Comparative Police System

Singapore Police Force and Philippine National Police

 The Philippine National Police (PNP) originated from the Philippine Constabulary or
the PC, which was inaugurated on August 8, 1901, establishing it as an insular police
The Singapore Police Force is as old as modern force under the American regime. On August 8, 1975, Presidential Decree no. 765
Singapore. The Force was formed in 1820, with a was issued, establishing the Philippine Constabulary Integrated National Police or the
skeleton force of 11 men under the command PC/INP as the country’s national police force. These fragmented and diverse local
police units were integrated into a national police force with the Philippine
of Francis James Bernard, son-in-law of William Constabulary as its nucleus.
Farquhar. With no background nor knowledge on After the People’s Revolution in 1986, a new Constitution was promulgated providing
policing, Bernard had to work from scratch, as well as for a police force, which is “national in scope and civilian in character.”
Consequently, Republic Act No. 6975 entitled, “An Act Establishing the Philippine
occasionally turning to Farquhar for help. In addition,
National Police under a Reorganized Department of the Interior and Local
he held multiple roles as magistrate, chief jailer, government (DILG),” was signed into law on December 13, 1990, which took effect
harbor master, marine storekeeper, as well as personal on January 1, 1991. Subsequently, the PNP was operational on January 29, 1991,
assistants to Farquhar. Farquhar informed Raffles that whose members were formerly the PC and the INP and the absorption of the selected
members from the major service units of the Armed Forces of the Philippines such as
he had provisionally introduced licenses for opium the Philippine Air Force Security Command, the Philippine Coast Guard, Philippine
and alcohol sales that would raise $650 per month, Navy, and the Philippine Army.
with $300 of this sum being used to run a small police Thus, to further strengthen the PNP into a highly efficient and competent police force,
department. Republic Act No. 8551 entitled “PNP Reform and the Reorganization Act of 1998”
was enacted on February 17, 1998, amending certain provisions of Republic Act No.
6975.
 Ranks
Commissi Deputy Senior Deputy
Deputy Assistant
oner of Commissi Assistant Assistant Assistant Superinten
Superinten Superinten Station Senior Staff
Police oner of Commissio Commissio Commissio dent of Inspector Sergeant Corporal Constable
dent of dent of Inspector Sergeant
(CP) Police ner of ner of ner of Police (INSP) (SGT) (CPL) (PC/SC)
Police Police (SI) (SSS)
(DCP) Police Police (AC) Police (SUPT)
(DSP) (ASP)
(SAC) (DAC)
 Training
 Training Command  Training Programs conducted at the seventeen (17) Regional Training
 TRACOM undertakes the training of recruits as well as serving officers. Schools nationwide
TRACOM conducts foundation courses, milestone commanders’ courses, as
well as generic vocational courses. In addition, TRACOM also conducts  Public Safety Basic Recruit Course (PSBRC) 24-week intensive and
skills maintenance and refresher courses for serving officers, develops and progressive training designed for newly-appointed police non-
curate training contents for workplace training. Fresh police recruits undergo commissioned officers to provide newly them with the basic knowledge
residential training aimed at equipping them with core operational skills,
individual soft skills as well as team skills to prepare them for frontline and skills in police science, administration, combat operation and tactics
duties. Core values and discipline are inculcated so that they will truly serve and for them to acquire the norms of conduct required in the performance
the community and country, by upholding the high moral standards
necessary for SPF to continue discharging its duties. of their jobs as guardians of peace and protectors of lives and properties.
 Training at TRACOM is not limited to the classroom. Field training, which  Public Safety Junior Leadership Course (PSJLC) A 12-week course
includes physical fitness training, scenario-based training and experimental
learning, is an important component of many training programmes. In sum, designed to provide junior PNCOs with the fundamental knowledge and
TRACOM is committed to enhancing the capability of SPF officers to skills necessary for effective and efficient handling of junior key positions
discharge their responsibilities effectively and efficiently, making Singapore in the PNP units.
a safe and secure home for all.
 TRACOM comprises the following schools and units:  Public Safety Senior Leadership Course (PSSLC) A 12-week course
 Basic Training School: basic police training for National Service and designed to provide senior PNCOs with requisite knowledge and skills on
Regular police officers general functional areas of unit administration, management and
 Vocation Training School: vocational training for police officers posted to leadership.
the frontline
 Leadership & Executive Training School: leadership training for police
officers  Public Safety Officers Candidate Course (PSOCC) A 14-week course
 Frontline Policing Training School: maintenance and tactical training for designed to equip the junior non-commissioned officers of PNP with the
frontline officers fundamental knowledge, skills and proper attitude required for team-
 Curriculum Assessment Branch: curriculum reviews and assessment building assignments.
Uniform
 Units
Units Abbreviation Area of responsibility Ref
Ang Mo
Ang Mo Kio Police Division 'F' Division Kio, Serangoon, Hougang, Sengkang
, Punggol, Seletar
 Aviation Security Group (AVSEGROUP)
Changi, Pasir
Bedok Police Division 'G' Division
Ris, Tampines, Bedok, Paya  Special Action Force (SAF)
Lebar, Marine Parade, Marina
East, Geylang
 Criminal Investigation and Detection Group (CIDG)
Downtown Core, Museum, Marina
Central Police Division 'A' Division South, Straits
View, Rochor, Kallang
 Maritime Group (MG)
Clementi Police Division 'D' Division Clementi, Queenstown, Jurong East  Intelligence Group (IG)
Jurong West, Choa Chu Kang,
Jurong Police Division 'J' Division Bukit Panjang, Bukit Batok, Boon  Police Security and Protection Group (PSPG)
Lay, Pioneer, Tuas

Bukit Merah, Bukit Timah, River  PNP Anti-Cybercrime Group (PNP-ACG)

Tanglin Police Division 'E' Division Valley, Tanglin, Orchard, Novena,
Toa Payoh, Bishan
Yishun, Sembawang, Woodlands, M
 Police-Community Relations Group (PCRG)
Woodlands Police Division 'L' Division
andai
Airport Police Division APD  Highway Patrol Group (HPG)
Gurkha Contingent GC

Home Team School of Criminal Investigation HTSCI

 Civil Security Group (CSG)
Police Coast Guard PCG  PNP Anti-Kidnapping Group (PNP-AKG)
Public Transport Security Command TransCom

Protective Security Command ProCom

Security Command SecCom
Special Operations Command SOC
Traffic Police TP
Training Command TRACOM