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The Relationship Between Temperature and Volume

1) Charles' law states that at constant pressure, the volume of a gas is directly proportional to its absolute temperature. As temperature increases, volume increases and vice versa. 2) The document demonstrates Charles' law through an experiment where balloons filled with air shrink as they are cooled in liquid nitrogen, showing that decreasing temperature lowers gas volume. 3) Sample problems show how to use the Charles' law equation (V=kT) to calculate gas volumes at different temperatures.

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Casandra Peñaverde
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62 views

The Relationship Between Temperature and Volume

1) Charles' law states that at constant pressure, the volume of a gas is directly proportional to its absolute temperature. As temperature increases, volume increases and vice versa. 2) The document demonstrates Charles' law through an experiment where balloons filled with air shrink as they are cooled in liquid nitrogen, showing that decreasing temperature lowers gas volume. 3) Sample problems show how to use the Charles' law equation (V=kT) to calculate gas volumes at different temperatures.

Uploaded by

Casandra Peñaverde
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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The relationship between temperature and volume

Objective:
• At the end of the lesson, the
student should be able to state
Charle’s law, solve problems
involving this law, and relate
Charle’s law applications to
everyday activities.
How Volume Varies With Temperature

Balloon and Balloon inside the


liquid Nitrogen container with
liquid nitrogen
Charles’ Law
• French chemist Jacques Charles
discovered that the volume of a gas at
constant pressure changes with
temperature.
• As the temperature of the gas increases, so
does its volume, and as its temperature
decreases, so does its volume.
Charles’ Law
The law says that at constant pressure, the
volume of a fixed number of particles of
gas is directly proportional to the absolute
(Kelvin) temperature, mathematically
expressed as:

V = kT
Kelvin Practice
What is the approximate temperature for
absolute zero in degrees Celsius and kelvin?
Absolute zero is – 273C or 0 K
Calculate the missing temperatures
273 K
0C = _______ 373 K
100C = _______
– 173 C
100 K = _______ – 30C = _______
243 K
300 K = _______
27 C 130 C
403 K = _______
298 K
25C = _______ 0K – 273 C
= _______
1.) A sample of gas occupies 3.5 L at 300 K.
What volume will it occupy at 200 K?

2.) A 0 ̊C,
̊ a gas occupies 22.4L. How hot must
the gas be in Celsius to reach a volume of
25.0L?

For more lessons, visit


www.chalkbored.com
3. A sample of oxygen gas under 2.00 atm occupies
500 mL at 25.0°C. What volume will the sample
occupy at 0.0°C?
1.Under the constant pressure condition,
a sample of hydrogen gas initially at 85̊ C
and 7.2 L is cooled until its final volume is
4.1L. What is its final temperature?

2.) If a 1 L balloon is heated from


22°C to 100°C, what will its new
volume be?
How Volume Varies With Temperature
Demonstration
of
Charles’ Law
Charles’s law
states that when
a gas is kept at
constant
pressure, the
volume of the gas
will change with
temperature.
In this
experiment,
balloons keep a
small amount of
gas (air) at an
approximately
constant
pressure.
As the balloons
are dipped into a
beaker of liquid
nitrogen (-
196°C; -320°F),
the air inside
them quickly
cools. The
volume of the air
inside the
balloons
decreases as
the temperature
of the balloons
decreases.
As the balloons
are dipped into a
beaker of liquid
nitrogen (-
196°C; -320°F),
the air inside
them quickly
cools. The
volume of the air
inside the
balloons
decreases as
the temperature
of the balloons
decreases.
As the balloons
are dipped into a
beaker of liquid
nitrogen (-
196°C; -320°F),
the air inside
them quickly
cools. The
volume of the air
inside the
balloons
decreases as
the temperature
of the balloons
decreases.
As the balloons
are dipped into a
beaker of liquid
nitrogen (-
196°C; -320°F),
the air inside
them quickly
cools. The
volume of the air
inside the
balloons
decreases as
the temperature
of the balloons
decreases.
Assignment:

• Review the Boyle’s Law and Charles’ Law

• Who is the proponent of Gay-Lussac’s Law

• How do you solve Gay-Lussac’s Law?

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