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CFR 1926.450 - SUBPART L Scaffolds

This document summarizes OSHA regulations for scaffolds under CFR 1926.450 - Subpart L. It outlines the purpose and organization of the scaffolding standard. The standard includes general requirements for scaffold capacity, construction, access, use, fall protection, and training. It provides specific criteria for supported scaffolds, suspension scaffolds, and fall protection requirements including guardrails and personal fall arrest systems.

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emmy
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28 views

CFR 1926.450 - SUBPART L Scaffolds

This document summarizes OSHA regulations for scaffolds under CFR 1926.450 - Subpart L. It outlines the purpose and organization of the scaffolding standard. The standard includes general requirements for scaffold capacity, construction, access, use, fall protection, and training. It provides specific criteria for supported scaffolds, suspension scaffolds, and fall protection requirements including guardrails and personal fall arrest systems.

Uploaded by

emmy
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CFR 1926.

450 - SUBPART L
SCAFFOLDS
CFR 1926.450 - SUBPART L
Purpose
 Updates the existing standard to include types of
scaffolds such as catenary and step and trestle
 Allows flexibility in the use of fall protection systems
to protect employees
 Simplifies language, eliminates duplicative outdated
provisions, consolidates overlapping requirements
 Allows employers compliance flexibility

2
ORGANIZATION OF STANDARD

 1926.450 Scope, application and  Appendix A - Scaffold


definitions applicable to this Specifications
subpart  Appendix C - List of
 1926.451 General requirements National Consensus
 1926.452 Additional Standards
requirements applicable to  Appendix D - List of
specific types of scaffolds Training Topics for
 1926.453 Aerial lifts Scaffold Erectors and
 1926.454 Training
Dismantlers
 Appendix E - Drawings
and Illustrations 3
CFR 1926.450 - SUBPART L
Effective Dates

 Effective
on November 29, 1996, except for
§1926.453(a)(2)

 Paragraphs (e)(9) and (g)(2) of §1926.451,


which address safe access and fall protection for
employees erecting and dismantling supported
scaffolds is effective September 2, 1997
4
CFR 1926.450

Major issues resolved:

 10 foot trigger height for fall protection on


scaffolds
 38 inch minimum guardrail height where
guardrail is primary fall protection
 36 inch minimum guardrail height where fall
arrest systems are primary fall protection
5
CFR 1926.450

Major issues resolved:


 Requires after 1 year that the competent person
determines feasibility of providing fall
protection for built-up scaffold erectors and
dismantlers
 Provides for use of crossbracing as guardrail
under certain conditions, in lieu of either a
midrail or a toprail.
6
SCOPE & APPLICATION

 Covers all scaffolds used in workplaces


 Does not apply to crane or derrick suspended
personnel platforms, which are covered by
§1926.550(g)
 Aerial lifts are covered by §1926.453

7
GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
FOR ALL SCAFFOLDS
Capacity
-- Support Own Weight and 4 Times the Maximum
Intended Load
-- Suspension Rope & Hardware, 6 Times the
Maximum Intended Load
-- Stall Load of Scaffold Hoist Not to Exceed 3
Times Its Rated Load
-- Designed by a Qualified Person and Built and
Loaded to Design 8
GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
FOR ALL SCAFFOLDS
Scaffold Platform Construction
-- Platforms Fully Planked or Decked
-- No More Than 1” Gaps
-- Maximum Openings of 9½”
-- Scaffold Platforms and Walkways 18” Wide
-- Ladder Jack, Top Plate Bracket, Roof Bracket, and
Pump Jack Scaffold at Least 12” Wide
-- Guardrails And/or Personal Fall Arrest Systems
for Platforms and Runways Not 18” Wide
9
GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
FOR ALL SCAFFOLDS
Scaffold Platform Construction
 Front Edge of All Platforms
-- No more than 14” from the face of the work
-- 3” from the face for outrigger scaffolds
-- 18” from the face for plastering and lathing operations
-- Platforms 10’ and less to extend at least 6” but not more
than 12” past support unless designed and installed and/or
guarded properly
-- Platforms greater than 10’ no more than 18” past support
unless designed and installed and/or guarded properly 10
GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
FOR ALL SCAFFOLDS

Scaffold Platform Construction


-- Each abutted end of plank shall rest on a separate
support surface
-- Overlap platforms not less than 12” only over supports,
unless restrained to prevent movement
-- On direction changes, any platform on a bearer at other
than a right angle shall be laid first, and platforms which
rest at right angles over the same bearer laid second

11
GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
FOR ALL SCAFFOLDS
Scaffold Platform Construction
-- No paint on wood platforms, except edges that may be
marked for identification
-- Fully planked between front upright and guardrail support
-- No mixed scaffold components used unless compatible and
integrity maintained
-- No modification of mixed scaffold components unless a
competent person approves
-- No components of dissimilar metals unless approved by
competent person 12
GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

Criteria for Supported Scaffolds


-- Higher than 4:1 ratio restrained from tipping by guys,
ties, or equivalent
-- Guys, ties, installed per recommendations or at the
closest horizontal member to the 4:1 height
-- Bear on adequate foundations
-- Plumbed and braced

13
GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

Criteria for Suspension Scaffolds


 Support devices -- 4 times  Counterweights
the imposed load.  Construction requirements
 Outrigger beams -- metal for outrigger beams
or equal and restrained  Minimum lengths for
 Stabilize outrigger beams suspension ropes on hoists
 Direct connections  No repaired wire rope
evaluated by competent
person
14
GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

Criteria for Suspension Scaffolds


 Proper sized eye splice  Automatic brakes
thimbles required  Positive crank force to
 Ropes inspected by descend
competent person  Tied to prevent swaying
 No swaged  Safety devices not used as
attachments unless platforms
approved
 No gasoline powered
equipment 15
GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

Access
-- Must have safe access
-- No access by cross braces
-- Bottom rung not more than 24” high
-- Rest platforms at 35’ intervals
-- Sets access requirements for erectors and
dismantlers ( September 2, 1997)
-- Can use some end frames for access
16
GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

Use
 Never overload  Immediately removed or
 No shore or lean-to repaired, braced if found
scaffolds substandard
 Maintain clearance  No horizontal movement
near power lines with employees unless
 Inspected by
approved
competent person

17
GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

Use
 Erected,moved,  Tag lines on swinging
dismantled or altered loads
only under supervision of  Protect suspension
competent person ropes from heat, acid
 No work on snow, ice  No work during storms
covered platforms or high winds

18
GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

Fall Protection (PFAS or Guardrails)


 Required at 10 foot
 PFAS in lieu of guardrails on some scaffolds
 PFAS & guardrails on suspension scaffolds
 PFAS required for erectors and dismantlers where
feasible after September 2, 1997.
 Toprails after 1-1-2000, 38” to 45” high
 Use crossbracing in lieu of top or midrails in some
cases 19
GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

Falling Object Protection


Hardhats required
Protect employees below
Barricades to exclude working below
Toe boards at edges of platforms
Allows panels and screens
Canopies allowed
20
TRAINING REQUIREMENTS

Five Training Areas


Nature of electrical, fall, and falling object hazards
Correct procedures for protection of above
Proper use of the scaffold
Load capacities of scaffolds
Requirements of Subpart L
Retraining as necessary to restore proficiency

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