their work.